• 基于注解配置的Spring MVC 简单的HelloWorld实例应用


     

    2.1 问题

    使用注解的方式重构helloworld应用案例。

    2.2 方案

    1. @RequestMapping注解应用

    @RequestMapping可以用在类定义和方法定义上,它标明这个类或方法与哪一个客户请求对应。实例代码如下:

     
    @RequestMapping("/day01")
    public class HelloController {
        @RequestMapping("/hello.form")
        public String execute() throws Exception {
            return "hello";
        }
    }
     

    2. 开启@RequestMapping注解映射,需要在Spring的XML配置文件进行配置,配置代码如下:

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    3. @Controller注解应用

    推荐使用@Controller注解声明Controller组件,这样可以使得Controller定义更加灵活,可以不用实现Controller接口,请求处理的方法也可以灵活定义。代码如下:

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/day01")
    public class HelloController {
        @RequestMapping("/hello.form")
        public String execute() throws Exception {
            return "hello";
        }
    }
     

    4. 为了使@Controller注解生效,需要在Spring的XML配置文件中开启组件扫描定义,并指定Controller组件所在包,配置代码如下:

     <context:component-scan base-package="com.souvc.controller"/>

    使用的环境是eclipse ,jdk7.0 ,Tomcat 7.0,导入Spring依赖包。

    2.3 步骤

    步骤一: 新建一个新工程,工程名为SpringControler,如图下:

    步骤二:增加HelloController类

    使用注解的方式,修改HelloController类,代码如下所示:

    package com.souvc.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/day01")
    public class HelloController {
        @RequestMapping("/hello.form")
        public String execute() throws Exception {
            return "hello";
        }
    }

    步骤三:spring-mvc.xml的配置

    在spring-mvc.xml文件中,开启@RequestMapping注解映射以及组件扫描,代码如下所示:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
        xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
        xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
         
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.souvc.controller"/>
        
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
        
        <!-- 定义视图解析器ViewResolver -->
        <bean id="viewResolver"
            class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
        </bean>
    
    </beans>

    web.xml 文件如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>
                org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
            </servlet-class>
            <!-- 指定Spring的配置文件 -->
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>*.form</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
        <welcome-file-list>
            <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        </welcome-file-list>
    </web-app>

    步骤四:测试

    通过地址“http://localhost:8080/SpringControler/day01/hello.form”访问HelloController:

     
    源码如下:http://yunpan.cn/cm3CqEXD9TeJf  访问密码 2d10
     
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liuhongfeng/p/4772828.html
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