1. 编译源代码步骤
configure、Makefile.in一般是项目管理器自动生成的，这依赖于两个开发工具：
- autoconf：生成configure脚本文件；
- autoconf需要结合一个配置文件来和其它命令生成configure脚本；这个配置文件告诉autoconf当前代码有哪些特性、指定哪些安装路径等，而后才能生成configure脚本；
- automake：生成Makefile.in模板文件；
- automake也要结合一个文件，这个指明有多少程序文件、它们的依赖关系是什么、以及使用哪一种版本的编译器等，而后才能生成Makefile.in；
Note：在安装之前查看INSTALL和README文件查看安装方法，因为不同程序包安装步骤不一样，有的程序包不需要configure，直接make后执行make install；而有的程序包不需要执行make install，只有一个二进制文件直接复制即可完成；
安装开发组件
想要进行编译，提前安装开发组件
CentOS 6：Development Tools、Server Platform Development
CentOS 7：Development Tools、Development and Creative Workstation
(1) ./configure(也可能是config文件)
--help：获取支持使用的选项；
在执行make命令之前，用户指定程序包的编译参数、启用特性、安装路径等等；
configure脚本会收集当前系统上的开发环境中所依赖各组件的版本、特性等，并检查所依赖的环境是否能满足，如果检查到所依赖的程序包不存在立即报错，无法执行下一步。最后会根据用户指定信息和Makefile.in文件生成一个makefile文件；
##通用的几个选项
--prefix= ：指定安装的路径
--sysconfdir= ：指定配置文件目录
--enable-feature ：启用某个特性
--disable-fecture ：禁用特性
--with-function ：启用某功能
--without-function ：禁用某功能
(2) make
每个源代码都有专用的makefile，在make时依据这个配置文件，调用指定的预处理器做处理、调用指定的编译器做处理、编译文件的顺序等操作等；
(3) make install
其实是一些脚本，实现把构建出的应用程序，分别分配到用户指定的目录中；如创建出的二进制文件放到指定的二进制目录、库文件放到指定的库目录等等，使用install拷贝命令也能实现；
2. 安装后的配置
(1) 将二进制程序目录添加至PATH文件变量中，否则只能使用绝对路径才能运行程序
编辑文件/etc/profile.d/NAME.sh
export PATH=/PATH/TO/BIN:$PATH
(2) 导出库文件路径
编辑/etc/ld.so.conf.d/NAME.conf，添加新的库文件所在的目录至此文件中；
例如：/usr/local/apache2/lib
ldconfig -v：重新加载库文件路径，并查看；
ldconfig -p：查看已加载所有库文件路径；
(3) 导出头文件
/usr/include/目录下，创建软链接；
ln -s target_dir soft_link ##可以导出一个目录为所有文件链接，也可以为每一个头文件导出一个链接，然后把创建的链接输出到/usr/include/目录下，或者直接复制头文件至/usr/include/目录；
(4) 导出man手册
Centos7是在/etc/man_db.conf的40到50行之间，添加一个MANPATH参数(Centos6可能是/etc/man.config)；
MANPATH_MAP /usr/local/apache2/bin /usr/local/apache2/man
3. 编译安装实验
3.1. Centos7编译安装apache 2.2.27
系统版本与软件版本
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
------------------------------------------------------------------
apr-1.6.3
apr-util-1.6.1
httpd-2.2.27
提前安装开发环境
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# yum groupinstall -y "Development tools" "Development and Creative Workstation"
3.1.1. 安装apr-1.6.3
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# cd apr-1.6.3/
root@GNOME-C7 apr-1.6.3]# ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/apr-1.6.3
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-1.6.3]# make
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-1.6.3]# make install
3.1.2. 安装apr-util-1.6.1
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-1.6.3]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.1/
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/apr-unil-1.6.1 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-1.6.3
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-util-1.6.1]# make
遇到报错：
xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory
#include <expat.h>
^
compilation terminated.
make[1]: *** [xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/apr-util-1.6.1'
make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
解决方法：yum install -y expat-devel
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-util-1.6.1]# make install
3.1.3. 安装httpd-2.2.27
编译安装
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-util-1.6.1]# cd ../httpd-2.2.27/
[root@GNOME-C7 httpd-2.2.27]# ./configure --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-1.6.3 --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-unil-1.6.3 --with-mpm=prefork --with-included-apr --enable-mods-shared=most --enable-ssl --enable-suexec --enable-so
遇到报错：configure: error: ...No recognized SSL/TLS toolkit detected
解决方法：yum install -y openssl-devel
[root@GNOME-C7 httpd-2.2.27]# make
[root@GNOME-C7 httpd-2.2.27]# make install
编译第二次，从而得到httpd.worker ##这种方法不确定是否可以
[root@GNOME-C7 httpd-2.2.27]# cd ../
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# rm -rf httpd-2.2.27/
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# tar -xf httpd-2.2.27.tar.bz2
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# cd ./httpd-2.2.27/
[root@GNOME-C7 httpd-2.2.27]# ./configure --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-1.6.3 --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-unil-1.6.3 --with-mpm=worker --with-included-apr --enable-mods-shared=most --enable-ssl --enable-suexec --enable-so
[root@GNOME-C7 httpd-2.2.27]# make ##不用执行make install否则就会覆盖当前apache的文件了
[root@GNOME-C7 httpd-2.2.27]# cp ./httpd /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd.worker
本次使用的编译参数
--prefix=/PATH：指明安装路径；
--sysconfdir=/PATH：指明配置文件路径；不指明，默认在安装路径下；
--enable-so：表示启用DSO动态模块加载机制；
--enable-ssl：启用支持ssl功能；
--enable-mods-shared=most：表示动态的编译进来大多数的模块；如果使用--enable-mods-shared=all，则指动态的编译所有的模块。
--with-apr=/PATH：指明apr程序包的路径；不使用=指明路径会在默认路径查找；
--with-apr-util=/PATH：指明apr-util程序包的路径；
--with-mpm=prefork：指明默认使用的MPM模块；
说明：
静态编译：将module直接在安装的过程中放到apache中，当apache使用module的时候，就可以直接使用了。
动态编译：将module引入到apache之中，在使用的时候才会真正的去加载(通过LoadModule命令)
--with.....：表示依赖的包，不指明路径，编译安装时会到默认路径下找；
--without.....：不依赖的包；
--enable.....：启用特性；
--disable.....：禁用特性；
可能用到的其他参数
[root@Centos7 httpd-2.2.29]# ./configure --help ##查看有哪些支持的选项
部分内容如下：
Fine tuning of the installation directories:
--bindir=DIR user executables [EPREFIX/bin]：所有用户执行的命令放在哪个目录；
--sbindir=DIR system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]：管理员执行的命令放在哪个目录；
--libexecdir=DIR program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]：库执行的程序放在哪个目录；
--sysconfdir=DIR read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]：配置文件放在哪个目录；
--sharedstatedir=DIR modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]：共享数据目录放在哪个目录；
--localstatedir=DIR modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]：本地状态目录放在哪个目录；
--libdir=DIR object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]：库文件放在哪个目录；
--includedir=DIR C header files [PREFIX/include]：头文件放在哪个目录；
安装后的产生的目录
]# ll /usr/local/apache2/
显内容示：
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:51 bin 程序路径
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:51 build 编译安装的相关文件
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:51 cgi-bin cgi格式的程序文件
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:51 conf 配置文件
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:51 error 错误页面
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:30 htdocs 网页文件存放路径
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:51 icons 图标
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:51 include 头文件，任何支持二次开发的程序都提供头文件
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:53 logs 日志
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:51 man 帮助手册
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 12288 Jul 16 2014 manual 官方文档
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 14 08:51 modules 模块
3.1.4. 导出二进制程序目录至PATH变量
[root@centos7 ~]# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache2/bin
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/apache2.sh
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache2/bin
3.1.5. 导出man手册
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
MANPATH_MAP /usr/local/apache2/bin /usr/local/apache2/man
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# manpath
/usr/local/share/man:/usr/share/man/overrides:/usr/share/man:/usr/local/apache2/man
3.1.6. 导出头文件
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/apache2/include /usr/include/httpd
‘/usr/include/httpd’ -> ‘/usr/local/apache2/include’
3.1.7. 导出库文件
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/httpd.conf
/usr/local/apache2/lib
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# ldconfig -v
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# ldconfig -p | grep apache
libaprutil-1.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/apache2/lib/libaprutil-1.so.0
libaprutil-1.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/apache2/lib/libaprutil-1.so
libapr-1.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/apache2/lib/libapr-1.so.0
libapr-1.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/apache2/lib/libapr-1.so
3.1.8. 创建服务管理脚本
这两个脚本是从其他机器上复制的，然后改了一下文件与目录的路径
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# Configuration file for the httpd service.
#
# The default processing model (MPM) is the process-based
# 'prefork' model. A thread-based model, 'worker', is also
# available, but does not work with some modules (such as PHP).
# The service must be stopped before changing this variable.
#
HTTPD=/usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd.worker ##表示启动的httpd服务mpm为worker
#
# To pass additional options (for instance, -D definitions) to the
# httpd binary at startup, set OPTIONS here.
#
#OPTIONS=
#
# By default, the httpd process is started in the C locale; to
# change the locale in which the server runs, the HTTPD_LANG
# variable can be set.
#
#HTTPD_LANG=C
#
# By default, the httpd process will create the file
# /var/run/httpd/httpd.pid in which it records its process
# identification number when it starts. If an alternate location is
# specified in httpd.conf (via the PidFile directive), the new
# location needs to be reported in the PIDFILE.
#
#PIDFILE=/var/run/httpd/httpd.pid
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# cat /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: The Apache HTTP Server is an efficient and extensible
# server implementing the current HTTP standards.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /usr/local/apache2/logs/httpd.pid
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: httpd
# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $named
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network
# Should-Start: distcache
# Short-Description: start and stop Apache HTTP Server
# Description: The Apache HTTP Server is an extensible server
# implementing the current HTTP standards.
### END INIT INFO
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi
# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}
# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.
INITLOG_ARGS=""
# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.
# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/usr/local/apache2/logs/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0
STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10}
# The semantics of these two functions differ from the way apachectl does
# things -- attempting to start while running is a failure, and shutdown
# when not running is also a failure. So we just do it the way init scripts
# are expected to behave here.
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
return $RETVAL
}
# When stopping httpd, a delay (of default 10 second) is required
# before SIGKILLing the httpd parent; this gives enough time for the
# httpd parent to SIGKILL any errant children.
stop() {
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd > /dev/null
if [[ $? = 0 ]]; then
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d ${STOP_TIMEOUT} $httpd
else
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
success
fi
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
RETVAL=6
echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
else
# Force LSB behaviour from killproc
LSB=1 killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -eq 7 ]; then
failure $"httpd shutdown"
fi
fi
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
if status -p ${pidfile} $httpd >&/dev/null; then
stop
start
fi
;;
force-reload|reload)
reload
;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
RETVAL=2
esac
exit $RETVAL
3.1.9. 使用chkconfig管理
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# chkconfig --add httpd
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# chkconfig --level 3 httpd on
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# chkconfig --list | grep httpd
httpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:off 6:off
3.1.10. 启动服务
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# service httpd start
Starting httpd (via systemctl): [ OK ]
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# ss -ant | grep 80
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# ps aux | grep http[d] ##现在运行httpd的用户是daemon，可以在配置文件中更改
root 114229 0.0 0.0 97508 2536 ? Ss 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
daemon 114231 0.0 0.0 386420 4416 ? Sl 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
daemon 114232 0.0 0.0 386420 4416 ? Sl 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
daemon 114233 0.0 0.0 386420 4420 ? Sl 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
daemon 114234 0.0 0.0 386420 4420 ? Sl 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
3.1.11. 访问测试
3.2. Centos7编译安装apache 2.4.6
系统版本与软件版本
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
------------------------------------------------------------------
apr-1.6.3
apr-util-1.6.1
httpd-2.4.6
提前安装开发环境
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# yum groupinstall -y "Development tools" "Development and Creative Workstation"
3.2.1. 安装apr-1.6.3
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# cd apr-1.6.3/
root@GNOME-C7 apr-1.6.3]# ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/apr-1.6.3
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-1.6.3]# make
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-1.6.3]# make install
3.2.2. 安装apr-util-1.6.1
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-1.6.3]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.1/
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/apr-unil-1.6.1 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-1.6.3
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-util-1.6.1]# make
遇到报错：
xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory
#include <expat.h>
^
compilation terminated.
make[1]: *** [xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/apr-util-1.6.1'
make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
解决方法：yum install -y expat-devel
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-util-1.6.1]# make install
3.2.3. 安装httpd-2.4.6
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-util-1.6.1]# cd ../httpd-2.4.6/
[root@GNOME-C7 apr-util-1.6.1]# yum install -y openssl-devel ##如果想要直接编译成功ssl模块，需要提前安装该openssl-devel，否则编译过程中虽然不报错(因为不是是动态编译)，但是编译结束后会发现没有ssl模块；
[root@GNOME-C7 httpd-2.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-1.6.3 --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-unil-1.6.1 --with-included-apr --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-so --enable-mpms-shared=all --enable-mods-shared=all --with-mpm=prefork
遇到报错：configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/.
解决方法：cp -r ../apr-1.6.3 ./srclib/apr ; cp -r ../apr-util-1.6.1 ./srclib/apr-util
遇到报错：configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/
解决方法：yum -y install pcre-devel
[root@GNOME-C7 httpd-2.4.6]# make
[root@GNOME-C7 httpd-2.4.6]# make install
本次使用的编译参数
--enable-so：表示启用DSO动态模块加载机制；
--enable-mpms-shared=安装所有支持的MPM模块
--enable-mods-shared=all：动态的编译所有的模块
--with-mpm=prefork：指定默认MPM
3.2.4. 导出二进制程序目录至PATH变量
[root@centos7 ~]# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache2/bin
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/apache2.sh
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache2/bin
3.2.5. 导出man手册
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
MANPATH_MAP /usr/local/apache2/bin /usr/local/apache2/man
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# manpath
/usr/local/share/man:/usr/share/man/overrides:/usr/share/man:/usr/local/apache2/man
3.2.6. 导出头文件
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/apache2/include /usr/include/httpd
‘/usr/include/httpd’ -> ‘/usr/local/apache2/include’
3.2.7. 导出库文件
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/httpd.conf
/usr/local/apache2/lib
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# ldconfig -v
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# ldconfig -p | grep apache
libaprutil-1.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/apache2/lib/libaprutil-1.so.0
libaprutil-1.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/apache2/lib/libaprutil-1.so
libapr-1.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/apache2/lib/libapr-1.so.0
libapr-1.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/apache2/lib/libapr-1.so
3.2.8. 创建服务管理脚本
这两个脚本是从其他机器上复制的，然后改了一下文件与目录的路径
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# Configuration file for the httpd service.
#
# The default processing model (MPM) is the process-based
# 'prefork' model. A thread-based model, 'worker', is also
# available, but does not work with some modules (such as PHP).
# The service must be stopped before changing this variable.
#
HTTPD=/usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
#
# To pass additional options (for instance, -D definitions) to the
# httpd binary at startup, set OPTIONS here.
#
#OPTIONS=
#
# By default, the httpd process is started in the C locale; to
# change the locale in which the server runs, the HTTPD_LANG
# variable can be set.
#
#HTTPD_LANG=C
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# cat /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: The Apache HTTP Server is an efficient and extensible
# server implementing the current HTTP standards.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /usr/local/apache2/logs/httpd.pid
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: httpd
# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $named
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network
# Should-Start: distcache
# Short-Description: start and stop Apache HTTP Server
# Description: The Apache HTTP Server is an extensible server
# implementing the current HTTP standards.
### END INIT INFO
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi
# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}
# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.
INITLOG_ARGS=""
# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.
# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/usr/local/apache2/logs/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0
STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10}
# The semantics of these two functions differ from the way apachectl does
# things -- attempting to start while running is a failure, and shutdown
# when not running is also a failure. So we just do it the way init scripts
# are expected to behave here.
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
return $RETVAL
}
# When stopping httpd, a delay (of default 10 second) is required
# before SIGKILLing the httpd parent; this gives enough time for the
# httpd parent to SIGKILL any errant children.
stop() {
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd > /dev/null
if [[ $? = 0 ]]; then
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d ${STOP_TIMEOUT} $httpd
else
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
success
fi
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
RETVAL=6
echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
else
# Force LSB behaviour from killproc
LSB=1 killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -eq 7 ]; then
failure $"httpd shutdown"
fi
fi
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
if status -p ${pidfile} $httpd >&/dev/null; then
stop
start
fi
;;
force-reload|reload)
reload
;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
RETVAL=2
esac
exit $RETVAL
3.2.9. 使用chkconfig管理
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# chkconfig --add httpd
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# chkconfig --level 3 httpd on
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# chkconfig --list | grep httpd
httpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:off 6:off
3.2.10. 启动服务
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# service httpd start
Starting httpd (via systemctl): [ OK ]
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# ss -ant | grep 80
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
[root@GNOME-C7 ~]# ps aux | grep http[d] ##现在运行httpd的用户是daemon，可以在配置文件中更改
root 114229 0.0 0.0 97508 2536 ? Ss 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
daemon 114231 0.0 0.0 386420 4416 ? Sl 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
daemon 114232 0.0 0.0 386420 4416 ? Sl 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
daemon 114233 0.0 0.0 386420 4420 ? Sl 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
daemon 114234 0.0 0.0 386420 4420 ? Sl 18:34 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd
3.2.11. 访问测试
