答:重新实现这个窗体的closeEvent()函数,加入判断操作
void MainWindow::closeEvent(QCloseEvent *event)
{
if (maybeSave())
{
writeSettings();
event->accept();
}
else
{
event->ignore();
}
}
{
if (maybeSave())
{
writeSettings();
event->accept();
}
else
{
event->ignore();
}
}
2、如何用打开和保存文件对话
答:使用QFileDialog
QString fileName = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this);
if (!fileName.isEmpty())
{
loadFile(fileName);
}
if (!fileName.isEmpty())
{
loadFile(fileName);
}
QString fileName = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(this);
if (fileName.isEmpty())
{
return false;
}
if (fileName.isEmpty())
{
return false;
}
3、如果创建Actions(可在菜单和工具栏里使用这些Action)
答:
newAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/new.png"), tr("&New"), this);
newAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+N"));
newAct->setStatusTip(tr("Create a new file"));
connect(newAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(newFile()));
openAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/open.png"), tr("&Open"), this);
openAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+O"));
openAct->setStatusTip(tr("Open an existing file"));
connect(openAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(open()));
saveAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/save.png"), tr("&Save"), this);
saveAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+S"));
saveAct->setStatusTip(tr("Save the document to disk"));
connect(saveAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(save()));
saveAsAct = new QAction(tr("Save &As"), this);
saveAsAct->setStatusTip(tr("Save the document under a new name"));
connect(saveAsAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(saveAs()));
exitAct = new QAction(tr("E&xit"), this);
exitAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+Q"));
exitAct->setStatusTip(tr("Exit the application"));
connect(exitAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(close()));
cutAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/cut.png"), tr("Cu&t"), this);
cutAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+X"));
cutAct->setStatusTip(tr("Cut the current selection's contents to the "
"clipboard"));
connect(cutAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), textEdit, SLOT(cut()));
copyAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/copy.png"), tr("&Copy"), this);
copyAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+C"));
copyAct->setStatusTip(tr("Copy the current selection's contents to the "
"clipboard"));
connect(copyAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), textEdit, SLOT(copy()));
pasteAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/paste.png"), tr("&Paste"), this);
pasteAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+V"));
pasteAct->setStatusTip(tr("Paste the clipboard's contents into the current "
"selection"));
connect(pasteAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), textEdit, SLOT(paste()));
aboutAct = new QAction(tr("&About"), this);
aboutAct->setStatusTip(tr("Show the application's About box"));
connect(aboutAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(about()));
aboutQtAct = new QAction(tr("About &Qt"), this);
aboutQtAct->setStatusTip(tr("Show the Qt library's About box"));
connect(aboutQtAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), qApp, SLOT(aboutQt()));
newAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+N"));
newAct->setStatusTip(tr("Create a new file"));
connect(newAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(newFile()));
openAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/open.png"), tr("&Open"), this);
openAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+O"));
openAct->setStatusTip(tr("Open an existing file"));
connect(openAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(open()));
saveAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/save.png"), tr("&Save"), this);
saveAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+S"));
saveAct->setStatusTip(tr("Save the document to disk"));
connect(saveAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(save()));
saveAsAct = new QAction(tr("Save &As"), this);
saveAsAct->setStatusTip(tr("Save the document under a new name"));
connect(saveAsAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(saveAs()));
exitAct = new QAction(tr("E&xit"), this);
exitAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+Q"));
exitAct->setStatusTip(tr("Exit the application"));
connect(exitAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(close()));
cutAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/cut.png"), tr("Cu&t"), this);
cutAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+X"));
cutAct->setStatusTip(tr("Cut the current selection's contents to the "
"clipboard"));
connect(cutAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), textEdit, SLOT(cut()));
copyAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/copy.png"), tr("&Copy"), this);
copyAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+C"));
copyAct->setStatusTip(tr("Copy the current selection's contents to the "
"clipboard"));
connect(copyAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), textEdit, SLOT(copy()));
pasteAct = new QAction(QIcon(":/images/paste.png"), tr("&Paste"), this);
pasteAct->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+V"));
pasteAct->setStatusTip(tr("Paste the clipboard's contents into the current "
"selection"));
connect(pasteAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), textEdit, SLOT(paste()));
aboutAct = new QAction(tr("&About"), this);
aboutAct->setStatusTip(tr("Show the application's About box"));
connect(aboutAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(about()));
aboutQtAct = new QAction(tr("About &Qt"), this);
aboutQtAct->setStatusTip(tr("Show the Qt library's About box"));
connect(aboutQtAct, SIGNAL(triggered()), qApp, SLOT(aboutQt()));
4、如果创建主菜单
答:采用上面的QAction的帮助,创建主菜单
fileMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&File"));
fileMenu->addAction(newAct);
fileMenu->addAction(openAct);
fileMenu->addAction(saveAct);
fileMenu->addAction(saveAsAct);
fileMenu->addSeparator();
fileMenu->addAction(exitAct);
editMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&Edit"));
editMenu->addAction(cutAct);
editMenu->addAction(copyAct);
editMenu->addAction(pasteAct);
menuBar()->addSeparator();
helpMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&Help"));
helpMenu->addAction(aboutAct);
helpMenu->addAction(aboutQtAct);
fileMenu->addAction(newAct);
fileMenu->addAction(openAct);
fileMenu->addAction(saveAct);
fileMenu->addAction(saveAsAct);
fileMenu->addSeparator();
fileMenu->addAction(exitAct);
editMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&Edit"));
editMenu->addAction(cutAct);
editMenu->addAction(copyAct);
editMenu->addAction(pasteAct);
menuBar()->addSeparator();
helpMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&Help"));
helpMenu->addAction(aboutAct);
helpMenu->addAction(aboutQtAct);
5、如果创建工具栏
答:采用上面的QAction的帮助,创建工具栏
fileToolBar = addToolBar(tr("File"));
fileToolBar->addAction(newAct);
fileToolBar->addAction(openAct);
fileToolBar->addAction(saveAct);
editToolBar = addToolBar(tr("Edit"));
editToolBar->addAction(cutAct);
editToolBar->addAction(copyAct);
editToolBar->addAction(pasteAct);
fileToolBar->addAction(newAct);
fileToolBar->addAction(openAct);
fileToolBar->addAction(saveAct);
editToolBar = addToolBar(tr("Edit"));
editToolBar->addAction(cutAct);
editToolBar->addAction(copyAct);
editToolBar->addAction(pasteAct);
6、如何使用配置文件保存配置
答:使用QSettings类
QSettings settings("Trolltech", "Application Example");
QPoint pos = settings.value("pos", QPoint(200, 200)).toPoint();
QSize size = settings.value("size", QSize(400, 400)).toSize();
QSettings settings("Trolltech", "Application Example");
settings.setValue("pos", pos());
settings.setValue("size", size());
QPoint pos = settings.value("pos", QPoint(200, 200)).toPoint();
QSize size = settings.value("size", QSize(400, 400)).toSize();
QSettings settings("Trolltech", "Application Example");
settings.setValue("pos", pos());
settings.setValue("size", size());
7、如何使用警告、信息等对话框
答:使用QMessageBox类的静态方法
int ret = QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Application"),
tr("The document has been modified.\n"
"Do you want to save your changes?"),
QMessageBox::Yes | QMessageBox::Default,
QMessageBox::No,
QMessageBox::Cancel | QMessageBox::Escape);
if (ret == QMessageBox::Yes)
return save();
else if (ret == QMessageBox::Cancel)
return false;
tr("The document has been modified.\n"
"Do you want to save your changes?"),
QMessageBox::Yes | QMessageBox::Default,
QMessageBox::No,
QMessageBox::Cancel | QMessageBox::Escape);
if (ret == QMessageBox::Yes)
return save();
else if (ret == QMessageBox::Cancel)
return false;
8、如何使通用对话框中文化
答:对话框的中文化
比 如说,QColorDialog的与文字相关的部分,主要在qcolordialog.cpp文件中,我们可以从qcolordialog.cpp用 lupdate生成一个ts文件,然后用自定义这个ts文件的翻译,再用lrelease生成一个.qm文件,当然了,主程序就要改变要支持多国语言了, 使用这个.qm文件就可以了。
另外,还有一个更快的方法,在源代码解开后有一个目录translations,下面有一些.ts, .qm文件,我们拷贝一个:
cp src/translations/qt_untranslated.ts ./qt_zh_CN.ts
然 后,我们就用Linguist打开这个qt_zh_CN.ts,进行翻译了,翻译完成后,保存后,再用lrelease命令生成qt_zh_CN.qm, 这样,我们把它加入到我们的qt project中,那些系统的对话框,菜单等等其它的默认是英文的东西就能显示成中文了。
9、在Windows下Qt里为什么没有终端输出?
答:把下面的配置项加入到.pro文件中
win32:CONFIG += console
10、Qt 4 for X11 OpenSource版如何静态链接?
答:编译安装的时候加上-static选项
./configure -static //一定要加static选项
gmake
gmake install
然后,在Makefile文件中加 static 选项或者在.pro文件中加上QMAKE_LFLAGS += -static,就可以连接静态库了。
11、想在源代码中直接使用中文,而不使用tr()函数进行转换,怎么办?
答:在main函数中加入下面三条语句,但并不提倡
QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(QTextCodec::codecForName("UTF-8"));
QTextCodec::setCodecForCStrings(QTextCodec::codecForName("UTF-8"));
QTextCodec::setCodecForTr(QTextCodec::codecForName("UTF-8"));
或者QTextCodec::setCodecForCStrings(QTextCodec::codecForName("UTF-8"));
QTextCodec::setCodecForTr(QTextCodec::codecForName("UTF-8"));
QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK"));
QTextCodec::setCodecForCStrings(QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK"));
QTextCodec::setCodecForTr(QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK"));
QTextCodec::setCodecForCStrings(QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK"));
QTextCodec::setCodecForTr(QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK"));
使用GBK还是使用UTF-8,依源文件中汉字使用的内码而定
这样,就可在源文件中直接使用中文,比如:
QMessageBox::information(NULL, "信息", "关于本软件的演示信息", QMessageBox::Ok, QMessageBox::NoButtons);
12、为什么将开发的使用数据库的程序发布到其它机器就连接不上数据库?
答:这是由于程序找不到数据库插件而致,可照如下解决方法:
在main函数中加入下面语句:
QApplication::addLibraryPath(strPluginsPath");
strPluginsPath是插件所在目录,比如此目录为/myapplication/plugins
则将需要的sql驱动,比如qsqlmysql.dll, qsqlodbc.dll或对应的.so文件放到
/myapplication/plugins/sqldrivers/
目录下面就行了
这是一种解决方法,还有一种通用的解决方法,即在可执行文件目录下写qt.conf文件,把系统相关的一些目录配置写到qt.conf文件里,详细情况情参考Qt Document Reference里的qt.conf部分
13、如何创建QT使用的DLL(.so)以及如何使用此DLL(.so)
答:创建DLL时其工程使用lib模板
TEMPLATE=lib
而源文件则和使用普通的源文件一样,注意把头文件和源文件分开,因为在其它程序使用此DLL时需要此头文件
在使用此DLL时,则在此工程源文件中引入DLL头文件,并在.pro文件中加入下面配置项:
LIBS += -Lyourdlllibpath -lyourdlllibname
Windows下和Linux下同样(Windows下生成的DLL文件名为yourdlllibname.dll而在Linux下生成的为libyourdlllibname.so
14、如何启动一个外部程序
答:可使用QProcess和QThread这两个类结合使用的方法来处理,以防止在主线程中调用而导致阻塞的情况
先从QThread继承一个类,重新实现run()函数:
class MyThread : public QThread
{
public:
void run();
};
void MyThread::run()
{
QProcess::execute("notepad.exe");
}
{
public:
void run();
};
void MyThread::run()
{
QProcess::execute("notepad.exe");
}
这样,在使用的时候则可定义一个MyThread类型的成员变量,使用时调用其start()方法:
class
{..
MyThread thread;
};
thread.start();
{..
MyThread thread;
};
thread.start();
15、如何打印报表
答: Qt目前对报表打印支持的库还很少,不过有种变通的方法,就是使用XML+XSLT+XSL-FO来进行报表设计,XML输出数据,用XSLT将XML数 据转换为XSL-FO格式的报表,由于现在的浏览器不直接支持XSL-FO格式的显示,所以暂时可用工具(Apache FOP, Java做的)将XSL-FO转换为PDF文档来进行打印,转换和打印由FOP来做,生成XSL-FO格式的报表可以由Qt来生成,也可以由其它内容转换 过来,比如有工具(html2fo)将HTML转换为XSL-FO。
16、如何在系统托盘区显示图标
答:在4.2及其以上版本中使用QSystemTrayIcon类来实现
转自:QT中文论坛