Spark之路 --- Scala IDE Maven配置（使用开源中国的Maven库）和使用

为什么要使用Maven

• 摘自百度百科的介绍

Maven是基于项目对象模型(POM)，可以通过一小段描述信息来管理项目的构建，报告和文档的软件项目管理工具。
Maven 除了以程序构建能力为特色之外，还提供高级项目管理工具。由于 Maven 的缺省构建规则有较高的可重用性，所以常常用两三行 Maven 构建脚本就可以构建简单的项目。由于 Maven 的面向项目的方法，许多 Apache Jakarta 项目发文时使用 Maven，而且公司项目采用 Maven 的比例在持续增长。

• 我为什么要使用Maven

作为一个Java/Scala的新人，我第一次使用Maven的时候，并不太了解Maven的什么，我所想的只是在我的Scala项目中引入一个画图表的库，后来我的Github找到了一个我想要的库。在我想引用这个库，潜意识里我就开始寻找这个库的Jar包，最后用Maven顺利解决我的项目的依赖问题。

Scala IDE Maven配置（使用开源中国的Maven库）

• 为什么要重新配置Maven

因为Maven默认用的是外国的库，国外的服务器在大陆访问要么是连接不上要么是连接上了乌龟那么慢，为了不折腾我脆弱的心灵还是用国内的Maven库吧。

• Scala IDE Maven配置

打开Maven配置：Window->Perferences->Maven->User Settings

默认的Settings路径是：C:UsersAdministrator.m2Settings 当然你也可以把路径更改到你想要放的地方

我的Maven配置，参考开源中国 Maven 库使用帮助 传送门

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor 
	license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional 
	information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to 
	you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use 
	this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of 
	the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required 
	by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the 
	License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS 
	OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific 
	language governing permissions and limitations under the License. -->

<!-- | This is the configuration file for Maven. It can be specified at two 
	levels: | | 1. User Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration 
	for a single user, | and is normally provided in ${user.home}/.m2/settings.xml. 
	| | NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option: | | -s /path/to/user/settings.xml 
	| | 2. Global Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for all 
	Maven | users on a machine (assuming they're all using the same Maven | installation). 
	It's normally provided in | ${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml. | | NOTE: This 
	location can be overridden with the CLI option: | | -gs /path/to/global/settings.xml 
	| | The sections in this sample file are intended to give you a running start 
	at | getting the most out of your Maven installation. Where appropriate, 
	the default | values (values used when the setting is not specified) are 
	provided. | | -->

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
	<!-- localRepository | The path to the local repository maven will use to 
		store artifacts. | | Default: ~/.m2/repository -->

	<localRepository>E:maven
epo</localRepository>

	<!-- interactiveMode | This will determine whether maven prompts you when 
		it needs input. If set to false, | maven will use a sensible default value, 
		perhaps based on some other setting, for | the parameter in question. | | 
		Default: true <interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode> -->

	<!-- offline | Determines whether maven should attempt to connect to the 
		network when executing a build. | This will have an effect on artifact downloads, 
		artifact deployment, and others. |localRepository | Default: false <offline>false</offline> -->

	<!-- pluginGroups | This is a list of additional group identifiers that 
		will be searched when resolving plugins by their prefix, i.e. | when invoking 
		a command line like "mvn prefix:goal". Maven will automatically add the group 
		identifiers | "org.apache.maven.plugins" and "org.codehaus.mojo" if these 
		are not already contained in the list. | -->

	<pluginGroups>
		<!-- pluginGroup | Specifies a further group identifier to use for plugin 
			lookup. <pluginGroup>com.your.plugins</pluginGroup> -->
	</pluginGroups>

	<!-- proxies | This is a list of proxies which can be used on this machine 
		to connect to the network. | Unless otherwise specified (by system property 
		or command-line switch), the first proxy | specification in this list marked 
		as active will be used. | -->

	<proxies>
		<!-- proxy | Specification for one proxy, to be used in connecting to the 
			network. | <proxy> <id>optional</id> <active>true</active> <protocol>http</protocol> 
			<username>proxyuser</username> <password>proxypass</password> <host>proxy.host.net</host> 
			<port>80</port> <nonProxyHosts>local.net|some.host.com</nonProxyHosts> </proxy> -->
	</proxies>

	<!-- servers | This is a list of authentication profiles, keyed by the server-id 
		used within the system. | Authentication profiles can be used whenever maven 
		must make a connection to a remote server. | -->

	<servers>
		<!-- server | Specifies the authentication information to use when connecting 
			to a particular server, identified by | a unique name within the system (referred 
			to by the 'id' attribute below). | | NOTE: You should either specify username/password 
			OR privateKey/passphrase, since these pairings are | used together. | <server> 
			<id>deploymentRepo</id> <username>repouser</username> <password>repopwd</password> 
			</server> -->

		<!-- Another sample, using keys to authenticate. <server> <id>siteServer</id> 
			<privateKey>/path/to/private/key</privateKey> <passphrase>optional; leave 
			empty if not used.</passphrase> </server> -->
	</servers>

	<!-- mirrors | This is a list of mirrors to be used in downloading artifacts 
		from remote repositories. | | It works like this: a POM may declare a repository 
		to use in resolving certain artifacts. | However, this repository may have 
		problems with heavy traffic at times, so people have mirrored | it to several 
		places. | | That repository definition will have a unique id, so we can create 
		a mirror reference for that | repository, to be used as an alternate download 
		site. The mirror site will be the preferred | server for that repository. 
		| -->

	<mirrors>
		<!-- mirror | Specifies a repository mirror site to use instead of a given 
			repository. The repository that | this mirror serves has an ID that matches 
			the mirrorOf element of this mirror. IDs are used | for inheritance and direct 
			lookup purposes, and must be unique across the set of mirrors. | -->
		<mirror>
			<id>nexus-osc</id>
			<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
			<name>Nexus osc</name>
			<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>
		</mirror>
	</mirrors>

	<!-- profiles | This is a list of profiles which can be activated in a variety 
		of ways, and which can modify | the build process. Profiles provided in the 
		settings.xml are intended to provide local machine- | specific paths and 
		repository locations which allow the build to work in the local environment. 
		| | For example, if you have an integration testing plugin - like cactus 
		- that needs to know where | your Tomcat instance is installed, you can provide 
		a variable here such that the variable is | dereferenced during the build 
		process to configure the cactus plugin. | | As noted above, profiles can 
		be activated in a variety of ways. One way - the activeProfiles | section 
		of this document (settings.xml) - will be discussed later. Another way essentially 
		| relies on the detection of a system property, either matching a particular 
		value for the property, | or merely testing its existence. Profiles can also 
		be activated by JDK version prefix, where a | value of '1.4' might activate 
		a profile when the build is executed on a JDK version of '1.4.2_07'. | Finally, 
		the list of active profiles can be specified directly from the command line. 
		| | NOTE: For profiles defined in the settings.xml, you are restricted to 
		specifying only artifact | repositories, plugin repositories, and free-form 
		properties to be used as configuration | variables for plugins in the POM. 
		| | -->

	<profiles>
		<profile>
			<id>jdk1.8.0_65</id>
			<activation>
				<jdk>1.8.0_65</jdk>
			</activation>
			<repositories>
				<repository>
					<id>nexus</id>
					<name>local private nexus</name>
					<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>
					<releases>
						<enabled>true</enabled>
					</releases>
					<snapshots>
						<enabled>false</enabled>
					</snapshots>
				</repository>
			</repositories>
			<pluginRepositories>
				<pluginRepository>
					<id>nexus</id>
					<name>local private nexus</name>
					<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>
					<releases>
						<enabled>true</enabled>
					</releases>
					<snapshots>
						<enabled>false</enabled>
					</snapshots>
				</pluginRepository>
			</pluginRepositories>
		</profile>
	</profiles>
	<!-- activeProfiles | List of profiles that are active for all builds. | 
		<activeProfiles> <activeProfile>alwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile> <activeProfile>anotherAlwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile> 
		</activeProfiles> -->
</settings>

Maven的使用（我的使用方式~哈）

• 查找你想要的引用的库

1. 可以在Github或Google自己要用到的库
2. 然后在官方库或开源的Maven库查找你所要的库 官方：传送门  开源中国：传送门（建议使用官方库搜索）
3. 把搜索结果里的Maven依赖XML内容添加到你的pom文件的依赖标签里

• 搜索的时候的注意事项

1. 要对比好你要引用库的所属组和构件，因为搜索结果可能什么很多
2. 还要要把你引用的库的依赖的库也一起添加到你的pom文件的依赖（我一直觉得这一步是可以自动做到的，只是我还没有学会而已）

官方搜索结果

从搜索可以看到官方的库支持很多的构建工具：Maven/Ivy/SBT

 

在官方的搜索结果中还会列出所搜索库的依赖库，只要点击相应的链接就可以跳转到依赖库，使用起来很方便，不用多次查找。

开源中国搜索结果

 

 

pom文件依赖配置

 

开源中国 Maven 库使用帮助 传送门