• Oracle RAC环境下定位并杀掉最终阻塞的会话


    实验环境:Oracle RAC 11.2.0.4 (2节点)

    之前其实也写过一篇相关文章:

    但上文给出的例子过于简单,实际对于生产中复杂的阻塞问题,一步步找最终阻塞就比较麻烦。所以本篇旨在寻求更好更快捷的办法。

    1.模拟故障:会话被级联阻塞

    **准备工作:**我这里在每个实例开两个会话来模拟RAC在负载均衡模式下的业务会话: 实例1:会话1,会话2; 实例2:会话3,会话4; 在 时间点1 -> 时间点2 -> 时间点3 -> 时间点4 的这个时间轴上分别执行以下操作:

    时间点1:
    在实例1的会话1(INS1-session1)执行语句未提交或回滚:

    select * from v$mystat where rownum = 1;
    update emp set sal = 8000 where empno = 7788;
    

    时间点2:
    在实例2的会话3(INS2-session3)执行语句:

    select * from v$mystat where rownum = 1;
    delete from emp where empno = 7839;
    update emp set job = 'MANAGER' where empno = 7788;
    rollback;
    

    时间点3:
    在实例2的会话4(INS2-session4)执行语句:

    select * from v$mystat where rownum = 1;
    update emp set sal = 15000 where empno = 7839;
    rollback;
    

    时间点4:
    在实例1的会话2(INS1-session2)执行语句:

    select * from v$mystat where rownum = 1;
    update emp set job = 'CEO' where empno = 7839;
    rollback;
    

    此时可以看到,在后面3个时间点进行操作的会话均hang住,显然都是被阻塞了。4个会话的现象如下:




    那么他们究竟都是被谁阻塞了呢?下文会详细分析。

    2.常规方法:梳理找出最终阻塞会话

    我们常规会去GV$SESSION查询blocking_session,再看这个blocking_session有没有又被其他会话阻塞,直到找到根源。
    --blocking
    set lines 180
    col program for a30
    col machine for a20
    select inst_id,
           SID,
           SERIAL#,
    	   event,
    	   machine,
           sql_id,
           blocking_session,
           blocking_instance
      from gv$session
     where blocking_session is not null;
    

    结果如下:

    SYS@jyzhao1 >--blocking
    SYS@jyzhao1 >set lines 180
    SYS@jyzhao1 >col program for a30
    SYS@jyzhao1 >col machine for a20
    SYS@jyzhao1 >select inst_id,
      2         SID,
      3         SERIAL#,
      4        event,
      5        machine,
      6         sql_id,
      7         blocking_session,
      8         blocking_instance
      9    from gv$session
     10   where blocking_session is not null;
    
       INST_ID        SID    SERIAL# EVENT                                    MACHINE              SQL_ID        BLOCKING_SESSION BLOCKING_INSTANCE
    ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ------------- ---------------- -----------------
             1        146       6283 enq: TX - row lock contention            jyrac1               052gy77vp276s               25                 2
             2         25      10250 enq: TX - row lock contention            jyrac2               3t2npbvdcf2d2              150                 1
             2        145      32069 enq: TX - row lock contention            jyrac2               0ct116qw46shq               25                 2
    
    SYS@jyzhao1 >
    

    可以看到实例1的sid=146的会话以及实例2的sid=145的会话都被实例2的sid=25的会话阻塞,而实例2的sid=25的这个会话又被实例1的sid=150的会话阻塞。这个例子只模拟了几个会话尚且可以快速定位,但如果是真实故障,很可能受影响的不止这么几个会话,虽然也可以慢慢最终找出来,但毕竟会看的眼花缭乱是不是。我们高傲的DBA又怎么会甘心一直去做这种事情呢?

    3.改进方法:立即找出最终阻塞会话

    之前我在单实例或者确认业务只跑在某一个节点的环境,一直在用的一个找出最终阻塞会话的脚本:
    --cascade blocking
    set lines 200 pages 100
    col tree for a30
    col event for a40
    select *
      from (select a.sid, a.serial#,
                   a.sql_id,
                   a.event,
                   a.status,
                   connect_by_isleaf as isleaf,
                   sys_connect_by_path(SID, '<-') tree,
                   level as tree_level
              from v$session a
             start with a.blocking_session is not null
            connect by nocycle a.sid = prior a.blocking_session)
     where isleaf = 1
     order by tree_level asc;
    

    这个脚本用到了start with connect by prior 的递归查询用法,非常方便可以直接找出最终阻塞的会话;可如果是RAC,业务是负载均衡跑在多个节点的,那上面的这个脚本就不好用了,比如我上面构造的这个例子,就需要明确查出各个会话分别在哪个实例上,否则你怎么确认去哪里杀呢,怎么办呢?其实也简单,只需要稍加改动下这个脚本即可,改后如下:

    --cascade blocking@gv$session
    select *
      from (select a.inst_id, a.sid, a.serial#,
                   a.sql_id,
                   a.event,
                   a.status,
                   connect_by_isleaf as isleaf,
                   sys_connect_by_path(a.SID||'@'||a.inst_id, ' <- ') tree,
                   level as tree_level
              from gv$session a
             start with a.blocking_session is not null
            connect by (a.sid||'@'||a.inst_id) = prior (a.blocking_session||'@'||a.blocking_instance))
     where isleaf = 1
     order by tree_level asc;
    

    结果如下:

    SYS@jyzhao1 >--cascade blocking@gv$session
    SYS@jyzhao1 >select *
      2    from (select a.inst_id, a.sid, a.serial#,
      3                 a.sql_id,
      4                 a.event,
      5                 a.status,
      6                 connect_by_isleaf as isleaf,
      7                 sys_connect_by_path(a.SID||'@'||a.inst_id, ' <- ') tree,
      8                 level as tree_level
      9            from gv$session a
     10           start with a.blocking_session is not null
     11          connect by (a.sid||'@'||a.inst_id) = prior (a.blocking_session||'@'||a.blocking_instance))
     12   where isleaf = 1
     13   order by tree_level asc;
    
       INST_ID        SID    SERIAL# SQL_ID        EVENT                                    STATUS       ISLEAF TREE                           TREE_LEVEL
    ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- ---------------------------------------- -------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
             1        150       8742               SQL*Net message from client              INACTIVE          1  <- 25@2 <- 150@1                       2
             1        150       8742               SQL*Net message from client              INACTIVE          1  <- 145@2 <- 25@2 <- 150@1              3
             1        150       8742               SQL*Net message from client              INACTIVE          1  <- 146@1 <- 25@2 <- 150@1              3
    
    SYS@jyzhao1 >
    

    非常清晰可以看到最终阻塞其他会话的会话是实例1的sid=150,serial#=8742的会话。
    那么与相关人员都确认后,就可以直接杀掉这个最终阻塞会话:

    SYS@jyzhao1 >alter system kill session '150,8742' immediate;
    
    System altered.
    

    再次查询,恢复正常,不再有堵塞了:

    SYS@jyzhao1 >--cascade blocking@gv$session
    SYS@jyzhao1 >select *
      2    from (select a.inst_id, a.sid, a.serial#,
      3                 a.sql_id,
      4                 a.event,
      5                 a.status,
      6                 connect_by_isleaf as isleaf,
      7                 sys_connect_by_path(a.SID||'@'||a.inst_id, ' <- ') tree,
      8                 level as tree_level
      9            from gv$session a
     10           start with a.blocking_session is not null
     11          connect by (a.sid||'@'||a.inst_id) = prior (a.blocking_session||'@'||a.blocking_instance))
     12   where isleaf = 1
     13   order by tree_level asc;
    
    no rows selected
    
    SYS@jyzhao1 >
    


    至此,就达到了我们在RAC环境中快速定位并杀掉这种最终阻塞会话的目的。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/8716546.html
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