• docker学习(一)


    atomic使用有点费劲,我改为centos7来做为学习环境。

    1 安装

    epel源就自带,目前版本是1.10.3

    yum -y install docker
    
    docker version
    Client:
     Version:         1.10.3
     API version:     1.22
     Package version: docker-common-1.10.3-46.el7.centos.10.x86_64
     Go version:      go1.6.3
     Git commit:      d381c64-unsupported
     Built:           Thu Aug  4 13:21:17 2016
     OS/Arch:         linux/amd64
    
    Server:
     Version:         1.10.3
     API version:     1.22
     Package version: docker-common-1.10.3-46.el7.centos.10.x86_64
     Go version:      go1.6.3
     Git commit:      d381c64-unsupported
     Built:           Thu Aug  4 13:21:17 2016
     OS/Arch:         linux/amd64
    
    2 使用加速器下载镜像

    国内访问docker.io剧慢,好在daocloud有号称终身免费的加速器,使用方法如下

    curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://682e782c.m.daocloud.io
    

    不过这条命令运行后加速没什么效果,因为set_mirror.sh脚本有问题

            if grep "CentOS Linux release 7" /etc/redhat-release > /dev/null
            then
                if [[ "$docker_version" -lt 12 ]]
                then 
                    sudo sed -i "s|ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker daemon|ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker daemon --registry-mirror="$MIRROR_URL"|g" /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
                    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
                else
                    sudo sed -i "s|^ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd$|ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --registry-mirror="$MIRROR_URL"|g" /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
                    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
                fi
            echo "Success."
            echo "You need to restart docker to take effect : sudo systemctl restart docker "
                    exit 0
            else
                echo "Error: Set mirror failed, please set registry-mirror manually please."
                exit 1
            fi  
    

    脚本里是ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker daemon,docker.servicej里实际是ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker-current daemon,所以在后面手工加上--registry-'mirror=http://682e782c.m.daocloud.io'

    更改完后,别忘记执行

    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl restart docker && systemctl enable docker
    
    3 下载镜像
    docker pull centos:6
    Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ... 
    6: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos
    08a7a0bb6122: Pull complete 
    Digest: sha256:cd6d68000b47a91e7c94b558d7e3e653c3f0eac1a77842d97b0b7ad955cad608
    Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:6
    
    docker pull centos:7
    Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ... 
    7: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos
    3d8673bd162a: Pull complete 
    Digest: sha256:a66ffcb73930584413de83311ca11a4cb4938c9b2521d331026dad970c19adf4
    Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:7
    
    docker images
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    docker.io/centos    6                   a3c09d36ab4a        3 weeks ago         194.6 MB
    docker.io/centos    7                   970633036444        3 weeks ago         196.7 MB
    
    4 建立交互型容器
    docker run -i -t centos:6 /bin/bash
    
    [root@cab9ff817b6b /]# hostname
    cab9ff817b6b
    
    [root@cab9ff817b6b /]# cat /etc/hosts
    ...
    172.17.0.2	cab9ff817b6b
    
    [root@cab9ff817b6b /]# ifconfig 
    eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:02  
              inet addr:172.17.0.2  Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.0.0
              inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:2/64 Scope:Link
              UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
              RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
              RX bytes:648 (648.0 b)  TX bytes:648 (648.0 b)
    
    lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
              inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
              inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
              UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
              RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
    
    [root@cab9ff817b6b /]# yum install vim 
    
    [root@cab9ff817b6b /]# exit
    
    docker run --name web-01 -i -t centos:6 /bin/bash
    
    5 启动容器
    docker start cab9ff817b6b
    cab9ff817b6b
    
    docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
    cab9ff817b6b        centos:6            "/bin/bash"         6 minutes ago       Up 4 seconds                            suspicious_bose
    
    docker attach cab9ff817b6b
    附着容器,可以理解登录容器的交互界面
    
    6 建立守护型容器
    docker run --name test_01 -d centos:6 /bin/sh -c 'while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done'
    c7d4781438a7a83d51324c0f2ed1237ab8a61a7b64911f20bc99ceeaf4e27955
    
    docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
    c7d4781438a7        centos:6            "/bin/sh -c 'while tr"   9 seconds ago       Up 7 seconds                            test_01
    
    docker rm c7d4781438a7
    Failed to remove container (c7d4781438a7): Error response from daemon: Conflict, You cannot remove a running container. Stop the container before attempting removal or use -f
    
    docker stop c7d4781438a7
    c7d4781438a7
    
    docker rm c7d4781438a7
    c7d4781438a7
    
    7 容器状态
    docker top fb6b7ef0ef52
    UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
    root                22974               21672               1                   03:12               ?                   00:00:00            /bin/sh -c while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done
    root                23031               22974               0                   03:12               ?                   00:00:00            sl
    
    docker logs fb6b7ef0ef52
    
    docker logs -f fb6b7ef0ef52
    
    8 在容器内部运行进程
    docker exec -d fb6b7ef0ef52 touch /etc/new_config_file
    
    docker exec -i -t fb6b7ef0ef52 /bin/bash
    [root@fb6b7ef0ef52 /]# ls /etc/new_config_file 
    /etc/new_config_file
    
    8 自动重启容器
    docker run --restart=always --name test_01 -d centos:6 /bin/sh -c 'while true; do echo hello world; sleep 1; done'
    或者异常退出,自动重启5次
    --restart=on-failure:5
    
    9 获取更多容器信息
    docker inspect fb6b7ef0ef52
    docker inspect --format '{{.Name}} {{.State.Running}}' fb6b7ef0ef52
    /test_01 true
    
    杀死所有running状态的容器
    docker kill $(docker ps -q)
    
    删除所有已经停止的容器
    docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
    
    删除所有’untagged/dangling’ ()状态的镜像
    docker rmi $(docker images -q -f dangling=true)
    
    删除所有镜像:
    docker rmi $(docker images -q)
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liujitao79/p/5801852.html
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