如何轻松实现个性化推荐系统

这里采用的是.net的一个引用NReco.Recommender.dll，这是一个国外电影网站推荐系统衍生而来的，有兴趣的可以到他们的官网看看。

以图书商城为例 MVC

构造行为数据

首先需要对数据库进行设计，增加一张用户的行为数据表,记录用户访问网站的行为，例如商城的一般记录浏览的商品和购买过的商品，根据你的业务逻辑进行设计。

构造评分数据

需要对商品的进行评分，一般采用5分制，可以根据你的业务逻辑进行设计。

生成评分离线数据

 public class IndexJobRatings : IJob
    {
        Irecommend_ratingBLL ratingbll = new BLL.recommend_ratingBLL();
        ISettingsBLL setingsbll = new BLL.SettingsBLL();
        #region IJob 成员
        /// <summary>
        /// 定时处理任务都要放在这个方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="context"></param>
        public void Execute(JobExecutionContext context)
        {
            var list = ratingbll.LoadEntities(c => true).ToList();
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            foreach (var item in list)
            {
                //需要过滤 取平均值
                sb.Append(item.userID   "	"   item.bookID   "	"   item.stars   "	"   WebCommon.DateTimeToUnixTimestamp(Convert.ToDateTime(item.addTime))   "
");
            }
            var logmodel = setingsbll.LoadEntities(c=>c.id==16).FirstOrDefault();
            if (logmodel != null && logmodel.value == "true")
            {
                System.IO.File.WriteAllText(WebCommon.MapPath("/data/ratings.dat"), sb.ToString());//写入文件  
                logmodel.value = "false";
                setingsbll.UpdateEntity(logmodel);
            }
            else
            {
                System.IO.File.WriteAllText(WebCommon.MapPath("/data/ratings1.dat"), sb.ToString());//写入文件
                logmodel.value = "true";
                setingsbll.UpdateEntity(logmodel);
            }
        }

        #endregion
    }

本人使用时间进度插件定时执行改任务，更新数据提高数据的准确率。

添加引用

直接在NuGet管理中添加即可，搜索NReco.Recommender

实现推荐

/// <summary>
        /// 推荐
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pageIndex">当前页</param>
        /// <param name="pageSize">页容量</param>
        /// <param name="showCount">显示数量</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public List<Books> RecommendBooks(int pageIndex, int pageSize, int showCount)
        {
            #region 推荐
            List<Books> books = null;
            if (Session["user"] != null)
            {
                Users user = Session["user"] as Users;

                #region 构建用户行为数组
                var loglist = logbll.LoadEntities(c => c.userID == user.Id).ToList();
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                if (loglist.Count > 0)
                {
                    sb.Append("[");
                    int j = 0;
                    foreach (var item in loglist)
                    {
                        j  ;
                        sb.Append(item.itemID.ToString());
                        if (j != loglist.Count)
                        {
                            sb.Append(",");
                        }
                    }
                    sb.Append("]");
                }
                #endregion

                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sb.ToString()))
                {
                    //冷启动
                    books = booksbll.LoadEntities(c => true).OrderByDescending(c => c.rating).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize).ToList();
                }
                else
                {
                    var filmIds = (new JavaScriptSerializer()).Deserialize<long[]>(sb.ToString());

                    var logmodel = settingbll.LoadEntities(c => c.id == 16).FirstOrDefault();
                    string path = "";
                    if (logmodel != null && logmodel.value == "true")
                    {
                        path = "data/ratings1.dat";
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        path = "data/ratings.dat";
                    }

                    var pathToDataFile =
                            Path.Combine(System.Web.HttpRuntime.AppDomainAppPath, path);

                    if (dataModel == null)
                    {
                        dataModel = new FileDataModel(pathToDataFile, false, FileDataModel.DEFAULT_MIN_RELOAD_INTERVAL_MS, false);
                    }

                    var plusAnonymModel = new PlusAnonymousUserDataModel(dataModel);
                    var prefArr = new GenericUserPreferenceArray(filmIds.Length);
                    prefArr.SetUserID(0, PlusAnonymousUserDataModel.TEMP_USER_ID);
                    for (int i = 0; i < filmIds.Length; i  )
                    {
                        prefArr.SetItemID(i, filmIds[i]);
                        prefArr.SetValue(i, 5); // lets assume max rating
                    }
                    plusAnonymModel.SetTempPrefs(prefArr);

                    var similarity = new LogLikelihoodSimilarity(plusAnonymModel);
                    var neighborhood = new NearestNUserNeighborhood(15, similarity, plusAnonymModel);
                    var recommender = new GenericUserBasedRecommender(plusAnonymModel, neighborhood, similarity);
                    var recommendedItems = recommender.Recommend(PlusAnonymousUserDataModel.TEMP_USER_ID, showCount, null);
                    List<Books> newbooks = new List<Books>();
                    foreach (var item in recommendedItems)
                    {
                        int bid = Convert.ToInt32(item.GetItemID());
                        newbooks.Add(booksbll.LoadEntities(c => c.Id == bid).FirstOrDefault());
                    }

                    books = newbooks.Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize).ToList();
                }
            }
            else //不推荐
            {
                books = booksbll.LoadEntities(c => true).OrderByDescending(c => c.rating).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize).ToList();
            }
            #endregion

            return books.Count() <= 0 ? booksbll.LoadEntities(c => true).OrderByDescending(c => c.rating).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize).ToList() : books;
        }

当然直接这样会有冷启动问题，就是用户没有登录的情况和用户还没有行为数据的情况，本人采用热门商品的推荐。你也可以根据你的业务逻辑进行设计。

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> 这只是本人的简单实现方案，还需要不断的完善，欢迎提出意见或建议，感谢您的阅读。