WCF-绑定模型(二)

    二、绑定元素

      每一个类型的绑定最重要的就是绑定元素了，每个绑定的功能特性都由绑定元素决定。BasicHttpBinding由用于编码的TextMessageEncodingBindingElement和用于httpp协议传输的HttpTransportBindingElement 构成。

NetTcpBinding由下列绑定元素组成，可以看出NetTcpBinding支持事务、二进制编码、信道安全、底层使用Tcp协议传输。

TransactionFlowBindingElement
BinaryMessageEncodingBindingElement
WindowsStreamSecurityBindingElement
TcpTransportBindingElement

  可以通绑定的CreateBindingElements方法获取当前绑定元素。

 WSHttpBinding bind = new WSHttpBinding();
 foreach (var ele in bind.CreateBindingElements())
 {
    Console.WriteLine("{0}", ele.GetType().Name);
 }

   整个绑定模型可以由下面这张图表示：

绑定元素能够创建信道管理器，再由信道管理器创建信道。信道管理器就是前面说到的信道监听器、信道工厂的简称，因为它们都继承自ChannelManagerBase。信道位于最底层，提供对消息的某种功能处理，对消息进行编码、传输是最基本的两种信道。

  三、创建自定义信道

       myChannelBase，继承信道基类ChannelBase，由一个InnerChannel表示下一个信道。所以方法都是简单输出当前类的名称，并调用下一个信道的方法来实现，本信道是打酱油的，只为看出后续绑定执行流程。

class myChannelBase:ChannelBase
    {

        public ChannelBase InnerChannel { get; private set; }
        public myChannelBase(ChannelManagerBase channelManager, ChannelBase InnerChannel)
            : base(channelManager)
        {
            this.InnerChannel = InnerChannel;
        }

        public override T GetProperty<T>()
        {
            print("GetProperty<T>");
            return InnerChannel.GetProperty<T>();
        }

        protected void print(string methodname)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", this.GetType().Name, methodname);
        }
        protected override void OnAbort()
        {
            print("OnAbort");
            InnerChannel.Abort();
        }

        protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginClose(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            print("OnBeginClose");
            return InnerChannel.BeginClose(timeout, callback, state);
        }

        protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOpen(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            print("OnBeginOpen");
            return InnerChannel.BeginOpen(timeout, callback, state);
        }

        protected override void OnClose(TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            print("OnClose");
            InnerChannel.Close(timeout);
        }

        protected override void OnEndClose(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            print("OnEndClose");
            InnerChannel.EndClose(result);
        }

        protected override void OnEndOpen(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            print("OnEndOpen");
            InnerChannel.EndOpen(result);
        }

        protected override void OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            print("OnOpen");
            InnerChannel.Open(timeout);
        }
    }

     myRequestChannel：请求信道，继承myChannelBase，并实现IRequestChannel。构造函数传入信道管理器，以及下一个信道。后面由myChannelFactory创建。

 class myRequestChannel:myChannelBase,IRequestChannel
    {
        public IRequestChannel InnerRequestChannel
        {
            get 
            {
                return (IRequestChannel)base.InnerChannel;
            }
        }
        public myRequestChannel(ChannelManagerBase channelManager, IRequestChannel InnerRequestChannel)
            : base(channelManager, (ChannelBase)InnerRequestChannel)
        {
            base.print("myRequestChannel()");
        }
        public IAsyncResult BeginRequest(Message message, TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            base.print("BeginRequest(message,timeout,callback,state)");
            return InnerRequestChannel.BeginRequest(message, timeout, callback, state);
        }

        public IAsyncResult BeginRequest(Message message, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            base.print("BeginRequest(message,callback,state)");
            return InnerRequestChannel.BeginRequest(message, callback, state);
        }

        public Message EndRequest(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            base.print("EndRequest(result)");
            return InnerRequestChannel.EndRequest(result);
        }

        public EndpointAddress RemoteAddress
        {
            get { return InnerRequestChannel.RemoteAddress; }
        }

        public Message Request(Message message, TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            base.print("Request(message,timeout)");
            return InnerRequestChannel.Request(message, timeout);
        }

        public Message Request(Message message)
        {
            base.print("Request(message)");
            return InnerRequestChannel.Request(message);
        }

        public Uri Via
        {
            get { return InnerRequestChannel.Via; }
        }
    }

    myReplyChannel：回复信到，继承myChannelBase，并实现IReplyChannel。构造函数传入信道管理器，以及下一个信道。后面由myChannelListener创建。

 class myReplyChannel:myChannelBase,IReplyChannel
    {
        public IReplyChannel InnerRepleyChannel
        {
            get
            {
               return (IReplyChannel)base.InnerChannel;
            }
        }
        public myReplyChannel(ChannelManagerBase channelManager, IReplyChannel InnerRepleyChannel)
            : base(channelManager, (ChannelBase)InnerRepleyChannel)
        {
            base.print("myReplyChannel()");
        }

        public IAsyncResult BeginReceiveRequest(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            base.print("BeginReceiveRequest(timeout, callback, state)");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.BeginReceiveRequest(timeout, callback, state);
        }

        public IAsyncResult BeginReceiveRequest(AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            base.print("BeginReceiveRequest(callback, state)");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.BeginReceiveRequest(callback, state);
        }

        public IAsyncResult BeginTryReceiveRequest(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            base.print("BeginTryReceiveRequest(timeout,callback, state)");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.BeginTryReceiveRequest(timeout,callback, state);
        }

        public IAsyncResult BeginWaitForRequest(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            base.print("BeginWaitForRequest(timeout,callback, state)");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.BeginWaitForRequest(timeout, callback, state);
        }

        public RequestContext EndReceiveRequest(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            base.print("EndReceiveRequest(result)");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.EndReceiveRequest(result);
        }

        public bool EndTryReceiveRequest(IAsyncResult result, out RequestContext context)
        {
            base.print("EndTryReceiveRequest(result,out context)");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.EndTryReceiveRequest(result, out context);
        }

        public bool EndWaitForRequest(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            base.print("EndWaitForRequest(result)");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.EndWaitForRequest(result);
        }

        public EndpointAddress LocalAddress
        {
            get { return InnerRepleyChannel.LocalAddress; }
        }

        public RequestContext ReceiveRequest(TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            base.print("ReceiveRequest(timeout)");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.ReceiveRequest(timeout);
        }

        public RequestContext ReceiveRequest()
        {
            base.print("ReceiveRequest()");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.ReceiveRequest();
        }

        public bool TryReceiveRequest(TimeSpan timeout, out RequestContext context)
        {
            base.print("TryReceiveRequest(timeout,out context)");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.TryReceiveRequest(timeout, out context);
        }

        public bool WaitForRequest(TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            base.print("WaitForRequest(timeout)");
            return InnerRepleyChannel.WaitForRequest(timeout);
        }
    }

四、自定义信道监听器
 myChannelListenerBase，自定义的信道监听器基类，最重要的作用就是在构造函数创建下一个信道监听器。

 class myChannelListenerBase<TChannel> : ChannelListenerBase<TChannel> where TChannel : class,IChannel
    {
        public IChannelListener<TChannel> InnreListener
        {
            get;
            private set;
        }
        public myChannelListenerBase(BindingContext context)
        {
            InnreListener = context.BuildInnerChannelListener<TChannel>();
        }

        protected void print(string methodname)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", this.GetType().Name, methodname);
        }

        protected override TChannel OnAcceptChannel(TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            print("OnAcceptChannel(timeout)");
            return InnreListener.AcceptChannel(timeout);
        }

        protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginAcceptChannel(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            print("OnBeginAcceptChannel(timeout,callback,state)");
            return InnreListener.BeginAcceptChannel(timeout, callback, state);
        }

        protected override TChannel OnEndAcceptChannel(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            print("OnEndAcceptChannel(result)");
            return InnreListener.EndAcceptChannel(result);
        }

        protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginWaitForChannel(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            print("OnBeginWaitForChannel(timeout,callback,state)");
            return InnreListener.BeginWaitForChannel(timeout, callback, state);
        }

        protected override bool OnEndWaitForChannel(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            print("OnEndWaitForChannel(result)");
            return InnreListener.EndWaitForChannel(result);
        }

        protected override bool OnWaitForChannel(TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            print("OnWaitForChannel(timeout)");
            return InnreListener.WaitForChannel(timeout);
        }

        public override Uri Uri
        {
            get { return InnreListener.Uri; }
        }

        protected override void OnAbort()
        {
            print("OnAbort()");
            InnreListener.Abort();
        }

        protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginClose(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            print("OnBeginClose(timeout,callback,state)");
            return InnreListener.BeginClose(timeout, callback, state);
        }

        protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOpen(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            print("OnBeginOpen(timeout,callback,state)");
            return InnreListener.BeginOpen(timeout, callback, state);
        }

        protected override void OnClose(TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            print("OnClose(timeout)");
            InnreListener.Close(timeout);
        }

        protected override void OnEndClose(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            print("OnEndClose(result)");
            InnreListener.EndClose(result);
        }

        protected override void OnEndOpen(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            print("OnEndOpen(result)");
            InnreListener.EndOpen(result);
        }

        protected override void OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            print("OnOpen(timeout)");
            InnreListener.Open(timeout);
        }
    }

myChannelListener，OnAcceptChannel方法中创建三中提到的myReplyChannel。

class myChannelListener<TChannel> : myChannelListenerBase<TChannel> where TChannel : class,IChannel
    {

        public myChannelListener(BindingContext context)
            : base(context)
        { 
        }

        protected override TChannel OnAcceptChannel(TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            print("OnAcceptChannel(timeout)");
            IReplyChannel replyCHannel = (IReplyChannel)InnreListener.AcceptChannel(timeout);
            return (new myReplyChannel(this, replyCHannel) as TChannel);
        }


        protected override TChannel OnEndAcceptChannel(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            print("OnEndAcceptChannel(result)");
            IReplyChannel replychannel= InnreListener.EndAcceptChannel(result) as IReplyChannel;
            return new myReplyChannel(this, replychannel) as TChannel;
        }

    }

五、自定信道工厂

  myChannelFactoryBase，继承自ChannelFactoryBase，工厂基类，主要作用是创建下一个信道工厂。

class myChannelFactoryBase<TChannel> : ChannelFactoryBase<TChannel>
    {
        public IChannelFactory<TChannel> InnerFactory
        {
            get;
            private set;
        }

        protected void print(string methodname)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", this.GetType().Name, methodname);
        }
        public myChannelFactoryBase(BindingContext context)
        {
            print("myChannelFactoryBase(context)");
           InnerFactory=  context.BuildInnerChannelFactory<TChannel>();
        }

        protected override TChannel OnCreateChannel(EndpointAddress address, Uri via)
        {
            print("OnCreateChannel(address,via)");
            return InnerFactory.CreateChannel(address,via);
        }

        protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOpen(TimeSpan timeout, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            print("OnBeginOpen(timeout,callback,state)");
            return InnerFactory.BeginOpen(timeout, callback, state);
        }

        protected override void OnEndOpen(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            print("OnEndOpen(result)");
            InnerFactory.EndOpen(result);
        }

        protected override void OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout)
        {
            print("OnOpen(timeout)");
            InnerFactory.Open(timeout);
        }
    }

myChannelFactory，自定义信道工厂，创建三中提到的myRequestChannel。

class myChannelFactory<TChannel> : myChannelFactoryBase<TChannel>
    {

        public myChannelFactory(BindingContext context)
            : base(context)
        {
            print("myChannelFactory(xontext)");
        }

        protected override TChannel OnCreateChannel(EndpointAddress address, Uri via)
        {
            print("OnCreateChannel(address,via)");
            IRequestChannel requestchannel = (IRequestChannel)InnerFactory.CreateChannel(address, via);
                return (TChannel)(object)new myRequestChannel(this,requestchannel);
        }

    }

六、自定义绑定元素
  myBindingElement继承BindingElement基类，通过BuildChannelFactory、BuildChannelListener方法创建myChannelFactory、BuildChannelListener

 class myBindingElement:BindingElement
    {
        protected void print(string methodname)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", this.GetType().Name, methodname);
        }
        public override IChannelFactory<TChannel> BuildChannelFactory<TChannel>(BindingContext context)
        {
            print("BuildChannelFactory<TChannel>(BindingContext context)");
            return new myChannelFactory<TChannel>(context);
        }

        public override IChannelListener<TChannel> BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(BindingContext context) 
        { 
            print("IChannelListener<TChannel> BuildChannelListener<TChannel>(BindingContext context) where TChannel : class, IChannel");
            return new myChannelListener<TChannel>(context);
        }
        public override BindingElement Clone()
        {
            return new myBindingElement();
        }

        public override T GetProperty<T>(BindingContext context)
        {
            return context.GetInnerProperty<T>();
        }
    }

七、自定义绑定

  经过前面一系列创建，接下来放大招了。myBinding，把自定义绑定元素放在绑定元素集合中的第一个位置。当服务端执行的时候，我们自定义的绑定元素啥都不干，直接调用下一个绑定元素的种种通信对象干活。

 public class myBinding:Binding
    {
        private BindingElement[] binds = new BindingElement[]
        {
          new myBindingElement(),
          new TextMessageEncodingBindingElement(),
          new HttpTransportBindingElement()
        };

        private HttpTransportBindingElement transportbind;

        public override BindingElementCollection CreateBindingElements()
        {
            transportbind = (HttpTransportBindingElement)binds[2];
            return new BindingElementCollection(binds);
        }

        public override string Scheme
        {
            get { return transportbind.Scheme; }
        }
    }

八、服务端使用自定义自定义绑定

 static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(mywcf.Calculator)))
            {
                host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(mywcf.ICalculator), new myBinding(), "http://localhost:4216");
                host.Opened += delegate { Console.WriteLine("Service Start!"); };
                host.Open();
                Console.ReadLine();
            }
        }

运行一下，控制台输出，可以看到运行步骤。先创建了信道监听器、Open、再创建自定义信道、接着Open、然后进入接受消息状态。这个和前一篇博文代码顺序一致。

九、客户端代码

 static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ChannelFactory<mywcf.ICalculator> factory = new ChannelFactory<mywcf.ICalculator>(new myBinding(), new EndpointAddress("http://localhost:4216"));
            mywcf.ICalculator client = factory.CreateChannel();
            Console.WriteLine(client.Add(1, 2));
        }

运行客户端输出，创建信道工厂、Open、创建请求信道、Open、Request发送请求。与前一章客户端代码运行顺序一致。