Python—时间模块(time)和随机模块(random)

时间模块

time模块

获取秒级时间戳、毫秒级时间戳、微秒级时间戳

import time
t = time.time()
print t                         # 原始时间数据         1574502460.90
print int(t)                    # 秒级时间戳：10位     1574502460
print int(round(t * 1000))      # 毫秒级时间戳：13位   1574502460904
print int(round(t * 1000000))   # 微秒级时间戳：16位   1574502460903997

格式化日期与秒级时间戳之间的转换

import time

# 将日期转为秒级时间戳
dt = '2019-08-08 10:00:00'
ts = int(time.mktime(time.strptime(dt, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")))
print ts      # 结果：1565229600
  
# 将秒级时间戳转为日期
ts = 1565229600
dt = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(ts))
print dt      # 结果：2019-08-08 10:00:00
  
# 将当前秒级时间戳转为日期，下面两种写法的结果是一样的
ct = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
ct = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))
print ct, type(ct)      # 结果：2019-11-25 09:45:09   <type 'str'>

转结构体时间struct_time

# 日期时间转结构体
ta_dt = time.strptime("2019-11-25 10:20:50", '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')  
print ta_dt      # time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=25, tm_hour=10, tm_min=20, tm_sec=50, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=329, tm_isdst=-1)

# 时间戳转结构体，注意时间戳要求为int，也可以不带参数：ta_ms = time.localtime()
ta_ms = time.localtime(1574648450) 
print ta_ms      # time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=25, tm_hour=10, tm_min=20, tm_sec=50, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=329, tm_isdst=0)
print ta_ms[0], ta_ms[1], ta_ms[2], ta_ms[3], ta_ms[4], ta_ms[5]

其他用法

print time.time()                               # 结果：1574655005.15，现在距离计算机元年过去了多少秒。
print time.ctime()                              # 结果：Mon Nov 25 12:10:05 2019
print time.sleep(3)                             # 结果：程序运行到这儿，暂停3秒，休眠3秒。
                                
print time.asctime((2019,5,7,20,8,8,6,3,1))     # 结果：Sun May 7 20:08:08 2019 
print time.mktime((2019,5,9,20,8,8,0,0,0))      # 结果：1557403688.0
 
print time.gmtime(7200)                         # 结果：time.struct_time(tm_year=1970, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=1, tm_hour=2, tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=1, tm_isdst=0)  
print time.gmtime(1557403688)                   # 结果：time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=9, tm_hour=12, tm_min=8, tm_sec=8, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=129, tm_isdst=0)  
print time.localtime(1557403688.0)              # 结果：time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=9, tm_hour=20, tm_min=8, tm_sec=8, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=129, tm_isdst=0)           
print time.localtime()                          # 结果：time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=25, tm_hour=12, tm_min=10, tm_sec=8, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=329, tm_isdst=0)

datetime模块

dateutil模块

from dateutil.parser import parse

t1 = parse('2019-10-01 10:10:10')
t2 = parse('2019-10-01/10:10:10')
t3 = parse('2019/12/01 10:10:10')
t4 = parse('2019/12/01/10:10:10')

print t1, type(t1)                # 2019-10-01 10:10:10   <type 'datetime.datetime'>
print t2, type(t2)                # 2019-10-01 10:10:10   <type 'datetime.datetime'>
print t3, type(t3)                # 2019-12-01 10:10:10   <type 'datetime.datetime'>
print (t3-t1).days                # 61
print (t3-t1).seconds             # 0
print (t3-t1).total_seconds()     # 5270400.0

https://www.cnblogs.com/mashuqi/p/11576705.html

https://www.jianshu.com/p/f29dddce3a9a

随机模块