React---路由组件传参

一、向路由组件传递参数

                1.params参数

                            路由链接(携带参数)：<Link to='/demo/test/tom/18'}>详情</Link>

                            注册路由(声明接收)：<Route path="/demo/test/:name/:age" component={Test}/>

                            接收参数：this.props.match.params

                2.search参数

                            路由链接(携带参数)：<Link to='/demo/test?name=tom&age=18'}>详情</Link>

                            注册路由(无需声明，正常注册即可)：<Route path="/demo/test" component={Test}/>

                            接收参数：this.props.location.search

                            备注：获取到的search是urlencoded编码字符串，需要借助querystring解析

　　　　　　

                3.state参数

                            路由链接(携带参数)：<Link to={{pathname:'/demo/test',state:{name:'tom',age:18}}}>详情</Link>

                            注册路由(无需声明，正常注册即可)：<Route path="/demo/test" component={Test}/>

                            接收参数：this.props.location.state

                            备注：刷新也可以保留住参数

二、编程式路由导航

                    借助this.props.history对象上的API对操作路由跳转、前进、后退

                            -this.props.history.push()

                            -this.props.history.replace()

                            -this.props.history.goBack()

                            -this.props.history.goForward()

                            -this.props.history.go()

三、BrowserRouter与HashRouter的区别

            1.底层原理不一样：

                        BrowserRouter使用的是H5的history API，不兼容IE9及以下版本。

                        HashRouter使用的是URL的哈希值。

            2.path表现形式不一样

                        BrowserRouter的路径中没有#,例如：localhost:3000/demo/test

                        HashRouter的路径包含#,例如：localhost:3000/#/demo/test

            3.刷新后对路由state参数的影响

                        (1).BrowserRouter没有任何影响，因为state保存在history对象中。

                        (2).HashRouter刷新后会导致路由state参数的丢失！！！

            4.备注：HashRouter可以用于解决一些路径错误相关的问题。

四、代码

1. 传递参数

import React, { Component } from 'react'
import {Link,Route} from 'react-router-dom'
import Detail from './Detail'

export default class Message extends Component {
    state = {
        messageArr:[
            {id:'01',title:'消息1'},
            {id:'02',title:'消息2'},
            {id:'03',title:'消息3'},
        ]
    }
    render() {
        const {messageArr} = this.state
        return (
            <div>
                <ul>
                    {
                        messageArr.map((msgObj)=>{
                            return (
                                <li key={msgObj.id}>

                                    {/* 向路由组件传递params参数 */}
                                    {/* <Link to={`/home/message/detail/${msgObj.id}/${msgObj.title}`}>{msgObj.title}</Link> */}

                                    {/* 向路由组件传递search参数 */}
                                    {/* <Link to={`/home/message/detail/?id=${msgObj.id}&title=${msgObj.title}`}>{msgObj.title}</Link> */}

                                    {/* 向路由组件传递state参数 */}
                                    <Link to={{pathname:'/home/message/detail',state:{id:msgObj.id,title:msgObj.title}}}>{msgObj.title}</Link>

                                </li>
                            )
                        })
                    }
                </ul>
                <hr/>
                {/* 声明接收params参数 */}
                {/* <Route path="/home/message/detail/:id/:title" component={Detail}/> */}

                {/* search参数无需声明接收，正常注册路由即可 */}
                {/* <Route path="/home/message/detail" component={Detail}/> */}

                {/* state参数无需声明接收，正常注册路由即可 */}
                <Route path="/home/message/detail" component={Detail}/>

            </div>
        )
    }
}

2. 接收参数

import React, { Component } from 'react'
// import qs from 'querystring'

const DetailData = [
    {id:'01',content:'你好，中国'},
    {id:'02',content:'你好，尚硅谷'},
    {id:'03',content:'你好，未来的自己'}
]
export default class Detail extends Component {
    render() {
        console.log(this.props);

        // 接收params参数
        // const {id,title} = this.props.match.params 

        // 接收search参数
        // const {search} = this.props.location
        // const {id,title} = qs.parse(search.slice(1))

        // 接收state参数
        const {id,title} = this.props.location.state || {}

        const findResult = DetailData.find((detailObj)=>{
            return detailObj.id === id
        }) || {}
        return (
            <ul>
                <li>ID:{id}</li>
                <li>TITLE:{title}</li>
                <li>CONTENT:{findResult.content}</li>
            </ul>
        )
    }
}