• MYSQL


    Mysql是一个真正的多线程,多应用的sql数据库服务软件。

    优点:查询速度快,高性能。高可靠和易于使用等特性。

    关系型数据库:

    商业:Oracle, Sybase  lnfomix  SQL Server  DB2

    开源:mySQL  postgreSQL  pgsql,EnterpriseDB

    非关系型数据库NOsql

    MongoDB(文档型数据库)  Redis  HBase  Memcached

    Mysql -u  指定用户名

    Mysql -p  指定密码(选项和密码之间不能有空格)

         -h   指定主机

         -P   指定端口

         -S   指定Socket文件

         -e   指定SQL命令语句(非交互)

    SQL语句分类:

    1. 数据定义语言(DDL

    {create table , create view,create index,alter table,drop table,drop view,drop index }

       创建,修改或删除数据库中的各种对象。包括表。视图。索引

    1. 查询语言(DQL)

        {select....from...where}

        按照指定的组合,条件表达式或排嗦已存在的数据库中的数据

    1. 数据操纵语言(DML)

       {insert,update,delete}

        对已存在的数据库进行元组的插入,删除,修改等操作。

    1. 数据控制语言(DCL)

    {grant,revoke,commit,rollback}

        给予授权和收回数据库的某种特权

     

    可以用yum安装mariadbmysql一样。简单快捷,

    [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

    启动mariadb

    [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb

    查看端口:

    [root@localhost ~]# netstat -lnpt

    Active Internet connections (only servers)

    Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    

    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3335/mysqld  

        

    添加进入数据库进入密码:

    [root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password '123'

    如果要修改密码:

     mysqladmin -u root -p旧的密码 password '新的密码'

    [root@localhost ~]# mysql

    ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

    [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p

    Enter password:

    Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.

    Your MariaDB connection id is 12

    Server version: 5.5.64-MariaDB MariaDB Server

    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

    Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

    MariaDB [(none)]>

    ==============================================================================================================================================================

    登录数据库;

    mysql -uroot -p

    Enter password:  ---后面跟密码

    查看数据库列表信息:

    mysql> show databases;

    显示数据表的结构:

    mysql> describe mysql.user

        -> ;

    切换表:

    mysql> use mysql;

     

    创建一个新库:

    mysql> create database auth;

    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    切换:

    mysql> use auth;

     

    在库内添加这个新表:

    mysql> create table users (user_name char(20) not null, user_passwd char(30) default " ", primary key (user_name));

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

    auth库中,创建名为users的表,表内两个字段为(user_name 最多20字节 不能为空,user_passwd最多30字节 默认为空,索引关键字 user_name)

     

    删除数据表:

    MariaDB [auth]> drop table users;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    删除数据库:

    MariaDB [auth]> drop database lisi;

     

    Insert插入新数据,

    MariaDB [auth]> insert into users(user_name,user_passwd) values('zhangsan','123456');

    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    加密存储密码:

    MariaDB [auth]> insert into users values('lisi',password('123'));

    Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

    Update更改原有数据

    清空lisi的密码:

    MariaDB [auth]> update auth.users set user_passwd=password('')where user_name='lisi';

    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

    查询表中的数据;

    MariaDB [auth]> select * from auth.users;

    +-----------+--------------------------------+

    | user_name | user_passwd                    |

    +-----------+--------------------------------+

    | lisi      |                                |

    | zhangsan  | *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A |

    +-----------+--------------------------------+

    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    查询数据库有哪些表

    MariaDB [auth]> show tales;

    查询条件内容:

    MariaDB [auth]> select * from users where user_name='zhangsan';

     

    查询前三列:

    MariaDB [auth]> select Host,User,Password from mysql.user;

     

    查询条件:

    MariaDB [auth]> select Host,User,Password from mysql.user where Host='127.0.0.1';

    +-----------+------+----------+

    | Host      | User | Password |

    +-----------+------+----------+

    | 127.0.0.1 | root |          |

    +-----------+------+----------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    把密码改成密文显示密码:

    MariaDB [auth]> update users set user_passwd=password('123456') where user_name='zhangsan';

    Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

    Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1

    批量添加密码:

    MariaDB [mysql]> select user,password from user;

    +------+-------------------------------------------+

    | user | password                                  |

    +------+-------------------------------------------+

    | root | *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 |

    | root |                                           |

    | root |                                           |

    | root |                                           |

    |      |                                           |

    |      |                                           |

    +------+-------------------------------------------+

    6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    MariaDB [mysql]> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

    Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0

     

    MariaDB [mysql]> select user,password from user;

    +------+-------------------------------------------+

    | user | password                                  |

    +------+-------------------------------------------+

    | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

    | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

    | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

    | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

    |      |                                           |

    |      |                                           |

    +------+-------------------------------------------+

    6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    刷新授权表:

    MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    删除数据,不是删除表,不一样:

    MariaDB [auth]> delete from users where user_name='lisi';

    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    收回权限:

    MariaDB [auth]> revoke select on crushlinux.* from 'mengwei'@'localhost';

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    查看当前的登录用户:

    MariaDB [auth]> show grants;

    授权客户机远程登录:

    MariaDB [auth]> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.200.110' identified by '123456';

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    MariaDB [auth]> flush privileges;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

     

     

    列:

    [root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql/mysql/

    [root@localhost mysql]# ls

    columns_priv.frm  general_log.CSM    help_topic.frm        proc.frm          slow_log.CSM               time_zone_name.frm

    columns_priv.MYD  general_log.CSV    help_topic.MYD        proc.MYD          slow_log.CSV               time_zone_name.MYD

    columns_priv.MYI  general_log.frm    help_topic.MYI        proc.MYI          

    func.MYI          help_relation.MYI  plugin.MYI            servers.MYI       time_zone.MYI  

    查看表的结构:

    MariaDB [mysql]> describe user;

    这是在外面查询数据库结构

    MariaDB [mysql]> describe mysql.user;

     

    授权,并创建用户:

    MariaDB [auth]> GRANT select ON crushlinux.* TO 'mengwei'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    授权客户机远程登录:

    MariaDB [auth]> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.200.110' identified by '123456';

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    MariaDB [auth]> flush privileges;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liu1584712/p/11656536.html
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