• IOS定位核心与地图

    IOS定位核心与地图

                   

    Core Location以及Map框架包通常能给我们的应用程序添加定位和地图相关的服务。Core Location框架包通常是使用硬件设备来进行定位服务的，Map框架包通常能够使你的应用程序做一些地图展示与交互的相关功能。地图的定位服务一般需要依赖设备的硬件组成部分。如果有定位的硬件设备，那么肯定是可以利用地图框架包来进行地图的一些相关的操作。

    为了能够在项目中使用到位置服务以及地图展示的相关功能，你必须要导入Core Location 和Map这两个框架包。如果你不知道怎么做，那么请参照如下步骤。

    1.点击你的项目工程图标文件。

    2.然后选择target选项，如图1所示。

    3.然后选择Build Phase模块栏。

    4.然后点开Link Binary With Libraries栏目，在点击+号按钮。

    图1 添加相关的框架包

    5.添加MapKit.framework和CoreLocation.framework这两个库

    6.在使用地图和定位的地方，导入：

    #import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>

    #import <MapKit/MapKit.h>

    MKMapView是UIView的子类，所以可以像一个普通的View一样添加到ViewController的View当中。

    以下是相关的代码

    ViewController.h

    1. #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
    2. #import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
    3. #import <MapKit/MapKit.h>
    4. #import "MyAnnotation.h"
    5.  
    6. @interface ViewController : UIViewController <MKMapViewDelegate,CLLocationManagerDelegate>
    7.  
    8. // MapView
    9. @property (nonatomic,strong) MKMapView *myMapView;// 地图控件
    10. // LocationManager
    11. @property (nonatomic,strong) CLLocationManager *myLocationManager;// 位置管理器
    12. @property (nonatomic,strong) CLGeocoder *myGeoCoder ;// 地理位置和真实地址转换
    13. @end

    ViewController.m

    1. #import "ViewController.h"
    2. #import "MKMapView+ZoomLevel.h"
    3.  
    4. @interface ViewController ()
    5.  
    6. @end
    7.  
    8. @implementation ViewController
    9.  
    10. @synthesize myMapView;
    11. @synthesize myLocationManager;
    12. @synthesize myGeoCoder;
    13. - (void)viewDidLoad
    14. {
    15.     [super viewDidLoad];
    16.    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
    17.     // 设置根View的背景颜色
    18.     self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:0x33 / 255.0f green:0x66 / 255.0f blue:0x99 / 255.0f alpha:0xFF / 255.0f];
    19.     // 初始化MapView并且设置MapView显示的边界
    20.     self.myMapView = [[MKMapView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
    21. // self.myMapView.mapType = MKMapTypeSatellite;
    22. // self.myMapView.mapType = MKMapTypeHybrid;
    23.     self.myMapView.mapType = MKMapTypeStandard;
    24.     self.myMapView.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight;
    25.     self.myMapView.delegate = self;
    26.  
    27.     CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(40.034122, 116.289574);
    28.     MyAnnotation *annotation = [[MyAnnotation alloc]initWithCoordinate:coordinate title:@"我的位置" subTitle:@"这里就是寡人的位置，嘿嘿！"];
    29.     annotation.pinColor = MKPinAnnotationColorPurple;
    30.  
    31.     [self.myMapView addAnnotation:annotation];
    32.  
    33.  
    34.     [self.myMapView setShowsUserLocation:YES];
    35.     [self.myMapView setCenterCoordinate:coordinate zoomLevel:15 animated:YES];
    36.  
    37.     [self.view addSubview:myMapView];
    38.  
    39.  
    40.     if([CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled]){
    41.         self.myLocationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc]init];
    42.         self.myLocationManager.delegate = self;
    43. // // 提示用户是否允许当前应用使用地理位置，已过时，在Info.plist中使用NSLocationUsageDescription键值替换
    44. // self.myLocationManager.purpose = @"提示用户是否允许当前应用使用位置，已过时";
    45.         [self.myLocationManager startUpdatingLocation];
    46.     }else{
    47.         NSLog(@">>>>>>>>>> 位置服务不可用 <<<<<<<<<<<<");
    48.         UIAlertView *alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"您的位置服务当前不可用，请打开位置服务后重试" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil];
    49.         [alertView show];
    50.     }
    51.  
    52.  
    53.     CLLocation *location = [[CLLocation alloc]initWithLatitude:40.034122 longitude:116.289574];
    54.  
    55.     self.myGeoCoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc]init];
    56.     [self.myGeoCoder reverseGeocodeLocation:location completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks,NSError *error){
    57.         if(error == nil && [placemarks count] > 0){
    58.             CLPlacemark *pm = [placemarks objectAtIndex:0];
    59.             NSLog(@"国家：%@" ,pm.country);
    60.             NSLog(@"邮编：%@",pm.postalCode);
    61.             NSLog(@"Locality:%@",pm.locality);
    62.         }else if(error == nil && [placemarks count] == 0){
    63.             NSLog(@"没有地址返回");
    64.         }else if(error != nil){
    65.             NSLog(@"出错了：%@",error);
    66.         }
    67.     }];
    68.  
    69.     [self.myGeoCoder geocodeAddressString:@"中国北京市海淀区花园东路10号高德大厦" completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks,NSError *error){
    70.         if(nil == error && [placemarks count] > 0){
    71.             NSLog(@"placemarks count:%i",[placemarks count]);
    72.             CLPlacemark *pm = [placemarks objectAtIndex:0];
    73.             NSLog(@"longitude=%f",pm.location.coordinate.longitude);
    74.             NSLog(@"latitude=%f",pm.location.coordinate.latitude);
    75.         }else if([placemarks count] == 0 && error == nil){
    76.             NSLog(@"找不到给定地址的经纬度");
    77.         }else if(nil != nil){
    78.             NSLog(@"发生了错误:%@",error);
    79.         }
    80.     }];
    81.  
    82.  
    83.  
    84.  
    85.  
    86. }
    87.  
    88. - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
    89. {
    90.     [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    91.     // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
    92.  
    93. }
    94. -(void)viewDidUnload
    95. {
    96.     [super viewDidUnload];
    97.     self.myMapView = nil;
    98.     [self.myLocationManager stopUpdatingLocation];
    99.     self.myLocationManager = nil;
    100. }
    101. -(BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)toInterfaceOrientation
    102. {
    103.     return YES;
    104. }
    105.  
    106.  
    107. /*******************************************************************************************/
    108. /*******************************************************************************************/
    109. /*************************** MapView的Delegate的方法，全部都是Option的 *************************/
    110. /*******************************************************************************************/
    111. /*******************************************************************************************/
    112. /*******************************************************************************************/
    113.  
    114. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView regionWillChangeAnimated:(BOOL)animated {
    115.     NSLog(@"mapView:regionWillChangeAnimated:方法被调用");
    116. }
    117. // 用户的地理位置发生改变的时候调用
    118. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView regionDidChangeAnimated:(BOOL)animated {
    119.     NSLog(@"mapView:regionDidChangeAnimated：方法被调用");
    120. }
    121. // 当地图界面将要加载的时候将会调用这个方法
    122. - (void)mapViewWillStartLoadingMap:(MKMapView *)mapView{
    123.     NSLog(@"mapViewWillStartLoadingMap:方法被调用");
    124. }
    125. // 当地图界面加载完成的时候将要调用这个方法
    126. - (void)mapViewDidFinishLoadingMap:(MKMapView *)mapView{
    127.     NSLog(@"mapViewDidFinishLoadingMap:方法被调用");
    128. }
    129. // 当地图界面加载失败的时候调用这个方法
    130. - (void)mapViewDidFailLoadingMap:(MKMapView *)mapView withError:(NSError *)error{
    131.     NSLog(@"mapViewDidFailLoadingMap:withError:方法被调用，error is:%@" , [error description]);
    132. }
    133. // 添加到地图的Annotation
    134. // mapView:viewForAnnotation: provides the view for each annotation.
    135. // This method may be called for all or some of the added annotations.
    136. // For MapKit provided annotations (eg. MKUserLocation) return nil to use the MapKit provided annotation view.
    137. - (MKAnnotationView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id <MKAnnotation>)annotation
    138. {
    139.     MKAnnotationView *view = nil;
    140.     if([annotation isKindOfClass:[MyAnnotation class]] == NO){
    141.         return view;
    142.     }
    143.     if([mapView isEqual:self.myMapView] == NO){
    144.         return view;
    145.     }
    146.  
    147.     MyAnnotation *senderAnnotation = (MyAnnotation*)annotation;
    148.     NSString *pinReusableIdentifier = [MyAnnotation reusableIdentifierForPinColor:senderAnnotation.pinColor];
    149.     MKPinAnnotationView *annotationView = (MKPinAnnotationView*)[mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:pinReusableIdentifier];
    150.     if(annotationView == nil){
    151.         annotationView = [[MKPinAnnotationView alloc]initWithAnnotation:senderAnnotation reuseIdentifier:pinReusableIdentifier];
    152.         [annotationView setCanShowCallout:YES];
    153.     }
    154.     annotationView.pinColor = senderAnnotation.pinColor;
    155.  
    156.  
    157.     NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    158.     NSString *documentPath = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
    159.  
    160.  
    161.     NSString *cachePath = [documentPath stringByAppendingString:@"/images"];
    162.     NSString *cacheFile = [cachePath stringByAppendingString:@"icon.image"];
    163.  
    164.     if([[NSFileManager defaultManager]fileExistsAtPath:cacheFile]){
    165.         UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:cacheFile];
    166.         if(image != nil){
    167.             annotationView.image = image;
    168.             NSLog(@"通过本地设置图片");
    169.         }else{
    170.             [self setAnnotionImageByUrl:annotationView cacheFile:cacheFile];
    171.         }
    172.     }else{
    173.         [self setAnnotionImageByUrl:annotationView cacheFile:cacheFile];
    174.     }
    175.     view = annotationView;
    176.  
    177.     return view;
    178. }
    179.  
    180. -(void) setAnnotionImageByUrl:(MKPinAnnotationView *)annotationView cacheFile:(NSString *) cacheFile{
    181.     NSLog(@"通过网络设置文件");
    182.     dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    183.     dispatch_async(queue, ^{
    184.  
    185.  
    186.  
    187.         NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com/img/duanwulogo_94a0060bda0885d1c2320ca0d7d7c342.gif"];
    188.         NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:url];
    189.  
    190.         if(data != nil){
    191.  
    192.             [data writeToFile:cacheFile atomically:YES];
    193.  
    194.             UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:data];
    195.             dispatch_queue_t mainQueue = dispatch_get_main_queue();
    196.             dispatch_async(mainQueue, ^{
    197.                 if(image != nil){
    198.                     annotationView.image = image;
    199.                 }
    200.             });
    201.         }
    202.     });
    203.  
    204. }
    205.  
    206. /**
    207.  
    208. // mapView:didAddAnnotationViews: is called after the annotation views have been added and positioned in the map.
    209. // The delegate can implement this method to animate the adding of the annotations views.
    210. // Use the current positions of the annotation views as the destinations of the animation.
    211. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didAddAnnotationViews:(NSArray *)views;
    212.  
    213. // mapView:annotationView:calloutAccessoryControlTapped: is called when the user taps on left & right callout accessory UIControls.
    214. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView annotationView:(MKAnnotationView *)view calloutAccessoryControlTapped:(UIControl *)control;
    215.  
    216. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didSelectAnnotationView:(MKAnnotationView *)view NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);
    217. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didDeselectAnnotationView:(MKAnnotationView *)view NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);
    218.  
    219. - (void)mapViewWillStartLocatingUser:(MKMapView *)mapView NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);
    220. - (void)mapViewDidStopLocatingUser:(MKMapView *)mapView NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);
    221. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didUpdateUserLocation:(MKUserLocation *)userLocation NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);
    222. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didFailToLocateUserWithError:(NSError *)error NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);
    223.  
    224. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView annotationView:(MKAnnotationView *)view didChangeDragState:(MKAnnotationViewDragState)newState
    225. fromOldState:(MKAnnotationViewDragState)oldState NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);
    226.  
    227. - (MKOverlayView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForOverlay:(id <MKOverlay>)overlay NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);
    228.  
    229. // Called after the provided overlay views have been added and positioned in the map.
    230. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didAddOverlayViews:(NSArray *)overlayViews NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);
    231.  
    232. - (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didChangeUserTrackingMode:(MKUserTrackingMode)mode animated:(BOOL)animated NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 5_0);
    233. */
    234.  
    235.  
    236.  
    237.  
    238. /*******************************************************************************************/
    239. /*******************************************************************************************/
    240. /*************************** 位置相关 *************************/
    241. /*******************************************************************************************/
    242. /*******************************************************************************************/
    243. /*******************************************************************************************/
    244.  
    245. -(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateToLocation:(CLLocation *)newLocation fromLocation:(CLLocation *)oldLocation
    246. {
    247.     NSLog(@"Latitude=%f",newLocation.coordinate.latitude);
    248.     NSLog(@"Longitude=%f",newLocation.coordinate.longitude);
    249. }
    250. -(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
    251. {
    252.  
    253.     NSLog(@"获得位置失败");
    254. }
    255.  
    256. @end

    MKMapView+ZoomLevel.h

    1. #import <MapKit/MapKit.h>
    2.  
    3. @interface MKMapView (ZoomLevel)
    4. - (void)setCenterCoordinate:(CLLocationCoordinate2D)centerCoordinate
    5.                   zoomLevel:(NSUInteger)zoomLevel
    6.                    animated:(BOOL)animated;
    7. @end

    MKMapView+ZoomLevel.m

    1. #import "MKMapView+ZoomLevel.h"
    2.  
    3. @implementation MKMapView (ZoomLevel)
    4. #define MERCATOR_OFFSET 268435456
    5. #define MERCATOR_RADIUS 85445659.44705395
    6.  
    7. #pragma mark -
    8. #pragma mark Map conversion methods
    9.  
    10. - (double)longitudeToPixelSpaceX:(double)longitude
    11. {
    12.     return round(MERCATOR_OFFSET + MERCATOR_RADIUS * longitude * M_PI / 180.0);
    13. }
    14.  
    15. - (double)latitudeToPixelSpaceY:(double)latitude
    16. {
    17.     return round(MERCATOR_OFFSET - MERCATOR_RADIUS * logf((1 + sinf(latitude * M_PI / 180.0)) / (1 - sinf(latitude * M_PI / 180.0))) / 2.0);
    18. }
    19.  
    20. - (double)pixelSpaceXToLongitude:(double)pixelX
    21. {
    22.     return ((round(pixelX) - MERCATOR_OFFSET) / MERCATOR_RADIUS) * 180.0 / M_PI;
    23. }
    24.  
    25. - (double)pixelSpaceYToLatitude:(double)pixelY
    26. {
    27.     return (M_PI / 2.0 - 2.0 * atan(exp((round(pixelY) - MERCATOR_OFFSET) / MERCATOR_RADIUS))) * 180.0 / M_PI;
    28. }
    29.  
    30. #pragma mark -
    31. #pragma mark Helper methods
    32.  
    33. - (MKCoordinateSpan)coordinateSpanWithMapView:(MKMapView *)mapView
    34.                              centerCoordinate:(CLLocationCoordinate2D)centerCoordinate
    35.                                  andZoomLevel:(NSUInteger)zoomLevel
    36. {
    37.     // convert center coordiate to pixel space
    38.     double centerPixelX = [self longitudeToPixelSpaceX:centerCoordinate.longitude];
    39.     double centerPixelY = [self latitudeToPixelSpaceY:centerCoordinate.latitude];
    40.  
    41.     // determine the scale value from the zoom level
    42.     NSInteger zoomExponent = 20 - zoomLevel;
    43.     double zoomScale = pow(2, zoomExponent);
    44.  
    45.     // scale the map's size in pixel space
    46.     CGSize mapSizeInPixels = mapView.bounds.size;
    47.     double scaledMapWidth = mapSizeInPixels.width * zoomScale;
    48.     double scaledMapHeight = mapSizeInPixels.height * zoomScale;
    49.  
    50.     // figure out the position of the top-left pixel
    51.     double topLeftPixelX = centerPixelX - (scaledMapWidth / 2);
    52.     double topLeftPixelY = centerPixelY - (scaledMapHeight / 2);
    53.  
    54.     // find delta between left and right longitudes
    55.     CLLocationDegrees minLng = [self pixelSpaceXToLongitude:topLeftPixelX];
    56.     CLLocationDegrees maxLng = [self pixelSpaceXToLongitude:topLeftPixelX + scaledMapWidth];
    57.     CLLocationDegrees longitudeDelta = maxLng - minLng;
    58.  
    59.     // find delta between top and bottom latitudes
    60.     CLLocationDegrees minLat = [self pixelSpaceYToLatitude:topLeftPixelY];
    61.     CLLocationDegrees maxLat = [self pixelSpaceYToLatitude:topLeftPixelY + scaledMapHeight];
    62.     CLLocationDegrees latitudeDelta = -1 * (maxLat - minLat);
    63.  
    64.     // create and return the lat/lng span
    65.     MKCoordinateSpan span = MKCoordinateSpanMake(latitudeDelta, longitudeDelta);
    66.     return span;
    67. }
    68.  
    69. #pragma mark -
    70. #pragma mark Public methods
    71.  
    72. - (void)setCenterCoordinate:(CLLocationCoordinate2D)centerCoordinate
    73.                   zoomLevel:(NSUInteger)zoomLevel
    74.                    animated:(BOOL)animated
    75. {
    76.     // clamp large numbers to 28
    77.     zoomLevel = MIN(zoomLevel, 28);
    78.  
    79.     // use the zoom level to compute the region
    80.     MKCoordinateSpan span = [self coordinateSpanWithMapView:self centerCoordinate:centerCoordinate andZoomLevel:zoomLevel];
    81.     MKCoordinateRegion region = MKCoordinateRegionMake(centerCoordinate, span);
    82.  
    83.     // set the region like normal
    84.     [self setRegion:region animated:animated];
    85. }
    86.  
    87.  
    88. @end

    MyAnnotation.h

    1. #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
    2. #import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
    3. #import <MapKit/MapKit.h>
    4.  
    5. #define REUSABLE_PIN_RED @"Red"
    6. #define REUSABLE_PIN_GREEN @"Green"
    7. #define REUSABLE_PIN_PURPLE @"Purple"
    8.  
    9. @interface MyAnnotation : NSObject <MKAnnotation>
    10.  
    11. @property (nonatomic,readonly) CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate;
    12. @property (nonatomic, readonly, copy) NSString *title;
    13. @property (nonatomic, readonly, copy) NSString *subtitle;
    14.  
    15. @property (nonatomic,unsafe_unretained) MKPinAnnotationColor pinColor;
    16.  
    17. -(id) initWithCoordinate:(CLLocationCoordinate2D) coordinate
    18.                    title:(NSString*) paramTitle
    19.                 subTitle:(NSString*) paramSubTitle;
    20. // 得到颜色
    21. +(NSString *) reusableIdentifierForPinColor:(MKPinAnnotationColor) paramColor;
    22.  
    23. @end

    MyAnnotation.m

    1. #import "MyAnnotation.h"
    2.  
    3. @implementation MyAnnotation
    4.  
    5. @synthesize coordinate,title,subtitle,pinColor;
    6.  
    7. -(id) initWithCoordinate
    8. :(CLLocationCoordinate2D) paramCoordinate title:(NSString *)paramTitle subTitle:(NSString *)paramSubTitle
    9. {
    10.     self = [super init];
    11.     if(self != nil){
    12.         coordinate = paramCoordinate;
    13.         title = paramTitle;
    14.         subtitle = paramSubTitle;
    15.         pinColor = MKPinAnnotationColorGreen;
    16.     }
    17.  
    18.     return self;
    19. }
    20.  
    21. +(NSString *)reusableIdentifierForPinColor:(MKPinAnnotationColor)paramColor
    22. {
    23.     NSString *result = nil;
    24.     switch (paramColor) {
    25.         case MKPinAnnotationColorRed:
    26.             result = REUSABLE_PIN_RED;
    27.             break;
    28.         case MKPinAnnotationColorGreen:
    29.             result = REUSABLE_PIN_GREEN;
    30.             break;
    31.         case MKPinAnnotationColorPurple:
    32.             result = REUSABLE_PIN_PURPLE;
    33.     }
    34.     return result;
    35. }
    36.  
    37. @end

    注意，在使用用户的位置的时候,系统会弹出是否允许应用使用位置的对话框，这个对话框中的提示文字，可以自己进行定义

    在系统版本是6.0(包括6.0)以上的时候，在Info.plist文件中进行定义

    <key>NSLocationUsageDescription</key>

    <string>是否可以使用位置？如果需要使用本应用，是必须的！</string>

    在6.0以下，这样进行定义

    1. // // 提示用户是否允许当前应用使用地理位置，已过时，在Info.plist中使用NSLocationUsageDescription键值替换
    2. // self.myLocationManager.purpose = @"提示用户是否允许当前应用使用位置，已过时";
    3. 原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/xinye/archive/2013/06/13/3134746.html
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/langtianya/p/4006916.html
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