//20210121
写在前面:刚期末考试完,考了面向对象,里边儿有23个设计模式,我寻思着考完挨个儿实现一下,本文实现组合模式
组合模式核心思想
- 类似文件夹的概念,构件树形结构,树形有叶子结点和文件夹结点,文件夹结点可以包含叶子结点和文件夹结点
- 分为两种模式
- 透明型:所有节点构造全部相同,但是由于叶子结点没有下层结点,所以其有些方法为空,会不安全
- 安全型:叶子结点和文件架节点构造不同,这样展示的时候需要判断节点属性,不方便调用,但是由于没有空方法,会很安全
透明型组合模式程序源代码:
//节点抽象父类
/**
* 透明模式就是把组合使用的方法放到抽象类中,不管叶子对象还是数值对象都有相同的结构
* 这样做的好处就是叶子结点和树枝结点对于外界没有区别,他们具备完全一致的行为接口
*/
public abstract class ComponentTransparent {
protected String name;
public ComponentTransparent(String name){
this.name = name;
}
//增加一个叶子构件或者树枝构件
public abstract void add(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent);
//删除
public abstract void remove(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent);
//获取分支下的所有叶子构件和树枝构件
public abstract void display(int depth);
}
//文件架节点实现子类
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class CompositeTransparent extends ComponentTransparent{
public CompositeTransparent(String name){
super(name);
}
//构建容器
private ArrayList<ComponentTransparent> componentTransparentsArraylist= new ArrayList<>();
@Override
public void add(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent) {
this.componentTransparentsArraylist.add(componentTransparent);
}
@Override
public void remove(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent) {
this.componentTransparentsArraylist.remove(componentTransparent);
}
@Override
public void display(int depth) {
//输出树形结构
for (int i = 0;i<depth;++i){
System.out.print("-");
}
System.out.println(this.name);
//下级遍历
for(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent:this.componentTransparentsArraylist){
componentTransparent.display(depth+1);
}
}
}
//叶子节点实现子类
public class LeafTransparent extends ComponentTransparent{
public LeafTransparent(String name){
super(name);
}
@Override
public void add(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent) {
//空实现,抛出"不支持请求"异常
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
@Override
public void remove(ComponentTransparent componentTransparent) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
@Override
public void display(int depth) {
//输出树形结构的叶子节点
for (int i = 0;i<depth;++i){
System.out.print("-");
}
System.out.println(this.name);
}
}
安全型组合模式源代码:
- 安全型中,叶子结点没有增加移除方法,方法需要自己实现,而不会在父类中指出
//节点抽象父类
public abstract class ComponentSafty {
protected String name;
public ComponentSafty(String name){
this.name = name;
}
//展示
public abstract void display(int depth);
}
//文件夹节点实现子类
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class CompositeSafty extends ComponentSafty{
public CompositeSafty(String name){
super(name);
}
private ArrayList<ComponentSafty> componentSaftyArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
public void add(ComponentSafty component){
this.componentSaftyArrayList.add(component);
}
public void remove(ComponentSafty componentSafty){
this.componentSaftyArrayList.remove(componentSafty);
}
@Override
public void display(int depth) {
for (int i=0;i<depth;++i){
System.out.print("-");
}
System.out.println(this.name);
for (ComponentSafty componentSafty : componentSaftyArrayList) {
componentSafty.display(depth+1);
}
}
}
//叶子结点实现子类
public class LeafSafty extends ComponentSafty{
public LeafSafty(String name){
super(name);
}
@Override
public void display(int depth) {
for (int i=0;i<depth;++i){
System.out.print("-");
}
System.out.println(this.name);
}
}
测试主类程序源代码
//测试主类
public class Main {
private static void transparent(){
//创建根节点以及其子节点
ComponentTransparent root = new CompositeTransparent("root");
root.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf A"));
root.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf B"));
//创建第二层结点及其子节点
ComponentTransparent branch = new CompositeTransparent("Composite X");
branch.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf XA"));
branch.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf XB"));
root.add(branch);
//创建第三层节点及其子结点
ComponentTransparent branch2 = new CompositeTransparent("Composite XY");
branch2.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf XYA"));
branch2.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf XYB"));
branch.add(branch2);
//创建第二层结点
root.add(new LeafTransparent("Leaf C"));
//常见第二层节点并删除
ComponentTransparent leaf = new LeafTransparent("Leaf D");
root.add(leaf);
root.display(1);
root.remove(leaf);
for(int i =0;i<10;++i){
System.out.print("=");
}
System.out.println();
//展示
root.display(1);
}
private static void safty(){
//创建根节点以及其子节点
CompositeSafty root = new CompositeSafty("root");
root.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf A"));
root.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf B"));
//创建第二层结点及其子节点
CompositeSafty branch = new CompositeSafty("Composite X");
branch.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf XA"));
branch.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf XB"));
root.add(branch);
//创建第三层节点及其子结点
CompositeSafty branch2 = new CompositeSafty("Composite XY");
branch2.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf XYA"));
branch2.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf XYB"));
branch.add(branch2);
//创建第二层结点
root.add(new LeafSafty("Leaf C"));
//常见第二层节点并删除
LeafSafty leaf = new LeafSafty("Leaf D");
root.add(leaf);
root.display(1);
root.remove(leaf);
for(int i =0;i<10;++i){
System.out.print("=");
}
System.out.println();
//展示
root.display(1);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("透明模式:");
transparent();
for(int i =0;i<10;++i){
System.out.print("=");
}
System.out.println();
System.out.println("安全模式:");
safty();
}
}
- 输出如下:
以上
希望对大家有所帮助