JDOM提供了非常灵活的方式操作XML文件,使用JDOM非常简单而且代码简洁可读性强。前面我们学习了如何使用JDOM解析XML文件,本节介绍如何使用JDOM修改XML文件内容。
在这个教程中,我们准备对下面的XML文件进行修改:
employees.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Employees xmlns="http://www.journaldev.com/employees">
<Employee id="1">
<age>25</age>
<name>Pankaj</name>
<gender>Male</gender>
<role>Java Developer</role>
</Employee>
<Employee id="2">
<age>34</age>
<name>Mona</name>
<gender>Female</gender>
<role>Manager</role>
</Employee>
<Employee id="3">
<age>45</age>
<name>Dave</name>
<gender>Male</gender>
<role>Support</role>
</Employee>
</Employees>
我们将改变xml中每个Employee元素:
1.修改所有name元素,使它的内容全部变成大写。
2.在gender(性别)为Male(男)的id属性值后追加M,gender(性别)为Female(女) 的id属性值后追加F。
3.删除gender元素。
4.为每个Employee元素增加salary(薪水)子元素,默认值为1000。
下面是程序代码:
JDOMXMLEditor.java
package com.journaldev.xml.jdom;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import org.jdom2.Element;
import org.jdom2.JDOMException;
import org.jdom2.Namespace;
import org.jdom2.input.SAXBuilder;
import org.jdom2.output.Format;
import org.jdom2.output.XMLOutputter;
public class JDOMXMLEditor {
public static void main(String[] args) throws JDOMException, IOException {
final Namespace ns = Namespace.getNamespace("http://www.journaldev.com/employees");
//Get the JDOM document
org.jdom2.Document doc = useSAXParser("employees.xml");
//Get list of Employee element
Element rootElement = doc.getRootElement();
List<Element> listEmpElement = rootElement.getChildren("Employee", ns);
//loop through to edit every Employee element
for (Element empElement : listEmpElement) {
//change the name to BLOCK letters
String name = empElement.getChildText("name", ns);
if (name != null)
empElement.getChild("name", ns).setText(name.toUpperCase());
//edit the ID attribute based on Gender
String gender = empElement.getChildText("gender", ns);
if (gender != null && gender.equalsIgnoreCase("female")) {
String id = empElement.getAttributeValue("id");
empElement.getAttribute("id").setValue(id + "F");
} else {
String id = empElement.getAttributeValue("id");
empElement.getAttribute("id").setValue(id + "M");
}
//remove gender element as it's not needed anymore
empElement.removeChild("gender", ns);
//add salary element with default value to every employee
empElement.addContent(new Element("salary", ns).setText("1000"));
}
//document is processed and edited successfully, lets save it in new file
XMLOutputter xmlOutputter = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat());
//output xml to console for debugging
//xmlOutputter.output(doc, System.out);
xmlOutputter.output(doc, new FileOutputStream("employees_new.xml"));
}
//Get JDOM document from SAX Parser
private static org.jdom2.Document useSAXParser(String fileName) throws JDOMException,
IOException {
SAXBuilder saxBuilder = new SAXBuilder();
return saxBuilder.build(new File(fileName));
}
}
需要注意的是上面代码使用命名空间获取所有元素,运行程序输出XML文件内容:
employees_new.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Employees xmlns="http://www.journaldev.com/employees">
<Employee id="1M">
<age>25</age>
<name>PANKAJ</name>
<role>Java Developer</role>
<salary>1000</salary>
</Employee>
<Employee id="2F">
<age>34</age>
<name>MONA</name>
<role>Manager</role>
<salary>1000</salary>
</Employee>
<Employee id="3M">
<age>45</age>
<name>DAVE</name>
<role>Support</role>
<salary>1000</salary>
</Employee>
</Employees>