mysql8学习笔记2-非常规安装

承接之前的常规安装，如果想把data目录迁移到别的路径下，可以这么操作：

[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql stop #首先关闭应用
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql]# mv ./data /mysql_data #然后迁移data

[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql start #启动下报错了。
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
 ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf #修改配置文件，没有就创建，设置目录
[root@localhost mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/mysql_data
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql start #启动成功
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql]# 

也可以把整个mysql路径都迁移

[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql]# cd ..
[root@localhost local]# mv mysql /mysql
[root@localhost local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  sbin  share  src
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost local]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/mysql #添加一个mysql路径
datadir=/mysql_data
[root@localhost local]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost local]# ps -ef |grep mysql
root      70568      1  0 02:01 pts/2    00:00:00 /bin/sh /mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/mysql_data --pid-file=/mysql_data/localhost.localdomain.pid
mysql     70682  70568 11 02:01 pts/2    00:00:00 /mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/mysql --datadir=/mysql_data --plugin-dir=/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/mysql_data/localhost.localdomain.pid
root      70728  11777  0 02:01 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@localhost local]# 

也可以在初始化时指定路径

[root@localhost /]# mkdir mysql8 创建新目录
[root@localhost /]# mv mysql ./mysql8/ #迁移mysql路径
[root@localhost /]# mv mysql_data ./mysql8/ #迁移mysqldata路径
[root@localhost /]# ls /mysql8/
mysql  mysql_data
[root@localhost /]# ls
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  mysql8  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@localhost /]# rm -rf ./mysql8/mysql_data/* #删除mysqldata下数据
[root@localhost /]# cd mysql8/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# pwd
/mysql8/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/mysql8/mysql --datadir=/mysql8/mysql_data & #重新初始化，指定basedir和datadir
[1] 71600
[root@localhost mysql]# 2020-06-27T10:12:02.279902Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /mysql8/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server in progress as process 71600
2020-06-27T10:12:08.432323Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: aj.+bS%6&!4m
2020-06-27T10:12:12.310996Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /mysql8/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server has completed

[1]+  Done                    bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/mysql8/mysql --datadir=/mysql8/mysql_data
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
-bash: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql: No such file or directory
[root@localhost mysql]# vim ~/.bash_profile 
[root@localhost mysql]# cat ~/.bash_profile |grep PATH
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/mysql8/mysql/bin
export PATH
[root@localhost mysql]# source ~/.bash_profile 
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
/etc/init.d/mysql: line 239: my_print_defaults: command not found
/etc/init.d/mysql: line 259: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory
Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/mysql8/mysql
datadir=/mysql8/mysql_data
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/mysql8/mysql_data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.13

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Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> alter user user() identified by 'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>