什么是VFL语言
VFL(Visual Format Language),“可视化格式语言”。
VFL是苹果公司为了简化autolayout的编码而推出的抽象语言。
语法说明
H:[cancelButton(72)]-12-[acceptButton(50)] cancelButton宽72,acceptButton宽50,它们之间间距12 H:[wideView(>=60@700)] wideView宽度大于等于60point,该约束条件优先级为700(优先级最大值为1000,优先级越高的约束条件越先被满足) V:[redBox][yellowBox(==redBox)] 垂直方向上,先有一个redBox,其下方紧接一个高度等于redBox高度的yellowBox H:|-10-[Find]-[FindNext]-[FindField(>=20)]-| 水平方向上,Find距离父view左边缘间隔10,之后是FindNext距离Find间隔默认宽度;再之后是宽度不小于20的FindField,它和FindNext以及父view右边边缘的间距都是默认宽度。(竖线“|”表示superview的边缘)。
使用方法
使用VFL来创建约束数组 +(NSArray *)constraintsWithVisualFormat:(NSString *)format options:(NSLayoutFormatOptions)opts metrics:(NSDictionary *)metrics views:(NSDictionary *)views; format:VFL语句 opts:约束类型 metrics:VFL语句中用到的具体数值 views:VFL语句中用到的控件 创建一个字典(内部包含VFL语句中用到的控件)的快捷宏定义 NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(...)
实例展示
效果图:
实现代码:
-(void)horizontalLayout{ //1.添加两个控件 UIView *blueView = [[UIView alloc] init]; blueView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor]; blueView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; [self.view addSubview:blueView]; UIView *redView = [[UIView alloc] init]; redView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]; redView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; [self.view addSubview:redView]; //2.添加约束 //2.1水平方向的约束 NSString *hVFL = @"H:|-30-[blueView]-30-[redView(==blueView)]-30-|"; NSArray *hCons = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:hVFL options:NSLayoutFormatAlignAllBottom | NSLayoutFormatAlignAllTop metrics:nil views:@{@"blueView":blueView, @"redView":redView}]; [self.view addConstraints:hCons]; //2.2垂直方向的约束 NSString *vVFL = @"V:[blueView(50)]-30-|"; NSArray *vCons = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:vVFL options:0 metrics:nil views:@{@"blueView":blueView}]; [self.view addConstraints:vCons]; } -(void)verticalLayout{ //1.添加两个控件 UIView *blueView = [[UIView alloc] init]; blueView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor]; blueView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; [self.view addSubview:blueView]; UIView *redView = [[UIView alloc] init]; redView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]; redView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO; [self.view addSubview:redView]; //2.添加约束 //2.1水平方向的约束 NSString *hVFL = @"H:|-30-[blueView]-30-|"; NSArray *hCons = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:hVFL options:0 metrics:nil views:@{@"blueView":blueView}]; [self.view addConstraints:hCons]; //2.2垂直方向的约束 NSString *vVFL = @"V:|-30-[blueView(50)]-30-[redView(==blueView)]"; NSArray *vCons = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:vVFL options:NSLayoutFormatAlignAllRight metrics:nil views:@{@"blueView":blueView, @"redView":redView}]; [self.view addConstraints:vCons]; NSLayoutConstraint *redLeftCon = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:redView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeft relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:blueView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeCenterX multiplier:1.0 constant:0]; [self.view addConstraint:redLeftCon]; }
小结
最后对格式的字符串作一个总结介绍:
功能 | 表达式 |
水平方向 | H: |
垂直方向 | V: |
Views | [view] |
SuperView | | |
关系 | >=,==,<= |
空间,间隙 | - |
优先级 | @value |