python 数据结构 实现链队的两种方法

1.设置首尾指针实现链队

# 首尾指针实现
# 链队 首尾指针实现链队
class Node():
    def __init__(self, value=None):
        self.value = value
        self.next = None

class StcakQueue():
    def __init__(self):
        self.front = Node()
        self.rear = Node()
        self.size = 0

    def enqueue(self, value):
        node = Node(value)
        if self.size == 0:
            self.front = node
            self.rear = node
        else:
            self.rear.next = node
            self.rear = node
        self.size += 1

    def dequeue(self):
        if self.size == 0:
            raise Exception('queue is empty')
        else:
            temp = self.front.value
            self.front = self.front.next
            self.size -= 1
            return temp

    def is_empty(self):
        if self.size == 0 :
            return False
        else:
            return True

    def top(self):
        if self.size == 0 :
            raise LookupError('queue is empty')
        else:
            return self.front.value

    def size(self):
        return self.size

    def __str__(self):
        if self.size == 0:
            return None
        else:
            stack_list = []
            temp, count = self.front, self.size
            while count > 0 :
                stack_list.append(temp.value)
                temp = temp.next
                count -= 1
            return str(stack_list)
       

if __name__ == "__main__":
    i = StcakQueue()
    for x in range(0,6):
        i.enqueue(x)
        print(i)
    i.dequeue()
    print(i, i.size)

运行结果：

2.带头结点的尾插法实现链队 头结点可储存size或者typeof类型

# 尾插有头结点实现链队
# 链队 尾插法 有头结点实现链队
class Node(): #结点类
    def __init__(self,elem):
        self.elem = elem # 数据域，用来存放数据元素
        self.next = None # 指针域，指向下一个结点

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.elem)


class Queue(): # 队列
    def __init__(self): # 队列初始化
        self.head = None # 构造私有头结点
    
    def is_empty(self):
        return self.head == None

    def enqueue(self,elem): # 进队列（正常向后填元素）
        node = Node(elem) # 创建新结点
        if self.is_empty(): # 如果为空, 新建head结点
            self.head = Node
            self.head.next = node
            node = self.head
        else:
            current = self.head
            while current.next is not None:
                current = current.next
            current.next = node

    def dequeue(self): # 出队列（头出）
        if not self.is_empty():
            current = self.head.next
            self.head.next = self.head.next.next
            return current.elem
        else:
            raise IndexError('pop from a empty stack')
    
    def size(self):
        current = self.head
        count = 0
        while current.next is not None:
            current = current.next
            count += 1
        return count

    def __repr__(self):
        stack_list = []
        current = self.head
        while current.next is not None:
            stack_list.append(current.next.elem)
            current = current.next
        return str(stack_list)

    __str__ = __repr__


if __name__ == "__main__":
    i = Queue()
    for x in range(0, 6):
        i.enqueue(x)
        print(i)

    i.dequeue()
    print(i, i.size())

两种运行结果 相同