• java blockingQueue 原理


    blockingQueue 阻塞队列,一般用于消费者生产者模式。 就是通过ReentrantLock和condition实现的阻塞,

    1     /** Main lock guarding all access */
    2     final ReentrantLock lock;
    3     /** Condition for waiting takes */
    4     private final Condition notEmpty;
    5     /** Condition for waiting puts */
    6     private final Condition notFull;

    在我上一篇文章中简单用condition实现了消费者生产者模式。

    https://www.cnblogs.com/liumy/p/11564375.html

    本文的jdk版本是 jdk1.7

    下面是阻塞对列的几个重要方法。

    首先, 队列是 FIFO, 先进先出。 队列的头部是在队列中存活时间长的元素,而在队列尾部是存货时间短的元素。

    下面是根据ArrayBlockingQueue来说明这些方法的实现。BlockingQueue的实现类有很多种,这里只是把共通的实现逻辑讲一下。

    其中

    抛出异常是指 当队列已满的时候,添加元素(add(e)),抛出IllegalStateException。当添加的对象为null时,会有空指针异常。在队列为空时,删除元素(remove()),会抛出NoSuchElementException。当执行element()方法时,如果队列为空,则抛出NoSuchElementException,反之,返回队列的头元素。

    返回特殊值 是指,当队列已满时,执行offer方法在队列尾部添加元素时,会返回false,如果成功添加,则返回true。 当队列为空时,执行poll方法,返回为null,反之,则返回头部元素。

    阻塞是指, 当队列已满,执行put方法,添加元素时,线程会阻塞,直到队列变得不满时,线程才会被唤醒,继续添加元素。当队列为空时,执行take方法,拉去元素时,线程会阻塞,直到队列有数据时,线程才继续执行。

    超时是指 当队列已满,执行offer(e,time,unit)方法,添加元素时,线程会等待指定的时间,如果这个时间内队列还是满的,那么j就返回false,反之,则返回true。当队列为空,执行poll(time,unit)方法,拉取元素时,线程会等待指定的时间,如果这个时间内队列还是空的,则返回false,反之,返回true。

    ArrayBlockingQueue.class

    有下面这些成员变量。

    /**
         * Serialization ID. This class relies on default serialization
         * even for the items array, which is default-serialized, even if
         * it is empty. Otherwise it could not be declared final, which is
         * necessary here.
         */
        private static final long serialVersionUID = -817911632652898426L;
    
        /** The queued items */
        final Object[] items;
    
        /** items index for next take, poll, peek or remove */
        int takeIndex;
    
        /** items index for next put, offer, or add */
        int putIndex;
    
        /** Number of elements in the queue */
        int count;
    
        /*
         * Concurrency control uses the classic two-condition algorithm
         * found in any textbook.
         */
    
        /** Main lock guarding all access */
        final ReentrantLock lock;
        /** Condition for waiting takes */
        private final Condition notEmpty;
        /** Condition for waiting puts */
        private final Condition notFull;

     blockingQueue 简单例子: 生产者消费者模式

    package com.citi.test.mutiplethread.demo0503;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
    import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
    
    public class ArrayBlockingQueueTest {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            BlockingQueue<String> queue=new ArrayBlockingQueue<String>(4);
            new Thread(new Producer(queue)).start();
            new Thread(new Producer(queue)).start();
            new Thread(new Producer(queue)).start();
            new Thread(new Producer(queue)).start();
            new Thread(new Consumer(queue)).start();
            new Thread(new Consumer(queue)).start();
            new Thread(new Consumer(queue)).start();
            
            new Thread(new Consumer(queue)).start();
        }
    }
    package com.citi.test.mutiplethread.demo0503;
    
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.UUID;
    import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
    
    public class Producer implements Runnable{
        private BlockingQueue<String> queue;
        public Producer(BlockingQueue<String> queue) {
            this.queue=queue;
        }
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while(true){
                try {
                    String str=UUID.randomUUID().toString();
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"生产者生产"+str);
                    queue.put(str);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        
    }
    package com.citi.test.mutiplethread.demo0503;
    
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
    
    public class Consumer implements Runnable{
        
        private BlockingQueue<String> queue;
        public Consumer(BlockingQueue<String> queue) {
            this.queue=queue;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while(true){
                try {
                    String take = queue.take();
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"消费了"+take);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        
    }

    参考下面资料:

    https://www.cnblogs.com/zaizhoumo/p/7786793.html

    https://www.jianshu.com/p/69ad22627b2b

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liumy/p/11565425.html
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