基本的单向加密算法:
BASE64 严格地说,属于编码格式,而非加密算法
MD5(Message Digest algorithm 5,信息摘要算法)
SHA(Secure Hash Algorithm,安全散列算法)
HMAC(Hash Message Authentication Code,散列消息鉴别码)
MD5、SHA、HMAC这三种加密算法,可谓是非可逆加密,就是不可解密的加密方法。我们通常只把他们作为加密的基础。单纯的以上三种的加密并不可靠。
BASE64,按照RFC2045的定义,Base64被定义为:Base64内容传送编码被设计用来把任意序列的8位字节描述为一种不易被人直接识别的形式,常见于邮件、http加密,截取http信息,你就会发现登录操作的用户名、密码字段通过BASE64加密的。
复杂的对称加密(DES、PBE)、非对称加密算法:
DES(Data Encryption Standard,数据加密算法) AES(高级加密标准)代替DES
PBE(Password-based encryption,基于密码验证)
RSA(算法的名字以发明者的名字命名:Ron Rivest, AdiShamir 和Leonard Adleman)
DH(Diffie-Hellman算法,密钥一致协议)
DSA(Digital Signature Algorithm,数字签名)
ECC(Elliptic Curves Cryptography,椭圆曲线密码编码学)
iOS应用代码加密分为以下几种:
1)本地数据加密
对NSUserDefaults,sqlite存储文件数据加密,保护帐号和关键信息。
2)URL编码加密
对程序中出现的URL进行编码加密,防止URL被静态分析
3)网络传输数据加密
对客户端传输数据提供加密方案,有效防止通过网络接口的拦截获取
4)方法体,方法名高级混淆
对应用程序的方法名和方法体进行混淆,保证源码被逆向后无法解析代码
5)程序结构混排加密
对应用程序逻辑结构进行打乱混排,保证源码可读性降到最低
下面先介绍MD5:
先创建一个MD5文件,MD5.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface MD5 : NSObject
+(NSString *)md5HexDigest:(NSString *)input;
@end
MD5.m
#import "MD5.h"
#import <CommonCrypto/CommonDigest.h>
@implementation MD5
+(NSString *)md5HexDigest:(NSString *)input{
const char* str = [input UTF8String];
unsigned char result[CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH]; //16位字节
CC_MD5(str,(int)strlen(str),result);
NSMutableString *ret = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
for (int i = 0; i< CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) {
[ret appendFormat:@"%2s",result];
}
return ret;
}或者写另外的写法更直观一些:
// 方法功能:md5 加密
+ (NSString *)md5:(NSString *)str
{
const char *cStr = [str UTF8String];
unsigned char result[16];
CC_MD5(cStr, (CC_LONG)strlen(cStr), result); // This is the md5 call
return [NSString stringWithFormat:
@"%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
result[0], result[1], result[2], result[3],
result[4], result[5], result[6], result[7],
result[8], result[9], result[10], result[11],
result[12], result[13], result[14], result[15]
];
}
@end
ios调用MD5加密方式如下:
NSString *userName = @"cerastes";
NSString *password = @"hello Word";
// MD5加密
NSString *md5 = [MD5 md5HexDigest:password];
NSLog(@"%@",md5);
BASE64
base64图片转为base64:
NSString *imageDocPath = [documentPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"FeekImageFile"];
NSString *imagePath=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@",imageDocPath,imageArry[i]];
NSData *data=[[NSFileManager defaultManager] contentsAtPath:imagePath];
// NSData *data = UIImageJPEGRepresentation([UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_pic_no"], 1.0f);
NSString *encodedImageStr = [data base64EncodedStringWithOptions:NSDataBase64Encoding64CharacterLineLength];
base64的加密的使用:
使用之前,记得要有以下三个文件:
GTMDefines.h
GTMBase64.h
GTMBase64.m
下载地址:https://github.com/r258833095/GTMBase64
.h文件中代码如下
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "GTMBase64.h"
@interface Base64 : NSObject
+(NSString *)encodeBase64String:(NSString *)input;
+(NSString *)decodeBase64String:(NSString *)input;
+(NSString *)encodeBase64Data:(NSData *)data;
+(NSString *)decodeBase64Data:(NSData *)data;
@end
.m文件中代码如下
#import "Base64.h"
@implementation Base64
+(NSString *)encodeBase64String:(NSString *)input{
NSData *data = [input dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding allowLossyConversion:YES];
data = [GTMBase64 encodeData:data];
NSString *base64String = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return base64String;
}
+(NSString *)decodeBase64String:(NSString *)input{
NSData *data = [input dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding allowLossyConversion:YES];
data = [GTMBase64 decodeData:data];
NSString *base64String = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return base64String;
}
+(NSString *)encodeBase64Data:(NSData *)data{
data = [GTMBase64 encodeData:data];
NSString *base64String = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return base64String;
}
+(NSString *)decodeBase64Data:(NSData *)data{
data = [GTMBase64 decodeData:data];
NSString *base64String = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return base64String;
}
@end
ios调用BASE64加密方式如下:
NSString *baseEncodeString = [GTMBase64 encodeBase64String:password];
NSString *baseDecodeString = [GTMBase64 decodeBase64String:baseEncodeString];
NSLog(@"baseEncodeString = %@",baseEncodeString);
NSLog(@"baseDecodeString = %@",baseDecodeString);
DES+GTMBase64的使用
+ (NSString *)encryptWithText:(NSString *)sText;//加密
+ (NSString *)decryptWithText:(NSString *)sText;//解密
.m文件中 (导包:#import"GTMBase64.h"(下面说) #import<CommonCrypto/CommonCryptor.h>)
- + (NSString *)encryptWithText:(NSString *)sText
- {
- //kCCEncrypt 加密
- return [self encrypt:sText encryptOrDecrypt:kCCEncrypt key:@"des"];
- }
- + (NSString *)decryptWithText:(NSString *)sText
- {
- //kCCDecrypt 解密
- return [self encrypt:sText encryptOrDecrypt:kCCDecrypt key:@"des"];
- }
- + (NSString *)encrypt:(NSString *)sText encryptOrDecrypt:(CCOperation)encryptOperation key:(NSString *)key
- {
- const void *dataIn;
- size_t dataInLength;
- if (encryptOperation == kCCDecrypt)//传递过来的是decrypt 解码
- {
- //解码 base64
- NSData *decryptData = [GTMBase64 decodeData:[sText dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];//转成utf-8并decode
- dataInLength = [decryptData length];
- dataIn = [decryptData bytes];
- }
- else //encrypt
- {
- NSData* encryptData = [sText dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
- dataInLength = [encryptData length];
- dataIn = (const void *)[encryptData bytes];
- }
- /*
- DES加密 :用CCCrypt函数加密一下,然后用base64编码下,传过去
- DES解密 :把收到的数据根据base64,decode一下,然后再用CCCrypt函数解密,得到原本的数据
- */
- CCCryptorStatus ccStatus;
- uint8_t *dataOut = NULL; //可以理解位type/typedef 的缩写(有效的维护了代码,比如:一个人用int,一个人用long。最好用typedef来定义)
- size_t dataOutAvailable = 0; //size_t 是操作符sizeof返回的结果类型
- size_t dataOutMoved = 0;
- dataOutAvailable = (dataInLength + kCCBlockSizeDES) & ~(kCCBlockSizeDES - 1);
- dataOut = malloc( dataOutAvailable * sizeof(uint8_t));
- memset((void *)dataOut, 0x0, dataOutAvailable);//将已开辟内存空间buffer的首 1 个字节的值设为值 0
- NSString *initIv = @"12345678";
- const void *vkey = (const void *) [key UTF8String];
- const void *iv = (const void *) [initIv UTF8String];
- //CCCrypt函数 加密/解密
- ccStatus = CCCrypt(encryptOperation,// 加密/解密
- kCCAlgorithmDES,// 加密根据哪个标准(des,3des,aes。。。。)
- kCCOptionPKCS7Padding,// 选项分组密码算法(des:对每块分组加一次密 3DES:对每块分组加三个不同的密)
- vkey, //密钥 加密和解密的密钥必须一致
- kCCKeySizeDES,// DES 密钥的大小(kCCKeySizeDES=8)
- iv, // 可选的初始矢量
- dataIn, // 数据的存储单元
- dataInLength,// 数据的大小
- (void *)dataOut,// 用于返回数据
- dataOutAvailable,
- &dataOutMoved);
- NSString *result = nil;
- if (encryptOperation == kCCDecrypt)//encryptOperation==1 解码
- {
- //得到解密出来的data数据,改变为utf-8的字符串
- result = [[[NSString alloc] initWithData:[NSData dataWithBytes:(const void *)dataOut length:(NSUInteger)dataOutMoved] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease];
- }
- else //encryptOperation==0 (加密过程中,把加好密的数据转成base64的)
- {
- //编码 base64
- NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytes:(const void *)dataOut length:(NSUInteger)dataOutMoved];
- result = [GTMBase64 stringByEncodingData:data];
- }
- return result;
- }
AES+GTMBase64的使用
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface DES3Util : NSObject
+ (NSString*) AES128Encrypt:(NSString *)plainText;
+ (NSString*) AES128Decrypt:(NSString *)encryptText;
@end
DES3Util.m文件内容
// // DES3Util.m // JuziAnalyticsDemo // // Created by wanyakun on 13-6-6. // Copyright (c) 2013年 The9. All rights reserved. // #import "DES3Util.h" #import <CommonCrypto/CommonCryptor.h> #import "GTMBase64.h" #define gkey @"16位长度的字符串" //自行修改 #define gIv @"16位长度的字符串" //自行修改 @implementation DES3Util +(NSString *)AES128Encrypt:(NSString *)plainText { char keyPtr[kCCKeySizeAES128+1]; memset(keyPtr, 0, sizeof(keyPtr)); [gkey getCString:keyPtr maxLength:sizeof(keyPtr) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; char ivPtr[kCCBlockSizeAES128+1]; memset(ivPtr, 0, sizeof(ivPtr)); [gIv getCString:ivPtr maxLength:sizeof(ivPtr) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSData* data = [plainText dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSUInteger dataLength = [data length]; int diff = kCCKeySizeAES128 - (dataLength % kCCKeySizeAES128); int newSize = 0; if(diff > 0) { newSize = dataLength + diff; } char dataPtr[newSize]; memcpy(dataPtr, [data bytes], [data length]); for(int i = 0; i < diff; i++) { dataPtr[i + dataLength] = 0x00; } size_t bufferSize = newSize + kCCBlockSizeAES128; void *buffer = malloc(bufferSize); memset(buffer, 0, bufferSize); size_t numBytesCrypted = 0; CCCryptorStatus cryptStatus = CCCrypt(kCCEncrypt, kCCAlgorithmAES128, 0x0000, //No padding keyPtr, kCCKeySizeAES128, ivPtr, dataPtr, sizeof(dataPtr), buffer, bufferSize, &numBytesCrypted); if (cryptStatus == kCCSuccess) { NSData *resultData = [NSData dataWithBytesNoCopy:buffer length:numBytesCrypted]; return [GTMBase64 stringByEncodingData:resultData]; } free(buffer); return nil; } +(NSString *)AES128Decrypt:(NSString *)encryptText { char keyPtr[kCCKeySizeAES128 + 1]; memset(keyPtr, 0, sizeof(keyPtr)); [gkey getCString:keyPtr maxLength:sizeof(keyPtr) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; char ivPtr[kCCBlockSizeAES128 + 1]; memset(ivPtr, 0, sizeof(ivPtr)); [gIv getCString:ivPtr maxLength:sizeof(ivPtr) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSData *data = [GTMBase64 decodeData:[encryptText dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]]; NSUInteger dataLength = [data length]; size_t bufferSize = dataLength + kCCBlockSizeAES128; void *buffer = malloc(bufferSize); size_t numBytesCrypted = 0; CCCryptorStatus cryptStatus = CCCrypt(kCCDecrypt, kCCAlgorithmAES128, 0x0000, keyPtr, kCCBlockSizeAES128, ivPtr, [data bytes], dataLength, buffer, bufferSize, &numBytesCrypted); if (cryptStatus == kCCSuccess) { NSData *resultData = [NSData dataWithBytesNoCopy:buffer length:numBytesCrypted]; return [[[NSString alloc] initWithData:resultData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease]; } free(buffer); return nil; } @end