通过HttpWebRequest请求与HttpWebResponse响应方式发布接口与访问接口

一、API接口的编码

1、首页的页面代码：

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        /*
         * 请求路径：http://xxxx/index.aspx?appkey=&security=&t=&method=&...
         * appkey是调用者身份码（系统分配）
         * security是当前请求安全码（安全码=MD5（Key + Method），key为系统分配或调用者自行设定）
         * t是请求模块（Member用户模块 Berth泊位模块 Transaction交易模块 Operation运维模块 Equipment设备模块 Other其他模块）
         * method是请求函数
         */
        Response.Expires = 0;//页面使用后立即过期
        Response.CacheControl = "no-cache";//设置页面不缓存在临时文件中.
        DateTime dtStart = DateTime.Now;
        if (!IsPostBack)
        {
            string strT = SZRPP.Common.SZRPPRequest.GetString("t");
            //构造分类请求转发地址
            string strHeadUrl = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[strT];
            string strQueryUrl = strT + "API/Index.aspx";
            string strReturn = "";
            string strParm = GetAllParameter();
            StreamReader sr = null;
            HttpWebResponse res = null;
            if (strT != "" && strHeadUrl != "")
            {
                try
                {
                    //请求转发
                    // HttpWebRequest 是 WebRequest 的派生类，专门用于 Http
                    HttpWebRequest req = HttpWebRequest.Create(strHeadUrl + strQueryUrl) as System.Net.HttpWebRequest;
                    //设置请求方式
                    req.Method = "POST";
                    req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
                    //写入流对象
                    StreamWriter requestWriter = new StreamWriter(req.GetRequestStream());
                    //写入请求参数
                    requestWriter.Write(strParm);
                    //释放写入流对象
                    requestWriter.Close();
                    requestWriter = null; 
                    //GetResponse 方法才真的发送请求，等待服务器返回
                    res = req.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
                    //以流的形式表示的回应内容
                    Stream str = res.GetResponseStream();
                    //将字节流包装为高级的字符流，以便于读取文本内容
                    sr = new StreamReader(str, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
                    //读取响应内容
                    strReturn = sr.ReadToEnd();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    //记录异常日志
                    SZRPP.Common.Utils.WriteLogFile("请求重定向异常：" + ex.Message + " [" + strHeadUrl + strQueryUrl + "?" + strParm + "]", "异常日志");
                }
                finally
                {
                    //关闭字符流，字符流底层的字节流将会自动关闭
                    if (sr != null)
                        sr.Close();
                    if (res != null)
                        res.Close();
                }
            }
            Response.ClearContent();
            //输出响应内容
            Response.Write(Input.LostHTML(Input.URLDecode(strReturn)));
            //TimeSpan tsTotal = DateTime.Now - dtStart;
            //SZRPP.Common.Utils.WriteLogFile("请求内容：" + strParm + "\r\n响应内容：" + strReturn + "\r\n耗时：" + tsTotal.TotalSeconds + "秒 来源：" + SZRPPRequest.GetIP() + "\r\n\r\n", "-" + DateTime.Now.Hour + strT + "响应日志", "接口监控详情");
        }
        Response.End();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 获取所有参数重新拼接
    /// </summary>
    private string GetAllParameter()
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (string strKey in Request.Params.AllKeys)
        {
            if (SZRPPRequest.GetString(strKey) != "")
            {
                if (sb.Length > 0)
                    sb.Append("&");
                sb.Append(strKey + "=" + SZRPPRequest.GetString(strKey));
            }
        }
        return sb.ToString();
    }
    
    

2、SZRPPRequest类方法（SZRPP.Common.SZRPPRequest.GetString("t")）

 /// <summary>
        /// 获得Url或表单参数的值, 先判断Url参数是否为空字符串, 如为True则返回表单参数的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">参数</param>
        /// <returns>Url或表单参数的值</returns>
        public static string GetString(string strName)
        {          
            if ("".Equals(GetQueryString(strName)))
            {
                strName =GetFormString(strName);
                return strName;
            }
            else
            {
                strName = GetQueryString(strName);
                return strName;

            }
        }

/// <summary>
        /// 获得指定Url参数的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">Url参数</param>
        /// <returns>Url参数的值</returns>
        public static string GetQueryString(string strName)
        {
            if (HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString[strName] == null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString[strName];
        }

/// <summary>
        /// 获得指定Url参数的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strName">Url参数</param>
        /// <returns>Url参数的值</returns>
        public static string GetQueryString(string strName)
        {
            if (HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString[strName] == null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            return HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString[strName];
        }

3、API目录及发布在IIS上后的访问格式：

通过浏览器访问的格式：http://10.10.40.184:6066/Index.aspx?appkey=123456&security=4564646545455&t=Berth&method=getberth

其中【Berth】为【berthAPI】目录，【getberth】为【berthAPI】目录下index.aspx.cs下的【getberth】方法

4、API返回内容页面代码的编写（如【berthAPI】目录下的【index.aspx.cs】代码：

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        APIHelper.CheckRequestSecurity();
        Response.Expires = 0;
        Response.CacheControl = "no-cache";
        Response.ClearContent();
        if (!IsPostBack)
        {
            string strMethod = SZRPPRequest.GetString("method").ToString("filtersql").ToLower();
            try
            {
                switch (strMethod)
                {
                    //2.1    获取深圳市行政区列表
                    case "getcanton":
                        GetSZCanton();
                        break;
                    //2.2    获取某行政区下片区列表
                    case "getarea":
                        GetAreaByCa();
                        break;
                    //2.3    获取某片区下路段列表
                    case "getsection":
                        GetSectionByAr();
                        break;
                    //2.4    获取某路段下泊位列表
                    case "getberthbyse":
                        GetBerthBySE();
                        break;
                    //2.5    获取附近泊位列表（多少米以内）
                    case "getbearbyberth":
                        GetBearByBerth();
                        break;
                    //2.6 获取行政区下路段列表
                    case "getsectionbyca":
                        GetSectionByCA();
                        break;
                    //2.7 获取路段的收费规则
                    case "getchargingrules":
                        GetChargingRules();
                        break;
                    case "getberth":
                        GetBerthInfo();
                        break;
              default:
                        break;
                }
            }
            catch (System.Threading.ThreadAbortException) { }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                //记录异常日志
                SZRPP.Common.Utils.WriteLogFile("BerthAPI发生异常【" + ex.TargetSite.Name + "】：" + ex.Message + " " + ex.StackTrace, "异常日志");
            }
        }
        Response.End();
    }    

 #region 获取深圳市行政区列表
    /// <summary>
    /// 获取深圳市行政区列表
    /// </summary>
    private void GetSZCanton()
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        CantonBll cantonBll = new CantonBll();
        DataTable dt = null;
        if (DataCache.GetCache("APICanton") == null)
        {
            dt = cantonBll.GetList();
            DataCache.SetCache("APICanton", dt);
        }
        else
        {
            dt = (DataTable)DataCache.GetCache("APICanton");
        }
        if (dt != null && dt.Rows.Count > 0)
        {
            sb.Append("{\"count\":" + dt.Rows.Count + ",");
            sb.Append("\"items\":");
            sb.Append("[");
            foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
            {
                sb.Append("{");
                sb.Append("\"CantonId\":\"" + dr["CantonId"].ToString() + "\",");
                sb.Append("\"CantonCode\":\"" + dr["CantonCode"].ToString() + "\",");
                sb.Append("\"CantonName\":\"" + dr["CantonName"].ToString() + "\",");
                sb.Append("\"CantonLat\":\"" + dr["CantonLat"].ToString() + "\",");
                sb.Append("\"CantonLng\":\"" + dr["CantonLng"].ToString() + "\",");
                sb.Append("\"BerthNums\":\"" + dr["BerthNums"].ToString() + "\"");
                sb.Append("},");
            }
            sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
            sb.Append("]}");
            APIHelper.ReturnData(APIHelper.ReturnStatus.成功, "success", "成功", sb.ToString());
        }
        else
        {
            APIHelper.ReturnData(APIHelper.ReturnStatus.失败, "no_data", "没有行政区", "");
        }
    }
    #endregion

#region 单泊位查询
    /// <summary>
    /// 单泊位信息查询
    /// </summary>
    private void GetBerthInfo()
    {
        //泊位编号
        string strBerthCode = SZRPPRequest.GetString("berthcode").ToString("filtersql");
        BerthBll berthBll = new BerthBll();
        DataTable dtBerth = berthBll.GetBerthInfo(strBerthCode);
        if (dtBerth != null && dtBerth.Rows.Count > 0)
        {
            DataRow dr = dtBerth.Rows[0];
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            //泊位编号
            sb.Append("{\"berthcode\":\"" + dr["BerthCode"].ToString() + "\"");
            //片区
            sb.Append(",\"areaid\":\"" + dr["AreaId"].ToString() + "\"");
            //行政区
            sb.Append(",\"cantonid\":\"" + dr["CantonId"].ToString() + "\"");
            //泊位状态
            sb.Append(",\"berthstatus\":\"" + dr["BerthStatus"].ToString() + "\"");
            //经度
            sb.Append(",\"berthlongitude\":\"" + dr["BerthLongitude"].ToString() + "\"");
            //纬度
            sb.Append(",\"berthlatitude\":\"" + dr["BerthLatitude"].ToString() + "\"");
            //停车状态
            sb.Append(",\"parkstatus\":\"" + dr["ParkStatus"].ToString() + "\"}");

            APIHelper.ReturnData(APIHelper.ReturnStatus.成功, "success", "成功", sb.ToString());
        }
        else
            APIHelper.ReturnData(APIHelper.ReturnStatus.失败, "berth_not_exist", "抱歉，您输入的泊位号不存在", "");

    }
    #endregion

    #region 获取所有的行政区和片区

    private void GetCantonAndArea()
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        #region 获取行政区

        DataTable dtCanton = null;
        if (DataCache.GetCache("APICanton") == null)
        {
            CantonBll cantonBll = new CantonBll();
            dtCanton = cantonBll.GetList();
            DataCache.SetCache("APICanton", dtCanton);
        }
        else
        {
            dtCanton = (DataTable)DataCache.GetCache("APICanton");
        }

        #endregion

        #region 获取片区

        DataTable dtArea = null;
        if (DataCache.GetCache("APIArea") == null)
        {
            AreaBll areaBll = new AreaBll();
            dtArea = areaBll.GetAreaList();
            DataCache.SetCache("APIArea", dtArea);
        }
        else
        {
            dtArea = (DataTable)DataCache.GetCache("APIArea");
        }

        #endregion

        if (dtCanton != null && dtCanton.Rows.Count > 0)
        {
            if (dtArea != null && dtArea.Rows.Count > 0)
            {
                sb.Append("{\"cantons\":");
                sb.Append("[");
                foreach (DataRow dr in dtCanton.Rows)
                {
                    sb.Append("{");
                    sb.Append("\"CantonId\":\"" + dr["CantonId"].ToString() + "\",");
                    sb.Append("\"CantonName\":\"" + dr["CantonName"].ToString() + "\"");
                    sb.Append("},");
                }
                sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
                sb.Append("],");

                sb.Append("\"areas\":");
                sb.Append("[");
                foreach (DataRow dr in dtArea.Rows)
                {
                    sb.Append("{");
                    sb.Append("\"AreaId\":\"" + dr["AreaId"].ToString() + "\",");
                    sb.Append("\"CantonId\":\"" + dr["CantonId"].ToString() + "\",");
                    sb.Append("\"AreaName\":\"" + dr["AreaName"].ToString() + "\"");
                    sb.Append("},");
                }
                sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
                sb.Append("]}");

                APIHelper.ReturnData(APIHelper.ReturnStatus.成功, "success", "成功", sb.ToString());
            }
            else
            {
                APIHelper.ReturnData(APIHelper.ReturnStatus.失败, "no_Area", "没有片区数据", "");
            }
        }
        else
        {
            APIHelper.ReturnData(APIHelper.ReturnStatus.失败, "no_Canton", "没有行政区数据", "");
        }
    }

    #endregion

二、接口的请求

       
　　　　 private readonly string url = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["API"];
        private readonly string versontype = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["versontype"];
        private readonly string appkey = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["appkey"];
        private readonly string security = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["security"];

　　　　 public ActionResult Login()
        {
            string login = SZRTCRequest.GetString("login").ToString("filtersql");
            string up = SZRTCRequest.GetString("up").ToString("filtersql");
            string lastUrl = SZRTCRequest.GetString("u");
            string safeCode = SZRTCRequest.GetString("safeCode").ToString("filtersql");
           
            Session["Login"] = null;
            ViewBag.LastUrl = lastUrl.ToString();//记录session失效前最后一次访问路径
            if (!Request.IsAjaxRequest())
            {
                return View();
            }
                Dictionary<string, object> dic=null;
                string strJson = "";
             try
             {
                 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                 sb.Append(url);
                 sb.Append("MemberAPI/Index.aspx?versontype=" + versontype);
                 sb.Append("&appkey="+appkey);
                 sb.Append("&security=" + oldsecurity);
                 sb.Append("&t=Member&method=login&mobileno=" + login + "&pwd=" + MD5_SHA.EncryptPassword(up));
                 sb.Append("&sign="+sign);

                 strJson = CommonLogic.GetJsonStr(sb.ToString());

                 var jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
                 dic = (Dictionary<string, object>)jss.DeserializeObject(strJson);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Utils.WriteLogFile("调用Login方法时报错，错误信息：" + ex.Message, "登录异常");
                }
               
                if (dic != null)
                {
                    int status = int.Parse(dic["status"].ToString());
                    string msg = dic["msg"].ToString();
                    if (status == 1)
                    {
                        object data = dic["data"];
                        Session["Login"] = data;
                    }

                    return Content(strJson);
                }
                else
                {
                    return Content("-1");

                }
        }
    
    
     /// <summary>
        /// 根据路径返回json字符
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">调用接口路径</param>
        /// <returns>返回json字符</returns>
        public static string GetJsonStr(string url)
        {
            string message = "";
            string strJson = "";
            try
            {
                HttpWebRequest req = null;
                HttpWebResponse webResp = null;
                req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
                req.Method = "POST"; // Post method
                req.ContentType = "text/html"; // content type
                StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(req.GetRequestStream());
                writer.WriteLine(message);
                writer.Close();
                webResp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
                Stream answer = webResp.GetResponseStream();
                StreamReader answerData = new StreamReader(answer, Encoding.UTF8);
                strJson = answerData.ReadToEnd();
                
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Utils.WriteLogFile("接口调用出现异常，异常信息："+ex.Message,"接口调用异常");
            }
            return strJson;
        }