操作键值对文件
1 #文件db格式为 2 [section] 3 a = 1 4 b = 2 5 6 [section1] 7 d = 3 8 c = 4 9 10 import configparser 11 12 #获取所有节点 13 config = configparser.ConfigParser() 14 config.read('db') 15 ret = config.sections() 16 print(ret) 17 18 >>>['section', 'section1'] 19 20 #获取指定节点下所有的键值对 21 ret = config.items('section1') 22 print('获取键值对：',ret) 23 >>>获取键值对： [('d', '3'), ('c', '4')] 24 25 #获取所有的键 26 ret = config.options('section') 27 print('获取节点下键名称：',ret) 28 >>>获取节点下键名称： ['a', 'b'] 29 30 #获取节点下的指定key的值 31 ret =config.get('section1','c') 32 print(ret) 33 >>>4 34 35 #检查节点是否存在 36 has_sec = config.has_section('section1') 37 print(has_sec) 38 >>>True 39 40 #添加节点section2 41 config.add_section('section2') 42 config.write(open('db','w')) 43 44 #db文件当前为 45 [section] 46 a = 1 47 b = 2 48 49 [section1] 50 d = 3 51 c = 4 52 53 [section2] 54 55 #删除节点section2 56 config.remove_section('section2') 57 config.write(open('db','w')) 58 59 #当前db文件内容为 60 [section] 61 a = 1 62 b = 2 63 64 [section1] 65 d = 3 66 c = 4 67 68 #检查删除设置指定组内的键值对是否存在 69 has_opt = config.has_option('section1','c') 70 print(has_opt) 71 >>>True 72 73 #删除 74 config.remove_option('section1','c') 75 config.write(open('db','w')) 76 #当前db文件内容为 77 [section] 78 a = 1 79 b = 2 80 81 [section1] 82 d = 3 83 84 #设置更改指定值 85 config.set('section1','d','123') 86 config.write(open('db','w')) 87 #db内容 88 [section] 89 a = 1 90 b = 2 91 92 [section1] 93 d = 123 94 c = 4
1 #oo.xml文件内容 2 <data> 3 <country name="Liechtenstein"> 4 <rank updated="yes">2</rank> 5 <year>2023</year> 6 <year>2027</year> 7 <year>2027</year> 8 <gdppc>141100</gdppc> 9 <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" /> 10 <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" /> 11 </country> 12 </data> 13 14 from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET 15 16 #打开xml文件加载到内存 17 tree = ET.parse('oo.xml') 18 #获取根节点 19 root = tree.getroot() 20 21 for child in root: 22 print(child.tag,child.attrib)#child.tag,子节点标签名,子节点属性 23 for gradechild in child: 24 print(gradechild.tag,gradechild.text,gradechild.attrib) 25 26 >>>country {'name': 'Liechtenstein'} 27 >>>rank 2 {'updated': 'yes'} 28 >>>year 2023 {} 29 >>>gdppc 141100 {} 30 >>>neighbor None {'direction': 'E', 'name': 'Austria'} 31 >>>neighbor None {'direction': 'W', 'name': 'Switzerland'} 32 33 #两种方法读取xml文件直接解析,tree对象是ElementTree对象 34 tree = ET.parse('oo.xml') 35 root = tree.getroot() 36 37 #将xml已字符串格式获得,将字符串转化为element对象,无法进行写操作 38 str_xml = open('oo.xml','r').read() 39 root = ET.XML(str_xml) 40 41 #循环所有的year节点 42 for node in root.iter('year'): 43 #将year节点中的内容自增一 44 new_year = int (node.text) +1 45 node.text = str(new_year) 46 print(node.text) 47 >>>2024 48 >>>2027 49 >>>2027 50 #设置属性 51 node.set('name','alex') 52 node.set('age','18') 53 print(node.attrib) 54 >>>{'age': '18', 'name': 'alex'} 55 >>>{'age': '18', 'name': 'alex'} 56 >>>{'age': '18', 'name': 'alex'} 57 #删除属性 58 del node.attrib['name'] 59 print(node.attrib) 60 >>>{'age': '18'} 61 >>>{'age': '18'} 62 >>>{'age': '18'} 63 #保存文件 64 tree = ET.ElementTree(root) 65 tree.write("newnew.xml", encoding='utf-8')
1 #创建根节点 2 root = ET.Element('family') 3 4 #创建大儿子 5 son1 = ET.Element('son',{'name':'儿子1'}) 6 #创建二儿子 7 son2 = ET.Element('son',{'name':'儿子2'}) 8 9 #大儿子中创建两个孙子 10 grandson1 = ET.Element('grandson',{'name':'孙子1'}) 11 grandson2 = ET.Element('grandson',{'name':'孙子2'}) 12 son1.append(grandson1) 13 son2.append(grandson2) 14 15 root.append(son1) 16 root.append(son2) 17 18 tree = ET.ElementTree(root) 19 tree.write('ooo.xml',encoding = 'utf-8',short_empty_elements = False) 20 #ooo.xml文件为 21 <family><son name="儿子1"><grandson name="孙子1"></grandson></son><son name="儿子2"><grandson name="孙子2"></grandson></son></family>