• 组合博弈1536-S-Nim


    Arthur and his sister Caroll have been playing a game called Nim for some time now. Nim is played as follows:


      The starting position has a number of heaps, all containing some, not necessarily equal, number of beads.

      The players take turns chosing a heap and removing a positive number of beads from it.

      The first player not able to make a move, loses.


    Arthur and Caroll really enjoyed playing this simple game until they recently learned an easy way to always be able to find the best move:


      Xor the number of beads in the heaps in the current position (i.e. if we have 2, 4 and 7 the xor-sum will be 1 as 2 xor 4 xor 7 = 1).

      If the xor-sum is 0, too bad, you will lose.

      Otherwise, move such that the xor-sum becomes 0. This is always possible.


    It is quite easy to convince oneself that this works. Consider these facts:

      The player that takes the last bead wins.

      After the winning player's last move the xor-sum will be 0.

      The xor-sum will change after every move.


    Which means that if you make sure that the xor-sum always is 0 when you have made your move, your opponent will never be able to win, and, thus, you will win.

    Understandibly it is no fun to play a game when both players know how to play perfectly (ignorance is bliss). Fourtunately, Arthur and Caroll soon came up with a similar game, S-Nim, that seemed to solve this problem. Each player is now only allowed to remove a number of beads in some predefined set S, e.g. if we have S =(2, 5) each player is only allowed to remove 2 or 5 beads. Now it is not always possible to make the xor-sum 0 and, thus, the strategy above is useless. Or is it?

    your job is to write a program that determines if a position of S-Nim is a losing or a winning position. A position is a winning position if there is at least one move to a losing position. A position is a losing position if there are no moves to a losing position. This means, as expected, that a position with no legal moves is a losing position.
     

    Input
    Input consists of a number of test cases. For each test case: The first line contains a number k (0 < k ≤ 100 describing the size of S, followed by k numbers si (0 < si ≤ 10000) describing S. The second line contains a number m (0 < m ≤ 100) describing the number of positions to evaluate. The next m lines each contain a number l (0 < l ≤ 100) describing the number of heaps and l numbers hi (0 ≤ hi ≤ 10000) describing the number of beads in the heaps. The last test case is followed by a 0 on a line of its own.
     

    Output
    For each position: If the described position is a winning position print a 'W'.If the described position is a losing position print an 'L'. Print a newline after each test case.
     

    Sample Input
    2 2 5 
    2 5 12 
    3 2 4 7 
    4 2 3 7 12 
    5 1 2 3 4 5 
    2 5 12 
    3 2 4 7 
    4 2 3 7 12 
    0
    Sample Output
    LWW 
    WWL
    //还是SG值套模版函数就好了;
    #include
    #include
    #include
    using namespace std;
    int k,ki[101];
    int sg[10001];
    int mex(int n)
    {
        int i,temp,judge[101] = {0};
        for(i = 0;i < k;i++)
        {
              temp = n - ki[i];
              if(temp < 0)
                       break;
              if(sg[temp] == -1)
                       sg[temp] = mex(temp);
              judge[sg[temp]] = 1;
        }
        for(i = 0;;i++)
                if(judge[i] == 0)
                     return i;
    }
    int main()
    {
        int i,j,l,m,hi;
        while(cin >> k && k)
        {
                string s;
                for(i = 0;i < k;i++)
                      cin >> ki[i];
                sort(ki,ki+k);
                cin >> m;
               memset(sg,-1,sizeof(sg));
                while(m-- && cin >> l)
                {
                          int s_g = 0;
                          for(i = 0;i < l;i++)
                          {
                                cin >> hi;
                                s_g ^= mex(hi);
                          }
                          if(s_g == 0)
                              s += "L";
                          else
                              s += "W";
                }
                cout << s << endl;
        }
        return 0;
    }

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/kuroko-ghh/p/9363387.html
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