35. 脚本系统

script.spt

# This is an example of a comment.

teapotColor 0.0 0.0 1.0
cameraPosition 0.0 0.0 -5.0

# These are not used but are here to test loading strings and ints.

totalTeapots 1
description This just a teapot in a 3D scene!

　　

PropertyScript.h

#ifndef _UGP_PROPERTY_SCRIPT_H_
#define _UGP_PROPERTY_SCRIPT_H_



enum enVarType { NULL_VAR = 0, INT_VAR, FLOAT_VAR,
STRING_VAR, VECTOR_VAR };


struct stVector
{
    stVector() : x(0), y(0), z(0) {}
    float x, y, z;
};

// 用于描述单个属性的类
class CVariable
{
public:
    CVariable() : type(0), floatVal(0), intVal(0), stringVal(0)
    {
        name[0] = '\0';
        vecVal.x = vecVal.y = vecVal.z = 0;
    }
    ~CVariable()
    {
        if(stringVal) 
            delete[] stringVal; 
        stringVal = 0;
    }

    // @t 属性类型
    // @n 属性名字
    // @data 属性值
    void SetData(int t, char* n, void *data);
    // @t 属性类型
    // @data 属性值
    void SetData(int t, void *data);

    char *GetName() { return name; }
    int GetType() { return type; }
    int GetDataAsInt() { return intVal; }
    float GetDataAsFloat() { return floatVal; }
    char *GetDataAsString() { return stringVal; }
    stVector GetDataAsVector() { return vecVal; }

private:
    char name[128];  // 属性名字
    int type;        // 属性类型

    // 属性值
    int intVal;
    float floatVal;
    char *stringVal;
    stVector vecVal;
};


class CPropertyScript
{
public:
    CPropertyScript();
    ~CPropertyScript();

    // 增加CVariable类链表数组（增加其长度）
    bool IncreaseVariableList();

    bool LoadScriptFile(char *filename);

private:
    // 获取当前所读取的一行中某个单独文本，并保存在第2个参数中
    // @tempLine 当前行的所有字符
    // @varName  保存该行中某个单独的文本
    void ParseNext(char *tempLine, char *varName);

public:
    // 手动增加一个属性到属性列表中
    // @name 属性名字
    // @t 属性类型
    // @val 属性值
    bool AddVariable(char *name, int t, void *val);
    // 更改列表中的某个属性
    bool SetVariable(char *name, int t, void *val);
    int GetVariableAsInt(char *name);
    float GetVariableAsFloat(char *name);
    char *GetVariableAsString(char *name);
    stVector GetVariableAsVector(char *name);

    void Shutdown();

private:
    CVariable *variableList;  // 属性列表
    int m_totalVars;          // 属性个数
    int currentLineChar;      // 正在读取的当前字符的个数的计数器
};

#endif

　　

PropertyScript.cpp

#include"PropertyScript.h"
#include<fstream>

using std::ifstream;


// 全局函数
// 确定要处理的属性类型
int DetermineType(int startIndex, char *buffer)
{
    int numComponents = 0;
    int type = NULL_VAR;
    bool decimalFound = false;  // 属性值中是否有点
    bool charFound = false;
    int index = startIndex;

    // Loop through the string and get information about it.
    while(index < (int)strlen(buffer))
    {
        // Since there are no new lines we auto add this if we
        // get inside this loop.
        // 如果全部是数字不统计个数，只将numComponents变成1
        if(numComponents == 0) 
            numComponents++;

        if(buffer[index] == ' ') 
            numComponents++;

        if(buffer[index] == '.') 
            decimalFound = true;

        if((buffer[index] >= 'a' && buffer[index] <= 'z') ||
            (buffer[index] >= 'A' && buffer[index] <= 'Z') || buffer[index] == '_') 
            charFound = true;

        index++;
    }

    // If only one variable is show after the name then it can
    // be any type other than vector since vector should have 3.
    switch(numComponents)
    {
    case 1:
        // If there are any characters then it is a string.
        if(charFound) 
            type = STRING_VAR;
        else 
            type = INT_VAR;

        // If there is a decimal and no chars then its a float.
        if(decimalFound == true && charFound == false) 
            type = FLOAT_VAR;
        break;

    case 3:
        // Since vectors are just floats, if we see any characters
        // in the group then it must be a string.
        if(charFound) 
            type = STRING_VAR;
        else type = VECTOR_VAR;
        break;

    default:
        // If there are more than 1 word after the name
        // then it must be a string since strings can have spaces.
        if(numComponents > 0) 
            type = STRING_VAR;
        break;
    }

    return type;
}


void CVariable::SetData(int t, char *n, void *data)
{
    if(!name) return;

    // Set this variables name then set the type and data.
    memcpy(name, n, strlen(n));
    name[strlen(n)] = '\0';
    SetData(t, data);
}


void CVariable::SetData(int t, void *data)
{
    stVector *vec = NULL;
    int len = 0;

    // Depending on the type will depend where the
    // value is stored.
    switch(t)
    {
    case INT_VAR:
        intVal = (int)data;
        break;

    case FLOAT_VAR:
        floatVal = *(float*)data;
        break;

    case STRING_VAR:
        len = strlen((char*)data);
        stringVal = new char[len + 1];
        memcpy(stringVal, (char*)data, len);
        stringVal[len] = '\0';
        break;

    case VECTOR_VAR:
        vec = (stVector*)data;
        vecVal.x = vec->x;
        vecVal.y = vec->y;
        vecVal.z = vec->z;
        break;

    default:
        // If we get here then it is a NULL variable.
        return;
        break;
    };

    type = t;
}


CPropertyScript::CPropertyScript() : variableList(NULL),
m_totalVars(0), currentLineChar(0)
{

}


CPropertyScript::~CPropertyScript()
{
    // Release all resources.
    Shutdown();
}


bool CPropertyScript::IncreaseVariableList()
{
    if(!variableList)
    {
        variableList = new CVariable[1];
        if(!variableList) 
            return false;
    }
    else
    {
        CVariable *temp;
        temp = new CVariable[m_totalVars + 1];
        if(!temp) 
            return false;

        memcpy(temp, variableList, sizeof(CVariable) * m_totalVars);

        delete[] variableList;
        variableList = temp;
    }

    return true;
}


bool CPropertyScript::LoadScriptFile(char *filename)
{
    int totalScriptLines = 0;
    ifstream input, input2;
    char tempLine[256];
    char varName[128];
    char param[3072];
    int type = 0;

    // Open the file to get the number of lines from it.
    input.open(filename);
    if(!input.is_open()) 
        return false;

    // Clear all previous data.   
    Shutdown();

    // Open and get number of lines.
    while(!input.eof())
    {
        input.getline(tempLine, 256, '\n');
        totalScriptLines++;
    }

    input.close();

    // Open it this time to get the variables out.
    input2.open(filename);
    if(!input2.is_open()) 
        return false;

    // Loop through each line of the script and get all variables.
    for(int i = 0; i < totalScriptLines; i++)
    {
        // Reset line counter to the beginning.
        currentLineChar = 0;

        // Read the entire line from the file.
        input2.getline(tempLine, 256, '\n');
        tempLine[strlen(tempLine)] = '\0';

        // 如果不是注释则解析这一行
        if(tempLine[0] != '#')
        {
            // Read the name then determine the type.
            // 先将该行总的属性名字读到varName中去，同时移动currentLineChar指针
            ParseNext(tempLine, varName);
            // 利用改变后的currentLineChar指针，此时它已经指向了属性值的起始位置，
            // 判断属性值得类型
            type = DetermineType(currentLineChar, tempLine);

            // Depending on the type will depend on how many
            // words we need to read after the name.  For
            // ints we need 1, vectors 3, strings 1, etc.
            // Once we get the data we convert it to the
            // type we need and set it to the variable.
            if(type == INT_VAR)
            {
                if(IncreaseVariableList())
                {
                    // 由于currentLineCha已经指向了属性值的起始位置，此时提取该行的属性值
                    ParseNext(tempLine, param);
                    variableList[m_totalVars].SetData(INT_VAR, varName, (void*)atoi(param));
                    m_totalVars++;
                }
            }
            else if(type == FLOAT_VAR)
            {
                if(IncreaseVariableList())
                {
                    float fVal = 0;
                    ParseNext(tempLine, param);
                    fVal = (float)atof(param);
                    variableList[m_totalVars].SetData(FLOAT_VAR, varName, &fVal);
                    m_totalVars++;
                }
            }
            else if(type == STRING_VAR)
            {
                if(IncreaseVariableList())
                {
                    ParseNext(tempLine, param);
                    variableList[m_totalVars].SetData(STRING_VAR, varName, (void*)param);
                    m_totalVars++;
                }
            }
            else if(type == VECTOR_VAR)
            {
                if(IncreaseVariableList())
                {
                    stVector vecVal;

                    // 需要提取3个属性值，每个之间空格隔开
                    ParseNext(tempLine, param);
                    vecVal.x = (float)atof(param);
                    ParseNext(tempLine, param);
                    vecVal.y = (float)atof(param);
                    ParseNext(tempLine, param);
                    vecVal.z = (float)atof(param);

                    variableList[m_totalVars].SetData(VECTOR_VAR, varName, &vecVal);
                    m_totalVars++;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Close file, return true.
    input2.close();
    return true;
}


void CPropertyScript::ParseNext(char *tempLine, char *outData)
{
    int commandSize = 0;
    int paramSize = 0;

    // Error checking.
    if(!tempLine || !outData) return;

    // Init string.
    outData[0] = '\0';

    // Loop through every character until you find a space or newline.
    while(currentLineChar < (int)strlen(tempLine))
    {
        if(tempLine[currentLineChar] == ' ' || tempLine[currentLineChar] == '\n')
            break;

        // Save the text in the array.
        outData[paramSize] = tempLine[currentLineChar];
        paramSize++;
        currentLineChar++;
    }

    // End the out string and move the line char past the next space.
    // If there is no space then the system will move to the next line.
    outData[paramSize] = '\0';
    currentLineChar++;
}


bool CPropertyScript::AddVariable(char *name, int t, void *val)
{
    // We can use this to see if the variable exist already.
    if(!SetVariable(name, t, val))
    {
        if(!IncreaseVariableList()) 
            return false;

        // Set the variables data then add to the counter.
        variableList[m_totalVars].SetData(t, name, val);
        m_totalVars++;
    }

    return true;
}


bool CPropertyScript::SetVariable(char *name, int t, void *val)
{
    // Loop through the list and compare names.
    // If we find the variable set its data.
    for(int i = 0; i < m_totalVars; i++)
    {
        if(stricmp(variableList[i].GetName(), name) == 0)
        {
            variableList[i].SetData(t, val);
            return true;
        }
    }

    return false;
}


int CPropertyScript::GetVariableAsInt(char *name)
{
    // Loop through the list and compare names.
    // If we find the variable return its data.
    for(int i = 0; i < m_totalVars; i++)
    {
        if(stricmp(variableList[i].GetName(), name) == 0)
            return variableList[i].GetDataAsInt();
    }

    return 0;
}


float CPropertyScript::GetVariableAsFloat(char *name)
{
    // Loop through the list and compare names.
    // If we find the variable return its data.
    for(int i = 0; i < m_totalVars; i++)
    {
        if(stricmp(variableList[i].GetName(), name) == 0)
            return variableList[i].GetDataAsFloat();
    }

    return 0;
}


char *CPropertyScript::GetVariableAsString(char *name)
{
    // Loop through the list and compare names.
    // If we find the variable return its data.
    for(int i = 0; i < m_totalVars; i++)
    {
        if(stricmp(variableList[i].GetName(), name) == 0)
            return variableList[i].GetDataAsString();
    }

    return NULL;
}


stVector CPropertyScript::GetVariableAsVector(char *name)
{
    stVector null;

    // Loop through the list and compare names.
    // If we find the variable return its data.
    for(int i = 0; i < m_totalVars; i++)
    {
        if(stricmp(variableList[i].GetName(), name) == 0)
            return variableList[i].GetDataAsVector();
    }

    return null;
}


void CPropertyScript::Shutdown()
{
    // Delete list.
    if(variableList) 
        delete[] variableList;
    variableList = NULL;
}

　　

main.cpp

#include<d3d9.h>
#include<d3dx9.h>
#include"PropertyScript.h"

#define WINDOW_CLASS    "UGPDX"
#define WINDOW_NAME     "Property Scripting"
#define WINDOW_WIDTH    640
#define WINDOW_HEIGHT   480

// Function Prototypes...
bool InitializeD3D(HWND hWnd, bool fullscreen);
bool InitializeObjects();
void RenderScene();
void Shutdown();


// Direct3D object and device.
LPDIRECT3D9 g_D3D = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_D3DDevice = NULL;

// Matrices.
D3DXMATRIX g_projection;
D3DXMATRIX g_ViewMatrix;
D3DXMATRIX g_WorldMatrix;

// Mesh objects
LPD3DXMESH g_teapot = NULL;
D3DMATERIAL9 g_material;   // 材质
  
// Scene light source.
D3DLIGHT9 g_light;          // 灯光


LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp)
{
    switch(msg)
    {
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;
        break;

    case WM_KEYUP:
        if(wp == VK_ESCAPE) PostQuitMessage(0);
        break;
    }

    return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wp, lp);
}


int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE ph, LPSTR cmd, int s)
{
    // Register the window class
    WNDCLASSEX wc = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_CLASSDC, MsgProc, 0L, 0L,
        GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
        WINDOW_CLASS, NULL };
    RegisterClassEx(&wc);

    // Create the application's window
    HWND hWnd = CreateWindow(WINDOW_CLASS, WINDOW_NAME,
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT,
        GetDesktopWindow(), NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL);

    // Initialize Direct3D
    if(InitializeD3D(hWnd, false))
    {
        // Show the window
        ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
        UpdateWindow(hWnd);

        // Enter the message loop
        MSG msg;
        ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof(msg));

        while(msg.message != WM_QUIT)
        {
            if(PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE))
            {
                TranslateMessage(&msg);
                DispatchMessage(&msg);
            }
            else
                RenderScene();
        }
    }

    // Release any and all resources.
    Shutdown();

    // Unregister our window.
    UnregisterClass(WINDOW_CLASS, wc.hInstance);
    return 0;
}


bool InitializeD3D(HWND hWnd, bool fullscreen)
{
    D3DDISPLAYMODE displayMode;

    // Create the D3D object.
    g_D3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
    if(g_D3D == NULL) return false;

    // Get the desktop display mode.
    if(FAILED(g_D3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
        &displayMode))) return false;

    // Set up the structure used to create the D3DDevice
    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));

    if(fullscreen)
    {
        d3dpp.Windowed = FALSE;
        d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = WINDOW_WIDTH;
        d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = WINDOW_HEIGHT;
    }
    else
        d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = displayMode.Format;

    // Create the D3DDevice
    if(FAILED(g_D3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
        hWnd, D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp,
        &g_D3DDevice))) return false;

    // Set the projection matrix.
    D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&g_projection, 45.0f,
        WINDOW_WIDTH/WINDOW_HEIGHT, 0.1f, 1000.0f);
    g_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &g_projection);

    // Initialize any objects we will be displaying.
    if(!InitializeObjects()) return false;

    return true;
}


bool InitializeObjects()
{
    // Property scripting system and properties for our object.
    CPropertyScript propertyScript;
    stVector teapotCol, camPos;

    // Load the script.
    if(!propertyScript.LoadScriptFile("script.spt"))
        return false;

    // Get the variables we need.
    teapotCol = propertyScript.GetVariableAsVector("teapotColor");
    camPos = propertyScript.GetVariableAsVector("cameraPosition");

    // Release all resources.  This script only needs to run once.
    propertyScript.Shutdown();


    // Set default rendering states.
    g_D3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, TRUE);
    g_D3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_AMBIENT, D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f));

    // Setup the light source.
    g_light.Type = D3DLIGHT_DIRECTIONAL;
    g_light.Direction = D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
    g_light.Diffuse.r = g_light.Diffuse.g = 1;
    g_light.Diffuse.b = g_light.Diffuse.a = 1;
    g_light.Specular.r = g_light.Specular.g = 1;
    g_light.Specular.b = g_light.Specular.a = 1;

    // Register the light.
    g_D3DDevice->SetLight(0, &g_light);
    g_D3DDevice->LightEnable(0, TRUE);

    // Setup the material properties for the teapot.
    ZeroMemory(&g_material, sizeof(D3DMATERIAL9));
    g_material.Ambient.r = 0.6f;
    g_material.Ambient.g = 0.6f;
    g_material.Ambient.b = 0.7f;
    g_material.Diffuse.r = teapotCol.x;
    g_material.Diffuse.g = teapotCol.y;
    g_material.Diffuse.b = teapotCol.z;
    g_material.Specular.r = 0.4f;
    g_material.Specular.g = 0.4f;
    g_material.Specular.b = 0.4f;
    g_material.Power = 8.0f;

    // Create the objects.
    if(FAILED(D3DXCreateTeapot(g_D3DDevice, &g_teapot, NULL)))
        return false;

    // Define camera information.
    D3DXVECTOR3 cameraPos(camPos.x, camPos.y, camPos.z);
    D3DXVECTOR3 lookAtPos(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
    D3DXVECTOR3 upDir(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

    // Build view matrix.
    D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&g_ViewMatrix, &cameraPos, &lookAtPos, &upDir);

    return true;
}


void RenderScene()
{
    // Clear the backbuffer.
    g_D3DDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0);

    // Begin the scene.  Start rendering.
    g_D3DDevice->BeginScene();

    // Apply the view (camera).
    g_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &g_ViewMatrix);

    // Draw teapot.
    g_D3DDevice->SetMaterial(&g_material);
    g_teapot->DrawSubset(0);

    // End the scene.  Stop rendering.
    g_D3DDevice->EndScene();

    // Display the scene.
    g_D3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}


void Shutdown()
{
    // Release all resources.
    if(g_D3DDevice != NULL) g_D3DDevice->Release();
    if(g_D3D != NULL) g_D3D->Release();
    if(g_teapot != NULL) { g_teapot->Release(); g_teapot = NULL; }
}