英语过去式与过去完成进行时是在英语语法学习中,非常重要的两种语法,直接影响着英语能力的好坏。熟练掌握这两种语法对于学习者来说是至关重要的,今天就为大家整理了有关英语过去式与过去完成进行时的相关用法解析,希望大家可以认真学习。
英语过去式与过去完成进行时的句式结构及相关用法解析
英语过去式
过去式(past tense)表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。过去发生的而现在已经结束的动作要用一般过去式来表示。过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
英语过去式常用的时间状语
yesterday(昨天)、the day before yesterday(前天)、last …(上一个…)、just now(刚刚)、a moment ago(刚刚)、at the age of(当…岁时) 、one day(有一天)、long ago(早已)、once upon a time(很久以前)等等。
英语过去式的句式结构
be动词
肯定句: 主语+be动词(was,were)+其他
He was a doctor two years ago.两年前他是一个医生。
否定句: 主语+be not(was not, were not)+其他
He wasn't (was not )a doctor two years ago.两年前他不是一个医生。
疑问句: Be动词(Was/Were)+主语+其他
Was he a doctor two years ago?两年前他是一个医生吗?
行为动词
肯定句: 主语+动词的过去式+其他
She ate three apples yesterday.昨天她吃了三个苹果.
否定句: 主语+did not+动词原型+其他
She didn't(did not )eat three apples yesterday.昨天她没吃三个苹果.
疑问句: Did+主语+动词原型+其他
Did she eat three apples yesterday?昨天她吃了三个苹果吗?
英语过去式动词变化规则
规则动词变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加ed ,如:work --worked、play---played
2、以不发音的e 结尾动词,动词词尾加d,如:live--lived 、hope--hoped
3、以辅音字母y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加ed,如:study--studied、 cry---cried
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加ed,如:stop --stopped
不规则动词变化如下:
1、以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如: let—let、cut—cut、must--must
2、以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built,、lend—lent、send—sent
3、以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant、burn—burnt、learn—learnt
4、把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:drive—drove、ride—rode、write—wrote
以上即为大家列举一部分不规则动词变化规律。不规则动词的过去式变化种类多而且规律性不强,须多加记忆。
英语过去完成进行时
相对过去的某个时刻来说已经对现在有直接影响并且还在进行的动作。
英语过去完成进行时句式结构
主语 +had been +doing sth
例句:We had been travelling in many countries. 我们一直在许多国家旅游
英语过去完成进行时的用法解析
1.过去完成进行时表示持续到过去某时的一个动作:
The ground was wet. It had been raining. 地是湿的。此前一直在下雨。
At last the bus came. I had been waiting for half an hour. 最后公共汽车来了,我已等了半小时。
2.过去时间可用一个时间状语表示:
I had not been waiting long when a taxi drew up. 我没等多久就来了一辆出租车。
Until/Up till then she had been living with her daughter. 到那时为止她一直和她女儿一起住。
3.但在更多情况下过去时间由另一句子表示出来,毋需加上时间状语:
Her eyes were red. It was obvious she had been crying. 她眼睛红红的,显然她是哭了。
Jane was annoyed. Peter had been phoning her every night. 简很不高兴。彼得一直每晚给打电话。
4.有时上下文可说明是谈过去的事,因此不需要时间状语:
She had been watching TV all day. 她看了一天的电视。
I had been reading your book. 我一直在看你写的书。
5.这个时态也可用在某些从句中,这时从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前而对其有影响:
I heard you’d been looking for me. 我听说你一直在找我。
That was just the letter I had been expecting. 这正是我一直期待的信。
6.表示反复的动作。
He had been mentioning your name to me.
他过去多次向我提到过你的名字。
You had been giving me everything.
你对我真是有求必应。
7.常用于间接引语中
The doctor asked what he had been eating.
医生问他吃了什么。
I asked where they had been staying all those days.
我问他们那些天是呆在哪儿的。
8.接具有“突然”之意when句。
I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in.
我刚看了几分钟他就进来了。
She'd only been reviewing her lessons for a short while when her little sister interrupted her.
她温习功课才一会儿,她妹妹就打断她了。
以上就是想和大家分享的有关英语过去式与过去完成进行时的用法解析,希望可以帮助到大家。想要提高自己的英语能力,除了有充沛的词汇量之外,扎实的语法基础也是必不可少的。因此打击一定注重英语语法的学习。