• linux 10201 ASM RAC 安装+升级到10205


    准备环境的时 ,要4个对外IP,2个对内IP

    不超过2T,,一般都用OCFS

    高端存储适合用ASM

    linux10G安装的时候,安装的机器时间要小于等于(如果是等于要严格等于)第二个机器的时间(只有linux 10G会有这个问题),不然会报错,拷贝空值什么的。

     

    出现此错误,说明是时间问题,

    hosts里面要注意的地方:

    1)127.0.0.1 那一行不能删除。

    2)主机名要小写,不能大写。

    3)不能加下划线。

    1.安装系统,把所有的开发包全部安装上

    关掉防火墙和SELinux

    yum -y install compat-libstdc++* 
    yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel* 
    yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel-static* 
    yum -y install gcc* 
    yum -y install gcc-c++* 
    yum -y install glibc* 
    yum -y install glibc-common* 
    yum -y install glibc-devel* 
    yum -y install glibc-headers* 
    yum -y install kernel-headers* 
    yum -y install ksh* 
    yum -y install libaio* 
    yum -y install libaio-devel* 
    yum -y install libgcc* 
    yum -y install libgomp* 
    yum -y install libstdc++* 
    yum -y install libstdc++-devel* 
    yum -y install make* 
    yum -y install sysstat* 
    yum -y install unixODBC* 
    yum -y install unixODBC-devel* 
    yum -y install libXp*

    2.配置核心参数

    vi /etc/sysctl.conf

    kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
    fs.file-max = 65536
    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
    net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
    net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
    net.core.wmem_default = 262144
    net.core.wmem_max = 262144
    kernel.shmmni = 4096
    kernel.sem = 500 64000 100 128
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
    net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1

    修改完执行此命令 : sysctl -p

    vi  /etc/profile 
    if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
    ulimit -p 16384
    ulimit -n 65536
    else
    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
    fi
    之后,执行:$ulimit验证一下.

    vi  /etc/csh.login
    if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then
    limit maxproc 16384
    limit descriptors 65536
    umask 022
    endif

    vi /etc/pam.d/login
    session    required     pam_limits.so


    vi /etc/security/limits.conf
    oracle  soft     nofile 655360
    oracle  hard     nofile 635360
    oracle  soft    nproc   10240
    oracle  hard    nproc   16384

    3.配置网络
    127.0.0.1     linux1 localhost.localdomain localhost
    需要将其删除成如下(注意上面的linux1被删除): 
    127.0.0.1     localhost.localdomain localhost
    如果 RAC 节点名出现在回送地址中,您在 RAC 安装期间将接收到以下错误信息: 
    ORA-00603:ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error
    或 
    ORA-29702:error occurred in Cluster Group Service operation

    在RAC1中,需要配置两个网段(RAC2也一样)

    192.168.56.101 是公有网段

    10.10.10.11 是私有网段

    在RAC1中,配置两个文件可以达到修改IP的目的(RAC2中也如此类似操作)

    vi  /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

    DEVICE=eth0
    BOOTPROTO=none
    HWADDR=08:00:27:65:d4:be
    ONBOOT=yes
    TYPE=Ethernet
    USERCTL=no
    IPADDR=192.168.56.101
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0
    GATEWAY=192.168.56.1

    vi  /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

    DEVICE=eth1
    BOOTPROTO=static
    ONBOOT=yes
    HWADDR=08:00:27:5f:b7:85
    IPADDR=10.10.10.11
    NETMASK=255.255.255.0

    之后,重启IP,使之生效。

    service network restart

    vi /etc/hosts

    127.0.0.1  localhost.localdomain localhost
    ::1              localhost6.localdomain6  localhost6

    #rac1
    192.168.56.101 rac1
    192.168.56.111 rac1vip
    10.10.10.11    rac1priv
    #rac2
    192.168.56.102 rac2
    192.168.56.222 rac2vip
    10.10.10.22    rac2priv

    4.创建用户,用户组

    /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
    /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1200 dba
    /usr/sbin/useradd -u 555 -g oinstall -G dba oracle

    两边的用户id,组id 要一样

    mkdir -p   /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1

    mkdir -p   /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/crs
    chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
    chmod -R 775 /u01

    vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

    export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
    export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2/db_1
    export ORA_CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2/crs
    export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
    export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
    export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
    LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
    LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
    export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:$PATH

    5 . 配置互信(一定要是oracle用户,两个节点都要做。)
    /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t rsa
    /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t dsa
    把4个文件合成一个文件

    注意权限要是是644

    chmod 644 authorized_keys

    在节点RAC2进行的操作

     [oracle@RAC2 ~]$ ls -a
    .   .bash_history  .bash_profile  .emacs  .mozilla  .viminfo
    ..  .bash_logout   .bashrc        .kde    .ssh      .Xauthority


    [oracle@RAC2 ~]$ cd .ssh

    [oracle@RAC2 .ssh]$ ls
    id_dsa  id_dsa.pub  id_rsa  id_rsa.pub

    [oracle@RAC2 .ssh]$ scp id_dsa.pub rac1:/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub2
    oracle@rac1's password: 
    id_dsa.pub                                         100%  601     0.6KB/s   00:00   

    [oracle@RAC2 .ssh]$ ls
    id_dsa  id_dsa.pub  id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts

    [oracle@RAC2 .ssh]$ scp id_rsa.pub rac1:/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub2
    oracle@rac1's password: 
    id_rsa.pub

    再到RAC1节点
    cat id_dsa.pub  id_dsa.pub2  id_rsa.pub  id_rsa.pub2 > authorized_keys

    scp authorized_keys  rac2:/home/oracle/.ssh

    之后要测试一下(如果都不需要密码,得到时间后。就说明ssh 对等性配置成功。)

    [oracle@rac1 ~]$ ssh rac1 date

    [oracle@rac1 ~]$ ssh rac2 date
    Sat Sep 14 16:03:58 CST 2013

    [oracle@rac1 ~]$ ssh rac1priv date
    Sat Sep 14 16:04:59 CST 2013

    [oracle@rac1 ~]$ ssh rac2priv date
    The authenticity of host 'rac2priv (10.10.10.22)' can't be established.
    RSA key fingerprint is db:ad:62:77:5a:b5:d6:8f:c6:55:a9:64:61:9b:39:bc.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    Warning: Permanently added 'rac2priv,10.10.10.22' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
    Sat Sep 14 16:05:09 CST 2013

    [oracle@rac2 ~]$ ssh rac1 date
    Sat Sep 14 16:06:54 CST 2013


    [oracle@rac2 ~]$ ssh rac2 date
    Sat Sep 14 16:09:30 CST 2013

    [oracle@rac2 ~]$ ssh rac1priv date
    Sat Sep 14 16:09:55 CST 2013


    [oracle@rac2 ~]$ ssh rac2priv date
    The authenticity of host 'rac2priv (10.10.10.22)' can't be established.
    RSA key fingerprint is db:ad:62:77:5a:b5:d6:8f:c6:55:a9:64:61:9b:39:bc.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    Warning: Permanently added 'rac2priv,10.10.10.22' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
    Sat Sep 14 16:10:03 CST 2013

    6.创建共享裸设备

    首先在rac3和rac4添加一块共享存储盘。

    [root@rac3 ~]# fdisk -l

    Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes

    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders

    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

    Device Boot      Start         End      BlocksId  System

    /dev/sda1*           1          13      10439183  Linux

    /dev/sda2              14        10448281507+  8e  Linux LVM

    Disk /dev/sdb: 16.8 GB, 16862150656 bytes

    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2050 cylinders

    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

    Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

     

     

    [root@rac4 ~]# fdisk -l

     

    Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes

    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders

    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

     

       Device Boot      Start         End   Blocks   IdSystem

    /dev/sda1   *1          13      10439183  Linux

    /dev/sda2              14        10448281507+  8e  Linux LVM

     

    Disk /dev/sdb: 16.8 GB, 16862150656 bytes

    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2050 cylinders

    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

     

    Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

     

     

    [root@rac3 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

    Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

    content won't be recoverable.

     

     

    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2050.

    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

    and could in certain setups cause problems with:

    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

     

    Command (m for help): d

    No partition is defined yet!

     

    Command (m for help): n

    Command action

       eextended

       pprimary partition (1-4)

    p

    Partition number (1-4): 1

    First cylinder (1-2050, default 1):

    Using default value 1

    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2050, default 2050): 300m

     

    Command (m for help): n

    Command action

       eextended

       pprimary partition (1-4)

    p

    Partition number (1-4): 2

    First cylinder (301-2050, default 301):

    Using default value 301

    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (301-2050, default 2050): 600m   //注意在这里一定要注意600这个值,这里的分区取值是600-前面

                                                                                                                       // 的300  ,所以是300,而不是600

    Command (m for help): n

    Command action

       eextended

       pprimary partition (1-4)

    p

    Partition number (1-4): 3

    First cylinder (601-2050, default 601):

    Using default value 601

    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (601-2050, default 2050):

    Using default value 2050

     

    Command (m for help): w

    The partition table has been altered!

     

    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

    Syncing disks.

    [root@rac3 raw]# fdisk -l

     

    Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes

    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders

    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

     

       Device Boot      Start         End      BlocksId  System

    /dev/sda1   *1          13      10439183  Linux

    /dev/sda2              14        10448281507+  8e  Linux LVM

     

    Disk /dev/sdb: 16.8 GB, 16862150656 bytes

    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2050 cylinders

    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

     

       Device Boot      Start         End      BlocksId  System

    /dev/sdb1               1         3002409718+  83  Linux

    /dev/sdb2             301         6002409750   83  Linux

    /dev/sdb3             601        205011647125   83  Linux

     

     

     

    [root@rac4 raw]# fdisk /dev/sdb

     

    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2050.

    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

    and could in certain setups cause problems with:

    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

     

    Command (m for help): w

    The partition table has been altered!

     

    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

    Syncing disks.

    [root@rac4 raw]# fdisk -l

     

    Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes

    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders

    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

     

       Device Boot      Start         End      BlocksId  System

    /dev/sda1   *1          13      10439183  Linux

    /dev/sda2              14        10448281507+  8e  Linux LVM

     

    Disk /dev/sdb: 16.8 GB, 16862150656 bytes

    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2050 cylinders

    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

     

       Device Boot      Start         End      BlocksId  System

    /dev/sdb1               1         3002409718+  83  Linux

    /dev/sdb2             301         6002409750   83  Linux

    /dev/sdb3             601        205011647125   83  Linux

     

    [root@rac3 ~]# cd /etc/udev/rules.d

    [root@rac3 rules.d]# ls

    05-udev-early.rules  60-pcmcia.rules         90-alsa.rules

    40-multipath.rules   60-raw.rules            90-dm.rules

    50-udev.rules        60-wacom.rules          90-hal.rules

    51-hotplug.rules     61-uinput-stddev.rules  95-pam-console.rules

    60-libsane.rules     61-uinput-wacom.rules   98-kexec.rules

    60-net.rules         85-pcscd_ccid.rules     bluetooth.rules

     

     

     

    [root@rac3 rules.d]# vi 60-raw.rules

    [root@rac3 rules.d]# cat 60-raw.rules

    # Enter raw device bindings here.

    #

    # An example would be:

    #   ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

    # to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or

    #   ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"

    # to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.

     

    ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

    ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

    ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb3", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"

    KERNEL=="raw[1-9]", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0660"

     

     

    [root@rac3 rules.d]# start_udev

    Starting udev:                                             [  OK  ]

    [root@rac3 rules.d]# ls -l /dev/raw

    total 0

    crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 Sep 17 10:21 raw1

    crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 Sep 17 10:21 raw3

    crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 Sep 17 10:21 raw4

     

    [root@rac4 rules.d]# fdisk /dev/sdb

     

    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2050.

    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

    and could in certain setups cause problems with:

    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

     

    Command (m for help): w

    The partition table has been altered!

     

    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

    Syncing disks.

     

    [root@rac4 dev]# cd /etc/udev/

    [root@rac4 udev]# ls

    makedev.drules.d  scripts  udev.conf

    [root@rac4 udev]# cd rules.d

    [root@rac4 rules.d]# ls

    05-udev-early.rules  60-net.rules            61-uinput-wacom.rules  95-pam-console.rules

    40-multipath.rules   60-pcmcia.rules         85-pcscd_ccid.rules    98-kexec.rules

    50-udev.rules        60-raw.rules            90-alsa.rules          bluetooth.rules

    51-hotplug.rules     60-wacom.rules          90-dm.rules

    60-libsane.rules     61-uinput-stddev.rules  90-hal.rules

    [root@rac4 rules.d]# vi 60-raw.rules

    [root@rac4 rules.d]# more 60-raw.rules

    # Enter raw device bindings here.

    #

    # An example would be:

    #   ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

    # to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or

    #   ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"

    # to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.

     

    ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

    ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

    ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb3", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"

    KERNEL=="raw[1-9]", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0660"   //生产环境中一般都要加上这一句

     

    [root@rac4 rules.d]# start_udev

    Starting udev:[  OK  ]

    [root@rac4 rules.d]# cd /dev/raw

    [root@rac4 raw]# ls

    raw1  raw3raw4

    [root@rac4 raw]# ll

    total 0

    crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 Sep 17 10:32 raw1

    crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 Sep 17 10:32 raw3

    crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 Sep 17 10:32 raw4

     

    7,安装集群软件 

    注意:出现如下的时候,一定要注意改变一下目录的路径

     

    改成如下所示(不能放在db_1,要放在crs):

     

     

    当出现如下所示时

     

    要改成如下所示:

     

     

    当出现如下所示时

     

    要改成如下所示

     

     

    注意如下OCR和VOTE的存放方式:

     

    到下面所示,会有提示执行两个脚本,两个节点都要执行这两个脚本

    执行的顺序是:RAC3执行第一个脚本,RAC4执行第个脚本,RAC3执行第二个脚本,RAC4执行第二个脚本

     

     

    出现如下,为正常:

     

     

     

     

     

    执行上面的脚本,先别急着点OK,必须先执行以下步骤

    用root用户

    cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/crs/bin

    vi vipca加一行(两个节点都要做 )

    unset LD_ASSUME_KERNEL

     

     

     

    ./oifcfg getif    //查看是否有信息

    ./oifcfg setif -global eth0/192.168.56.0:public

    ./oifcfg setif -global eth1/10.10.10.0:cluster_interconnect

    ./vipca     //在第一个节点上做

     

     

     

     

    如果在第一个节点(第二个节点没事)出现下面所示,说明raw没有清除干净。(一定要用dd命令才能删除,不能用rm命令)

     

    ddif=/dev/zero  of=/dev/raw/raw1 bs=8192 count=100

    8,安装数据库软件

    9,升级集群软件和数据库软件

    注意:这两个软件包是是同一个。

    先升级集群软件,再升级数据库软件。

    注意下面的一定要看清楚是集群软件还是数据库软件。

     

    这里下面的是集群软件。我们选择先升级集群软件。

     

    到这一步,一定要注意看清提示上说的,按照上面的步骤来做。

     

    一定要看清楚里面说什么,不能退出。里面会提示执行脚本。

    第一个节点执行完这两个脚本,然后再到第二个节点执行两个脚本。

     

     

    10,升级完成,配监听(配完监听才能建库)

    11,建库

    dbca建库过程中, 遇到如下,注意,选 Select All

     

    注意这里下面选择的是ASM方式。

     

    注意下面这里的选择是pfile

     

    注意下面这里的选择

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liang545621/p/9416793.html
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