• 理解并测试什么是Android事件分发


    一、什么是事件分发

    所谓事件分发,就是将一次完整的点击所包含的点击事件传递到某个具体的View或ViewGroup,让该View或该ViewGroup处理它(消费它)。分发是从上往下(父到子)依次传递的,其中可能经过的对象有最上层Activity,中间层ViewGroup,最下层View。

    二、Activity的层次结构

    源码查找:
    1.自己的Activity的setContentView()方法

     @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_event_distribution);
        }
    

    2.跳转到Activity.java的setContentView()方法,可以看到,调用了getWindow()的方法

      public void setContentView(@LayoutRes int layoutResID) {
            getWindow().setContentView(layoutResID);
            initWindowDecorActionBar();
        }
    

    3.Activity.java的mWindow来自PhoneWindow

     mWindow = new PhoneWindow(this, window, activityConfigCallback);
    

    4.PhoneWindow.java-->setContentView()--> installDecor(),在PhoneWindow中调用了installDecor()方法

      @Override
        public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
            // Note: FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS may be set in the process of installing the window
            // decor, when theme attributes and the like are crystalized. Do not check the feature
            // before this happens.
            if (mContentParent == null) {
                installDecor(); //继续执行
            } else if (!hasFeature(FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS)) {
                mContentParent.removeAllViews();
            }
    ..................
    

    5.PhoneWindow.java-->setContentView()--> installDecor()--> generateLayout(mDecor),在 installDecor()中又继续执行了generateLayout(mDecor)方法。

     mContentParent = generateLayout(mDecor);
    

    6.PhoneWindow.java-->generateLayout()

    ViewGroup generateLayout(DecorView decor)
    

    7.PhoneWindow.java-->generateLayout()--> int layoutResource,layoutResource根据不同情况,返回不同的资源文件,也就是布局文件。

      int layoutResource;
    

    8.PhoneWindow.java-->generateLayout()-->R.layout.screen_title; 拿出一个常用的布局文件,screen_title.xml

     layoutResource = R.layout.screen_title;
    

    9.screen_title.xml的代码, ViewStub是用来显示ActionBar的,另外两个FrameLayout,一个显示TitleView,一个显示ContentView,平时写的内容,正是ContentView

    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:fitsSystemWindows="true">
        <!-- Popout bar for action modes -->
        <ViewStub android:id="@+id/action_mode_bar_stub"
                  android:inflatedId="@+id/action_mode_bar"
                  android:layout="@layout/action_mode_bar"
                  android:layout_width="match_parent"
                  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                  android:theme="?attr/actionBarTheme" />
        <FrameLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent" 
            android:layout_height="?android:attr/windowTitleSize"
            style="?android:attr/windowTitleBackgroundStyle">
            <TextView android:id="@android:id/title" 
                style="?android:attr/windowTitleStyle"
                android:background="@null"
                android:fadingEdge="horizontal"
                android:gravity="center_vertical"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent" />
        </FrameLayout>
        <FrameLayout android:id="@android:id/content"
            android:layout_width="match_parent" 
            android:layout_height="0dip"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:foregroundGravity="fill_horizontal|top"
            android:foreground="?android:attr/windowContentOverlay" />
    </LinearLayout>
    

    如以下结构图:

    image.png

    三、事件分发涉及到的主要方法

    涉及到的方法

    	@Override
        public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            //分发事件
            return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            //拦截事件
            return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
            //消费事件
            return super.onTouchEvent(event);
        }
    

    Activity涉及到的方法:dispatchTouchEvent()、onTouchEvent()

    ViewGroup涉及到的方法:dispatchTouchEvent()、onInterceptTouchEvent()

    View涉及到的方法:dispatchTouchEvent()、onTouchEvent()

    四、事件分发流程

    1.Activity把事件分发到ViewGroup

    (1)事件传递

    每一次事件分发,都是从dispatchTouchEvent()开始的。

    1)查看Activity的源码,调用了getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)

    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                onUserInteraction();
            }
            if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
                return true;
            }
            return onTouchEvent(ev);
        }
    

    2)在Activity.java中可以看到,所以getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)实际上是调用了PhoneWindow.java中的superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)方法。

     public Window getWindow() {
            return mWindow;
        }
    
     mWindow = new PhoneWindow(this, window, activityConfigCallback); //mWindow的定义
    

    3)然后再看PhoneWindow.java中的superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)方法,是调用DecorView.java的mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event)

      @Override
        public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
            return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);
        }
    

    4)而DecorView是继承FrameLayout,再继承ViewGroup的

    private DecorView mDecor; //实例对象
    class DecorView extends FrameLayout; //继承FrameLayout
     FrameLayout extends ViewGroup; //继承ViewGroup
    

    5)从上面四步来分析,Avtivity的getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent()方法最后调用的是ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()方法,从而实现了事件从Activity的dispatchTouchEvent()向下传递到ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()方法。

    (2)总结

    6)返回值分析。

    • 如果Avtivity的getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent()返回true,则Avtivity的dispatchTouchEvent(),也会返回true,表示点击事件顺利分发给ViewGroup,由ViewGroup继续进行下一层的分发,Avtivity的分发任务结束。
    • 如果返回false,表示此次点击事件由Avtivity层消费,会执行Avtivity的onTouchEvent(),无论onTouchEvent()这个方法返回的是true或者false,本次的事件分发都结束了。

    (3)流程图

    事件分发.png

    2.ViewGroup把事件分发到ViewGroup或View

    (1)事件拦截

    ViewGroup.java中的部分代码
    ViewGroup-->dispatchTouchEvent()

    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {  			
    				if (!disallowIntercept) {
                        intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                        ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
                    } else {
                        intercepted = false;
                    }
     }
    

    方法中使用了onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)方法

    • 如果返回true,则表示ViewGroup拦截此次事件。
    • 如果返回false,则表示ViewGroup不拦截,事件继续往下分发。
    • onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)默认返回不拦截,可以在ViewGroup中重写改方法来拦截事件。
    • 不拦截事件,则会调用ViewGroup的onTouchEvent()来处理点击事件,把事件消费掉。

    (2)分发

    这个源码中,使用到了intercepted这个变量,主要作用是来遍历子ViewGroup和View,

    • 当intercepted为false的时候,遍历子ViewGroup和子View,因为这个事件没有被消费掉,继续分发到子ViewGroup和子View。
    • 当intercepted为true的时候,该事件已经被消费,不会继续往下分发,也不会遍历子ViewGroup和子View,也不会执行if语句里面的方法。
    • 进入if语句中判断点击事件的触摸范围(焦点)是否属于某个子ViewGroup或者子View。
    • 如果触摸范围属于子View,则调用子View的dispatchTouchEvent()方法。
    • 如果触摸范围属于子ViewGroup,则继续遍历下一层的ViewGroup或者View。
    • 遍历到最下层的View,还是找不到消费此处事件的View,则依次回调上一层的ViewGroup的onTouchEvent()方法,直到回调到Activity的onTouchEvent()方法。
     			// Check for interception.
                final boolean intercepted;
    
    			if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
    
                    // If the event is targeting accessibility focus we give it to the
                    // view that has accessibility focus and if it does not handle it
                    // we clear the flag and dispatch the event to all children as usual.
                    // We are looking up the accessibility focused host to avoid keeping
                    // state since these events are very rare.
                    View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
                            ? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;
    

    (3)流程图

    ViewGroup事件分发.png

    3.View的事件分发

    (1)分析

    View的dispatchTouchEvent()的源码

     public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
            // If the event should be handled by accessibility focus first.
            if (event.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()) {
                // We don't have focus or no virtual descendant has it, do not handle the event.
                if (!isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
                    return false;
                }
                // We have focus and got the event, then use normal event dispatch.
                event.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
            }
    
            boolean result = false;
    
            if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
                mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(event, 0);
            }
    
            final int actionMasked = event.getActionMasked();
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                // Defensive cleanup for new gesture
                stopNestedScroll();
            }
    
            if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
                if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
                    result = true;
                }
                //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
                ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
                if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
                        && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
                        && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
                    result = true;
                }
    
                if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
                    result = true;
                }
            }
    
            if (!result && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
                mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(event, 0);
            }
    
            // Clean up after nested scrolls if this is the end of a gesture;
            // also cancel it if we tried an ACTION_DOWN but we didn't want the rest
            // of the gesture.
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP ||
                    actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL ||
                    (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && !result)) {
                stopNestedScroll();
            }
    
            return result;
        }
    
    
    • 在View的dispatchTouchEvent()方法中首先会调用onTouch()方法,如果onTouch()方法能够消费该事件,就会直接返回True,从而直接结束View的dispatchTouchEvent()方法,不再执行onTouchEvent()方法;
    • 如果onTouch()方法不能消费该事件,就会返回False,从而继续执行onTouchEvent``()方法。
    • 如果onTouchEvent()能够消费该事件,就会返回True从而直接结束dispatchTouchEvent()方法。
    • 如果onTouchEvent()方法也不能消费该事件,就会返回默认的False从而回调到上一层ViewGroup的onTouchEvent()方法,直到回调到Activity的onTouchEvent``()方法。

    (2)流程图

    View的事件分发.png

    五、具体例子

    (0)测试代码

    共有三种类型和四个测试代码

    Activity:EventDistributionActivity

    ViewGroup:EventDistributionLinearLayout1、EventDistributionLinearLayout2

    View:EventDistributionButton

    分别代码:
    EventDistributionActivity.java

    public class EventDistributionActivity extends BaseActivity {
        Button mBtn;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_event_distribution);
            mBtn = findViewById(R.id.btn);
            OnClick();
        }
    
        public void OnClick() {
            mBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Log.v("showLog", "按钮被点击!");
                }
            });
    
            mBtn.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
                @Override
                public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
                    boolean dis = false;
                    Log.v("showLog", "Button.Touch()=" + dis);
                    return dis;
                }
            });
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            //分发事件
            boolean dis = super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
            Log.v("showLog", "Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
            //处理事件
            boolean dis = super.onTouchEvent(event);
            Log.v("showLog", "Activity.onTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
    
    }
    
    

    EventDistributionLinearLayout1.java

    
    public class EventDistributionLinearLayout1 extends LinearLayout {
        public EventDistributionLinearLayout1(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
            super(context, attrs);
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            //分发事件
            boolean dis = super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
            Log.v("showLog", "LinearLayout1.dispatchTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            //拦截事件
            boolean dis = super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
            Log.v("showLog", "LinearLayout1.onInterceptTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
            //消费事件
            boolean dis = super.onTouchEvent(event);
            Log.v("showLog", "LinearLayout1.onTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
    }
    
    

    EventDistributionLinearLayout2.java

    public class EventDistributionLinearLayout2 extends LinearLayout {
        public EventDistributionLinearLayout2(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
            super(context, attrs);
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            //分发事件
            boolean dis = super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
            Log.v("showLog", "LinearLayout2.dispatchTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            //拦截事件
            boolean dis = super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
            dis = true;
            Log.v("showLog", "LinearLayout2.onInterceptTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
            //消费事件
            boolean dis = super.onTouchEvent(event);
            Log.v("showLog", "LinearLayout2.onTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
    }
    
    

    EventDistributionButton.java

    
    public class EventDistributionButton extends Button {
        public EventDistributionButton(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
            super(context, attrs);
        }
        @Override
        public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
            //分发事件
            boolean dis = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            Log.v("showLog", "Button.dispatchTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
        
        @Override
        public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
            //消费事件
            boolean dis = super.onTouchEvent(event);
            Log.v("showLog", "Button.onTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean performClick() {
            boolean dis = super.performClick();
            Log.v("showLog", "Button.performClick()="+dis);
            return dis;
        }
    
    }
    
    

    activity_event_distribution.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <com.lanjiabin.systemtest.event.EventDistributionLinearLayout1 xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        tools:context=".event.EventDistributionActivity">
    
        <com.lanjiabin.systemtest.event.EventDistributionLinearLayout2
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:orientation="vertical">
    
            <com.lanjiabin.systemtest.event.EventDistributionButton
                android:background="@drawable/button_color_circle_shape1"
                android:id="@+id/btn"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_gravity="center"
                android:layout_marginTop="300dp"
                android:text="点击" />
    
        </com.lanjiabin.systemtest.event.EventDistributionLinearLayout2>
    
    </com.lanjiabin.systemtest.event.EventDistributionLinearLayout1>
    

    效果图:一个LinearLayout1包含LinearLayout2再包含一个Button

    界面只有一个按钮

    image.png

    (1)测试1

    测试用例:按钮消费事件,和空白处不消费事件

    按住按钮不松开,事件被Button的onTouchEvent()消费

    LinearLayout1.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout2.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    Button.Touch()=false
    Button.onTouchEvent()=true
    Button.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    LinearLayout2.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    LinearLayout1.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    

    按住空白处不松开,没有事件被消费

    LinearLayout1.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout2.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout2.onTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout2.dispatchTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout1.onTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout1.dispatchTouchEvent()=false
    Activity.onTouchEvent()=false
    Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()=false
    

    (2)测试2

    测试用例:在LinearLayout2处截断

    修改代码:EventDistributionLinearLayout2.java

     @Override
        public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
            //拦截事件
            boolean dis = super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
            dis = true;
            Log.v("showLog", "LinearLayout2.onInterceptTouchEvent()=" + dis);
            return dis;
        }
    

    按住按钮不松开:事件截断生效,将不会继续遍历下层的ViewGroup或者View,所以日志中看不到Button的日志打印。

    LinearLayout1.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout2.onInterceptTouchEvent()=true  //截断生效
    LinearLayout2.onTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout2.dispatchTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout1.onTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout1.dispatchTouchEvent()=false
    Activity.onTouchEvent()=false
    Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()=false
    

    (3)测试3

    测试用例:在View中onTouch()中返回true

    也就是在Button中设置onTouch()返回true,则不会产生点击事件,完整的点击事件是被按下和松开的,所以上面没有点击按钮的监听事件的打印日志。

    首先,看看完整的点击事件日志,去掉先前测试的改变的代码。

    LinearLayout1.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout2.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    Button.Touch()=false
    Button.onTouchEvent()=true  //触摸按下事件被消费
    Button.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    LinearLayout2.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    LinearLayout1.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()=true  //触摸按下的事件处理结束
    LinearLayout1.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false  //开始触摸i抬起的事件
    LinearLayout2.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    Button.Touch()=false
    Button.onTouchEvent()=true //触摸抬起的事件被消费
    Button.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    LinearLayout2.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    LinearLayout1.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    按钮被点击!  //onClick
    Button.performClick()=true
    

    开始测试用例:

    修改代码:
    EventDistributionActivity.java,将boolean dis = false;修改为boolean dis = true;

      mBtn.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
                @Override
                public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
                    boolean dis = true;
                    Log.v("showLog", "Button.Touch()=" + dis);
                    return dis;
                }
            });
    

    按下和松开按钮:可以看到,事件被Button.Touch()消费了,因为在Touch()返回了true,事件没有继续传递下去,所以onClick事件没有被触发,没有生效。

    LinearLayout1.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout2.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    Button.Touch()=true  //触摸事件被消费
    Button.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    LinearLayout2.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    LinearLayout1.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()=true //触摸按下事件处理完毕
    LinearLayout1.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    LinearLayout2.onInterceptTouchEvent()=false
    Button.Touch()=true
    Button.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    LinearLayout2.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    LinearLayout1.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    Activity.dispatchTouchEvent()=true
    

    编程中我们会遇到多少挫折?表放弃,沙漠尽头必是绿洲。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lanjiabin/p/12853407.html
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