oracle 控制文件的重建
不到最后时刻，如三个控制文件都已损坏，又没有控制文件的备份。还是不要重建控制文件，处理不好就会有数据丢失。
NORESETLOGS
Set #1. NORESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- Additional logs may be required for media recovery of offline
-- Use this only if the current versions of all online logs are
-- available.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "KYEUPDB" NORESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 4096
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_1.266.978829167' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_2.267.978829169' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_3.268.978829173' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 4 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_4.269.978829183' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 5 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_5.270.978829193' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/system.271.978829205',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/sysaux.272.978829265',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/undotbs1.273.978829323',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/users.275.978829391',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/ts_example.277.978855421',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/kye_tbs02.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/arch1_1_978829161.dbf';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE
-- Database can now be opened normally.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
-- Files in normal offline tablespaces are now named.
ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE 'MISSING00006'
TO '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/kye_tbs01.dbf';
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/tempfile/temp.274.978829379'
SIZE 1024M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF;
-- End of tempfile additions.
操作：
[BEGIN] 2018/6/22 21:28:55
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 3858223104 bytes
Fixed Size 2259080 bytes
Variable Size 788531064 bytes
Database Buffers 3053453312 bytes
Redo Buffers 13979648 bytes
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "KYEUPDB" NORESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 4096
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_1.266.978829167' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_2.267.978829169' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_3.268.978829173' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 4 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_4.269.978829183' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 5 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_5.270.978829193' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/system.271.978829205',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/sysaux.272.978829265',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/undotbs1.273.978829323',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/users.275.978829391',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/ts_example.277.978855421',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/kye_tbs02.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
21 ;
Control file created.
SQL> recover database;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00264: no recovery required
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> select * from dba_temp_files;
no rows selected
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/tempfile/temp.274.978829379'
2 SIZE 1024M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF;
Tablespace altered.
SQL> select * from dba_temp_files;
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES BLOCKS STATUS RELATIVE_FNO AUT MAXBYTES MAXBLOCKS INCREMENT_BY USER_BYTES USER_BLOCKS
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ------- ------------ --- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- -----------
+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/tempfile/temp.274.978829379
1 TEMP 1073741824 131072 ONLINE 1 NO 0 0 1072693248 130944
[END] 2018/6/22 21:49:09
RESETLOGS
-- Set #2. RESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- The contents of online logs will be lost and all backups will
-- be invalidated. Use this only if online logs are damaged.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "KYEUPDB" RESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 4096
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_1.266.978829167' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_2.267.978829169' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_3.268.978829173' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 4 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_4.269.978829183' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 5 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_5.270.978829193' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/system.271.978829205',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/sysaux.272.978829265',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/undotbs1.273.978829323',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/users.275.978829391',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/ts_example.277.978855421',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/kye_tbs02.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/arch1_1_978829161.dbf';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
-- Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
-- Files in normal offline tablespaces are now named.
ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE 'MISSING00006'
TO '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/kye_tbs01.dbf';
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/tempfile/temp.274.978829379'
SIZE 1024M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF;
-- End of tempfile additions.
操作如下：
[BEGIN] 2018/6/22 21:58:29
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@kyeup01 ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Jun 22 21:58:41 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence 10
Current log sequence 14
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "KYEUPDB" RESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 4096
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_1.266.978829167' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_2.267.978829169' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_3.268.978829173' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 4 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_4.269.978829183' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 5 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_5.270.978829193' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/system.271.978829205',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/sysaux.272.978829265',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/undotbs1.273.978829323',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/users.275.978829391',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/ts_example.277.978855421',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/kye_tbs02.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
21 ;
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "KYEUPDB" RESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 75347
Session ID: 386 Serial number: 5
SQL>
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "KYEUPDB" RESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
SIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_2.267.978829169' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_3.268.978829173' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 4 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_4.269.978829183' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 5 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_5.270.978829193' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/system.271.978829205',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/sysaux.272.978829265',
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 4096
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_1.266.978829167' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_2.267.978829169' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_3.268.978829173' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 4 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_4.269.978829183' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 5 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_5.270.978829193' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/system.271.978829205',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/sysaux.272.978829265',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/undotbs1.273.978829323',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/users.275.978829391',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/ts_example.277.978855421',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/kye_tbs02.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
21 ;
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "KYEUPDB" RESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 75347
Session ID: 386 Serial number: 5
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 3858223104 bytes
Fixed Size 2259080 bytes
Variable Size 788531064 bytes
Database Buffers 3053453312 bytes
Redo Buffers 13979648 bytes
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "KYEUPDB" RESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
0M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 5 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_5.270.978829193' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/system.271.978829205',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/sysaux.272.978829265',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/undotbs1.273.978829323',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/users.275.978829391',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/ts_example.277.978855421',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/kye_tbs02.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 4096
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_1.266.978829167' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_2.267.978829169' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_3.268.978829173' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 4 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_4.269.978829183' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 5 '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/onlinelog/group_5.270.978829193' SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/system.271.978829205',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/sysaux.272.978829265',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/undotbs1.273.978829323',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/users.275.978829391',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/ts_example.277.978855421',
'+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/datafile/kye_tbs02.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
21 ;
Control file created.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
Database altered.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/tempfile/temp.274.978829379'
2 SIZE 1024M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF;
Tablespace altered.
SQL> select * from dba_temp_files;
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES BLOCKS STATUS
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- -------
RELATIVE_FNO AUT MAXBYTES MAXBLOCKS INCREMENT_BY USER_BYTES USER_BLOCKS
------------ --- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- -----------
+DGSYSTEM/kyeupdb/tempfile/temp.274.978829379
1 TEMP 1073741824 131072 ONLINE
1 NO 0 0 0 1072693248 130944
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence 1
Current log sequence 1
SQL>
[END] 2018/6/22 22:10:06
如果使用 resetlogs 打开的数据库，就需要对 DB 做一次备份。
resetlogs 命令表示一个数据库逻辑生存期的结束和另一个数据库逻辑生存期的开始， 每次使用 resetlogs 命令的时候，SCN 不会被重置，不过 oracle 会重置日志序列号， 而且会重置联机重做日志内容.
这样做是为了防止不完全恢复后日志序列会发生冲突（因为现有日志和数据文件间有 了时间差）。
在上面RESETLOGS重建控制文件的时候，归档是关闭的，如果是开启的，在开启RESETLOG之前，需要执行RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE