• 创建交互式shell脚本对话框


    当你在终端环境下安装新的软件时,你可以经常看到信息对话框弹出,需要你的输入,比如:RHEL/CentOS自带的setup,对话框的类型有密码箱、检查表、菜单等等。他们可以引导你以一种直观的方式输入必要的信息,使用这样的用户友好的对话框的好处是显而易见的。如下图所示:
    interactive_shell01
    当你写一个交互式shell脚本,你可以使用这样的对话框来接受用户的输入。whiptail可以在shell脚本中创建基于终端的对话框,消息框的过程,类似于Zenity或xdialog GUI脚本代码。whiptail预先安装在所有的Linux发布版本中。

    创建一个消息框
    一个消息框中显示一个确认按钮继续任意的文本消息。

    语法:

    whiptail --title "<message box title>" --msgbox "<text to show>" <height> <width> 
    

    实例:

    #!/bin/bash
    whiptail --title "Test Message Box" --msgbox "Create a message box with whiptail. Choose Ok to continue." 10 60
    


    interactive_shell02

    创建一个yes/no对话框
    用户输入yes或no的对话框。

    语法:

    whiptail --title "<dialog box title>" --yesno "<text to show>" <height> <width>
    

    实例:

    #!/bin/bash
    if (whiptail --title "Test Yes/No Box" --yesno "Choose between Yes and No." 10 60) then
        echo "You chose Yes. Exit status was $?."
    else
        echo "You chose No. Exit status was $?."
    fi
    


    interactive_shell03
    或者,你可以是“--yes-button” ,"--no-button"选项。

    #!/bin/bash
    if (whiptail --title "Test Yes/No Box" --yes-button "Skittles" --no-button "M&M's"  --yesno "Which do you like better?" 10 60) then
        echo "You chose Skittles Exit status was $?."
    else
        echo "You chose M&M's. Exit status was $?."
    fi
    


    interactive_shell04

    创建一个表单输入框
    如果你想用户输入任意的文本,您可以使用一个输入框。

    语法:

     whiptail --title "<input box title>" --inputbox "<text to show>" <height> <width> <default-text>

    实例:

    #!/bin/bash
    PET=$(whiptail --title "Test Free-form Input Box" --inputbox "What is your pet's name?" 10 60 Wigglebutt 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)
     
    exitstatus=$?
    if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then
        echo "Your pet name is:" $PET
    else
        echo "You chose Cancel."
    fi
    


    interactive_shell05

    创建一个密码框
    当用户需要输入敏感信息时密码框是有用的。

    语法:

    whiptail --title "<password box title>" --passwordbox "<text to show>" <height> <width>

    实例:

    #!/bin/bash
    PASSWORD=$(whiptail --title "Test Password Box" --passwordbox "Enter your password and choose Ok to continue." 10 60 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)
     
    exitstatus=$?
    if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then
        echo "Your password is:" $PASSWORD
    else
        echo "You chose Cancel."
    fi
    


    interactive_shell06

    创建一个菜单栏
    当你想让用户选择一个任意数量的选择中,你可以使用菜单框。

    语法:

     whiptail --title "<menu title>" --menu "<text to show>" <height> <width> <menu height> [ <tag> <item> ] . . .

    实例:

    #!/bin/bash
    OPTION=$(whiptail --title "Test Menu Dialog" --menu "Choose your option" 15 60 4 
    "1" "Grilled Spicy Sausage" 
    "2" "Grilled Halloumi Cheese" 
    "3" "Charcoaled Chicken Wings" 
    "4" "Fried Aubergine"  3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)
     
    exitstatus=$?
    if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then
        echo "Your chosen option:" $OPTION
    else
        echo "You chose Cancel."
    fi
    


    interactive_shell07

    创建radiolist对话框

    语法:

     whiptail --title "<radiolist title>" --radiolist "<text to show>" <height> <width> <list height> [ <tag> <item> <status> ] . . .

    实例:

    #!/bin/bash
    DISTROS=$(whiptail --title "Test Checklist Dialog" --radiolist 
    "What is the Linux distro of your choice?" 15 60 4 
    "debian" "Venerable Debian" ON 
    "ubuntu" "Popular Ubuntu" OFF 
    "centos" "Stable CentOS" OFF 
    "mint" "Rising Star Mint" OFF 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)
     
    exitstatus=$?
    if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then
        echo "The chosen distro is:" $DISTROS
    else
        echo "You chose Cancel."
    fi
    


    interactive_shell08

    创建一个表对话框
    当你想让用户选择一个列表中选择多个选项的清单对话框是有用的,radiolist对话框,只允许选择一个。

    语法:

     whiptail --title "<checklist title>" --checklist "<text to show>" <height> <width> <list height> [ <tag> <item> <status> ] . . .

    实例:

    #!/bin/bash
    DISTROS=$(whiptail --title "Test Checklist Dialog" --checklist 
    "Choose preferred Linux distros" 15 60 4 
    "debian" "Venerable Debian" ON 
    "ubuntu" "Popular Ubuntu" OFF 
    "centos" "Stable CentOS" ON 
    "mint" "Rising Star Mint" OFF 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)
     
    exitstatus=$?
    if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then
        echo "Your favorite distros are:" $DISTROS
    else
        echo "You chose Cancel."
    fi
    


    interactive_shell09

    创建一个进度条
    进度条是一个用户友好的对话框。whiptail从标准输入读取一个百分数(0~100),显示一个表内相应的计数。

    语法:

    whiptail --gauge "<test to show>" <height> <width> <inital percent>
    

    实例:

    #!/bin/bash
    {
        for ((i = 0 ; i <= 100 ; i+=20)); do
            sleep 1
            echo $i
        done
    } | whiptail --gauge "Please wait while installing" 6 60 0
    


    interactive_shell10

    本文转载自:https://www.linuxprobe.com/create-interactive-shell-script.html

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/linuxprobe/p/5371594.html
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