工厂方法
工厂方法跟简单工厂一样、都是创建型的设计模式、他攻克了简单工厂的违背开放封闭的缺点。
故事
主人……人家做饭好累的、女仆抱着我大腿说着、自从上次把她买进家、没做了几次饭就喊累……看着她那出处可怜的眼神、罢了、再招几个女仆吧、话说还没给第一个女仆起名字、就叫‘遥’吧、后来又招了‘媛’和‘悦’、然后让她们分别仅仅做一道菜、遥做牛排、媛做红酒、悦做意大利面、这次每次我想吃牛排就直接跟遥说‘吃饭’，喝红酒就跟媛说‘吃饭’而不用说吃什么了、由于她们每一个人仅仅做一道菜、以后要再想吃别的、就再招个女仆、仅仅做一道菜、也不影响现有的女仆、这样她们也不会抱怨喽、美女围绕、喝酒吃肉、神仙快活——
------UML图
如图所看到的、原先的女仆工厂换成了女仆接口、然后有特定的女仆去做个个食物、这种优点就是、假设在加一个食物、仅仅要再加一个女仆工厂、再加个食物类即可了、不违背开放封闭原则、不像简单工厂还要改动工厂类。
代码
<span style="font-size:18px;">Public Class Form1
'女仆接口
Public Interface IMaid
Function IMakeFood() As Food '做食物的方法
End Interface
'女仆遥
Public Class YAO : Implements IMaid
Public Function IMakeFood() As Food Implements IMaid.IMakeFood
Return New Beef '返回牛排实例化的类
End Function
End Class
'女仆媛
Public Class yuan : Implements IMaid
Public Function IMakeFood() As Food Implements IMaid.IMakeFood
Return New RedWine '返回红酒实例化的类
End Function
End Class
'女仆悦
Public Class yue : Implements IMaid
Public Function IMakeFood() As Food Implements IMaid.IMakeFood
Return New Noodles '返回意大利面实例化的类
End Function
End Class
Public MustInherit Class Food '抽象食物类
Overridable Function Edible() As String '被食用的方法
End Function
End Class
Public Class Beef : Inherits Food '牛排类
Overrides Function Edible() As String
Dim str As String
str = "牛排：我被吃掉~(≧▽≦)/~啦啦啦"
Return str
End Function
End Class
Public Class RedWine : Inherits Food '红酒类
Overrides Function Edible() As String
Dim str As String
str = "红酒：我被喝掉~(≧▽≦)/~啦啦啦"
Return str
End Function
End Class
Public Class Noodles : Inherits Food '红酒类
Overrides Function Edible() As String
Dim str As String
str = "意大利面：我被我吃掉~(≧▽≦)/~啦啦啦"
Return str
End Function
End Class
'单机button
Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
Dim YAO As IMaid = New YAO '声明女仆实例化遥
Label1.Text = YAO.IMakeFood().Edible() '遥做牛排
End Sub
Private Sub Button2_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
Dim yuan As IMaid = New yuan '声明女仆实例化媛
Label1.Text = yuan.IMakeFood().Edible() '媛做牛排
End Sub
Private Sub Button3_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button3.Click
Dim yue As IMaid = New yue '声明女仆实例化悦
Label1.Text = yue.IMakeFood().Edible() '悦做牛排
End Sub
End Class
</span>实际效果
扩展
再加一个女仆樱类、加一个披萨食物类
<span style="font-size:18px;"> Public Class pizz : Inherits Food '披萨
Overrides Function Edible() As String
Dim str As String
str = "披萨：我被吃掉~(≧▽≦)/~啦啦啦"
Return str
End Function
End Class
'女仆樱
Public Class ying : Implements IMaid
Public Function IMakeFood() As Food Implements IMaid.IMakeFood
Return New pizz '返回披萨实例化的类
End Function
End Class
‘单机button加一个
Private Sub Button4_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button4.Click
Dim ying As IMaid = New ying '声明女仆实例化樱
Label1.Text = ying.IMakeFood().Edible() '樱做披萨
End Sub
</span>效果图
优点、两张图带
用设计模式之前的多对多关系、假设在加一个食物、你我他三个类都要做更改
用设计模式之后的、仅仅要知道工厂类即可了、与食物类解耦和、扩展的话就加一个食物类加一个工厂类、client调用即可
—————————————————够明显了吧—————————————————
——————————工厂方法——————————
————chenchen————