• 组合模式(Composite)_java实现


    //20210121
    写在前面:刚期末考试完,考了面向对象,里边儿有23个设计模式,我寻思着考完挨个儿实现一下,本文实现组合模式

    组合模式核心思想

    • 类似文件夹的概念,构件树形结构,树形有叶子结点和文件夹结点,文件夹结点可以包含叶子结点和文件夹结点
    • 分为两种模式
      - 透明型:所有节点构造全部相同,但是由于叶子结点没有下层结点,所以其有些方法为空,会不安全
      - 安全型:叶子结点和文件架节点构造不同,这样展示的时候需要判断节点属性,不方便调用,但是由于没有空方法,会很安全

    透明型组合模式程序源代码:

    //节点抽象父类
    /**
     * 透明模式就是把组合使用的方法放到抽象类中,不管叶子对象还是数值对象都有相同的结构
     * 这样做的好处就是叶子结点和树枝结点对于外界没有区别,他们具备完全一致的行为接口
     */
    public abstract class ComponentTransparent {
        protected String name;
    
        public ComponentTransparent(String name){
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        //增加一个叶子构件或者树枝构件
        public abstract void add(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent);
    
        //删除
        public abstract void remove(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent);
    
        //获取分支下的所有叶子构件和树枝构件
        public abstract void display(int depth);
    }
    
    
    //文件架节点实现子类
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    
    public class CompositeTransparent extends ComponentTransparent{
    
        public CompositeTransparent(String name){
            super(name);
        }
    
        //构建容器
        private ArrayList<ComponentTransparent> componentTransparentsArraylist= new ArrayList<>();
    
        @Override
        public void add(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent) {
            this.componentTransparentsArraylist.add(componentTransparent);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void remove(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent) {
            this.componentTransparentsArraylist.remove(componentTransparent);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void display(int depth) {
            //输出树形结构
            for (int i = 0;i<depth;++i){
                System.out.print("-");
            }
            System.out.println(this.name);
    
            //下级遍历
            for(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent:this.componentTransparentsArraylist){
                componentTransparent.display(depth+1);
            }
        }
    }
    
    
    //叶子节点实现子类
    public class LeafTransparent extends ComponentTransparent{
        public LeafTransparent(String name){
            super(name);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void add(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent) {
            //空实现,抛出"不支持请求"异常
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void remove(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void display(int depth) {
            //输出树形结构的叶子节点
            for (int i = 0;i<depth;++i){
                System.out.print("-");
            }
            System.out.println(this.name);
        }
    }
    

    安全型组合模式源代码:

    • 安全型中,叶子结点没有增加移除方法,方法需要自己实现,而不会在父类中指出
    //节点抽象父类
    public abstract class ComponentSafty {
        protected String name;
    
        public ComponentSafty(String name){
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        //展示
        public abstract void display(int depth);
    }
    
    
    //文件夹节点实现子类
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    
    public class CompositeSafty extends ComponentSafty{
        public CompositeSafty(String name){
            super(name);
        }
    
        private ArrayList<ComponentSafty> componentSaftyArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
    
        public void add(ComponentSafty component){
            this.componentSaftyArrayList.add(component);
        }
    
        public void remove(ComponentSafty componentSafty){
            this.componentSaftyArrayList.remove(componentSafty);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void display(int depth) {
            for (int i=0;i<depth;++i){
                System.out.print("-");
            }
    
            System.out.println(this.name);
    
            for (ComponentSafty componentSafty : componentSaftyArrayList) {
                componentSafty.display(depth+1);
            }
        }
    }
    
    //叶子结点实现子类
    public class LeafSafty extends ComponentSafty{
    
        public LeafSafty(String name){
            super(name);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void display(int depth) {
            for (int i=0;i<depth;++i){
                System.out.print("-");
            }
    
            System.out.println(this.name);
        }
    }
    
    

    测试主类程序源代码

    //测试主类
    public class Main {
        private static void transparent(){
            //创建根节点以及其子节点
            ComponentTransparent root = new CompositeTransparent("root");
            root.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf A"));
            root.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf B"));
    
            //创建第二层结点及其子节点
            ComponentTransparent branch = new CompositeTransparent("Composite X");
            branch.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf XA"));
            branch.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf XB"));
            root.add(branch);
    
            //创建第三层节点及其子结点
            ComponentTransparent branch2 = new CompositeTransparent("Composite XY");
            branch2.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf XYA"));
            branch2.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf XYB"));
            branch.add(branch2);
    
            //创建第二层结点
            root.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf C"));
    
            //常见第二层节点并删除
            ComponentTransparent leaf = new LeafTransparent("Leaf D");
            root.add(leaf);
            root.display(1);
            root.remove(leaf);
    
            for(int i =0;i<10;++i){
                System.out.print("=");
            }
            System.out.println();
            //展示
            root.display(1);
        }
    
        private static void safty(){
    //创建根节点以及其子节点
            CompositeSafty root = new CompositeSafty("root");
            root.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf A"));
            root.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf B"));
    
            //创建第二层结点及其子节点
            CompositeSafty branch = new CompositeSafty("Composite X");
            branch.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf XA"));
            branch.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf XB"));
            root.add(branch);
    
            //创建第三层节点及其子结点
            CompositeSafty branch2 = new CompositeSafty("Composite XY");
            branch2.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf XYA"));
            branch2.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf XYB"));
            branch.add(branch2);
    
            //创建第二层结点
            root.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf C"));
    
            //常见第二层节点并删除
            LeafSafty leaf = new LeafSafty("Leaf D");
            root.add(leaf);
            root.display(1);
            root.remove(leaf);
    
            for(int i =0;i<10;++i){
                System.out.print("=");
            }
            System.out.println();
            //展示
            root.display(1);
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            System.out.println("透明模式:");
            transparent();
            for(int i =0;i<10;++i){
                System.out.print("=");
            }
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("安全模式:");
            safty();
        }
    }
    
    
    • 输出如下:

    以上
    希望对大家有所帮助

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lavender-pansy/p/14307058.html
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