• 数据库的基本使用(C#语言)


    数据库的基本使用
    @

    insert

    格式: insert into 表名() values()
    其中,values 是带s

    **格式: i**nsert into T1(name,age) values('aaa',30)
    T1是表名;
    name,age 是T1表中的键名,则'aaa',30是分别对应的值	
    == >values中的顺序要和表名后的顺序一致。
    

    select 的使用

    格式: select Name,Id from T1
    Name, Id 是表中的键名,多个键名之间使用逗号分开
    T1 是表格
    

    delete

    "delete from Table_Student where Name ='aaa' "; 
       
    delete from T_Student where Name='yzk'   
    
    从 T_Student表中删除Name字段等于yzk的数据
    
    delete from T_Student  删除所有数据
    
    delete from T_Student where Age>100 or Name='yzk' 或者
    
    delete from T_Student where Age>100 and Height>150  并且
    

    update 更新

    update T_Student set Age=Age+1
    
    update T_Student set Age=Age+1,AiHao='吃饭'
    
    update T_Student set AiHao='散步' where Age>100
    
    select * from T_Student where Age<30
    

    Like模糊查询

    select * from T_Student where Name like 'y%'	这个是查询以y开头的数据
    
    select * from T_Student where Name like 'y%k' 	这个是查询以y开头,  k为结尾的数据
    
    
    select * from T_Student where Name like '%a%'	查询含有名字中含有a 的数据
    

    Order 排序

    按照一个字段排序 select * from T_Student order by Age 默认是升序排列

    select * from T_Student order by Age, Height 
    

    如果Age一样,则再按照Height排序

    下面是降序排列,降序Descending

    select * from T_Student order by Age Desc 
    

    下面是如果Age一样,则再按照Height排序

    	select * from T_Student order by Age, Height DEsc	
    

    下面的语句是一个整体

    select * from T_Student where Name like 'y%' 
    order by Age 
    

    where要在order by之前

    GETDATA()

    GETDATA(),sql 内置的函数
    用来获取当前时间
    其中,下面的as是在查询结果显示的时候,起别名

    select Name as selectname, GETDATE() from Table_Student
    

    在这里插入图片描述

    聚合函数:MAX,MIN,AVG,SUM,COUNT

    Max

    查询Height、Age的最大值
    select Max(Height) as maxid, Age as myAge   from Table_Student 
    

    COUNT

    下面是查询在Age > 100 中所有的行数
    select COUTN(*) from Table_Student where Age >100
    

    ADO.Net 平台的使用

    简介:.Net中用来向数据库提交执行SQL语句的一堆类。
    

    在C#中使用的格式

              // SqlConnection 继承的父类 SqlConnection 实现在对自动回收接口的继承
                // public abstract class DbConnection : Component, IDbConnection, IDisposable
                /* SqlConnection 实例化建立新的连接
                 *  Data Source 表示 IP,如果是本机通信的话,只需要写 .  就可以了
                 *  Initial Catalog 对应的数据库中将要操作的表格
                 *  User ID 表示数据库登录的账户名称,sa表示的是管理员账户名称
                 *  Password 表示数据库登录的密码
                 * 
                 */
                // 如数据库建立连接
                using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection
                    ("Data Source = 192.168.43.102; Initial Catalog = MyTest; User ID = sa; Password = 123"))
                {
                    
                    conn.Open();    // 打开数据库
                    /*
                     *  conn.CreateCommand  创建操作命令
                     *  cmd.CommandText     后面接的是sql语句
                     *  cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 实施查询
                     *  
                     */
    
                    using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())  // 创建数据库的操作指令信息
                    {
    					// 操作数据库的相关指令信息
    
                    }
                }
    

    insert 在 C# 的使用

    一下是在wpf 中的Button按钮对应的控制方法
    ,cs 文件内容如下:

           /// <summary>
            /// 向数据库写入信息
            /// Insert语句的使用
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="sender"></param>
            /// <param name="e"></param>
            private void button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                // SqlConnection 继承的父类 SqlConnection 实现在对自动回收接口的继承
                // public abstract class DbConnection : Component, IDbConnection, IDisposable
                /* SqlConnection 实例化建立新的连接
                 *  Data Source 表示 IP,如果是本机通信的话,只需要写 .  就可以了
                 *  Initial Catalog 对应的数据库中将要操作的表格
                 *  User ID 表示数据库登录的账户名称,sa表示的是管理员账户名称
                 *  Password 表示数据库登录的密码
                 * 
                 */
                using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection
                    ("Data Source = 192.168.43.102; Initial Catalog = MyTest; User ID = sa; Password = 123"))
                {
                    
                    conn.Open();    // 打开数据库的连接
                    /*
                     *  conn.CreateCommand  创建操作命令
                     *  cmd.CommandText     后面接的是sql语句
                     *  cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 实施查询
                     *  
                     */
                    using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                    {
                        cmd.CommandText = "Insert into Table_Student(Name, Age, Height) Values ('Vs插入数据', 12, 12.1212)";
                        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
    
                    }
                    MessageBox.Show("写入数据成功");
    
                }
            }
    

    对应的
    MainWindow.xaml文件如下

    <Window x:Class="ShuJuKu15_ADONet_JiChu.MainWindow"
            xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
            xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
            xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
            xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
            xmlns:local="clr-namespace:ShuJuKu15_ADONet_JiChu"
            mc:Ignorable="d"
            Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
        <Grid>
            <Button x:Name="button" Content="写入数据" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="230,92,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="button_Click"/>
       
        </Grid>
    </Window>
    
    

    对应的界面如下

    在这里插入图片描述

    delete 的使用

    对应的.cs文件

    
            /// <summary>
            /// 数据库删除信息
            /// delete语句的使用
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="sender"></param>
            /// <param name="e"></param>
            private void btn_delete_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                // SqlConnection 继承的父类 SqlConnection 实现在对自动回收接口的继承
                // public abstract class DbConnection : Component, IDbConnection, IDisposable
                using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection
                    ("Data Source = .; Initial Catalog = MyTest; User ID = sa; Password = 123"))
                    //("Data Source = 192.168.43.102; Initial Catalog = MyTest; User ID = sa; Password = 123"))
                {
                    conn.Open();
                    using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                    {
                        cmd.CommandText = "delete from Table_Student where Name ='aaa' ";
                        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
    
                    }
                    MessageBox.Show("删除数据成功");
    
                }
            }
    

    对应的.wpf文件

    <Window x:Class="ShuJuKu15_ADONet_JiChu.MainWindow"
            xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
            xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
            xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
            xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
            xmlns:local="clr-namespace:ShuJuKu15_ADONet_JiChu"
            mc:Ignorable="d"
            Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
        <Grid>
            <Button x:Name="btn_delete" Content="删除数据" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="230,120,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="btn_delete_Click" />
        </Grid>
    </Window>
    
    

    对应的界面
    在这里插入图片描述

    其他的操作同理。最后,融合在一起后, 形成的界面如下:
    在这里插入图片描述

    对应的.wpf 文件如下

    <Window x:Class="ShuJuKu15_ADONet_JiChu.MainWindow"
            xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
            xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
            xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
            xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
            xmlns:local="clr-namespace:ShuJuKu15_ADONet_JiChu"
            mc:Ignorable="d"
            Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
        <Grid>
            <Button x:Name="button" Content="写入数据" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="230,92,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="button_Click"/>
            <Button x:Name="btn_delete" Content="删除数据" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="230,120,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="btn_delete_Click" />
            <Button x:Name="btn_update" Content="更新数据" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="230,150,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="btn_update_Click" />
            <Button x:Name="btn_queryAllLine" Content="查询总行数" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="363,92,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="btn_queryAllLine_Click"/>
            <Button x:Name="btn_writeAndReturnId" Content="写入数据并方式对应的ID" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="320,120,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="150"  Click="btn_writeAndReturnId_Click"/>
       
        </Grid>
    </Window>
    
    

    对应的.cs文件如下

    
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Data.SqlClient;    // 数据库空间引入
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Threading.Tasks;
    using System.Windows;
    using System.Windows.Controls;
    using System.Windows.Data;
    using System.Windows.Documents;
    using System.Windows.Input;
    using System.Windows.Media;
    using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
    using System.Windows.Navigation;
    using System.Windows.Shapes;
    
    namespace ShuJuKu15_ADONet_JiChu
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
        /// </summary>
        public partial class MainWindow : Window
        {
            public MainWindow()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
            }
            /// <summary>
            /// 向数据库写入信息
            /// Insert语句的使用
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="sender"></param>
            /// <param name="e"></param>
            private void button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                // SqlConnection 继承的父类 SqlConnection 实现在对自动回收接口的继承
                // public abstract class DbConnection : Component, IDbConnection, IDisposable
                /* SqlConnection 实例化建立新的连接
                 *  Data Source 表示 IP,如果是本机通信的话,只需要写 .  就可以了
                 *  Initial Catalog 对应的数据库中将要操作的表格
                 *  User ID 表示数据库登录的账户名称,sa表示的是管理员账户名称
                 *  Password 表示数据库登录的密码
                 * 
                 */
                using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection
                    ("Data Source = 192.168.43.102; Initial Catalog = MyTest; User ID = sa; Password = 123"))
                {
                    
                    conn.Open();    // 打开数据库的连接
                    /*
                     *  conn.CreateCommand  创建操作命令
                     *  cmd.CommandText     后面接的是sql语句
                     *  cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 实施查询
                     *  
                     */
                    using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                    {
                        cmd.CommandText = "Insert into Table_Student(Name, Age, Height) Values ('Vs插入数据', 12, 12.1212)";
                        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
    
                    }
                    MessageBox.Show("写入数据成功");
    
                }
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 数据库删除信息
            /// delete语句的使用
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="sender"></param>
            /// <param name="e"></param>
            private void btn_delete_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                // SqlConnection 继承的父类 SqlConnection 实现在对自动回收接口的继承
                // public abstract class DbConnection : Component, IDbConnection, IDisposable
                using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection
                    ("Data Source = .; Initial Catalog = MyTest; User ID = sa; Password = 123"))
                    //("Data Source = 192.168.43.102; Initial Catalog = MyTest; User ID = sa; Password = 123"))
                {
                    conn.Open();
                    using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                    {
                        cmd.CommandText = "delete from Table_Student where Name ='aaa' ";
                        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
    
                    }
                    MessageBox.Show("删除数据成功");
    
                }
            }
            /// <summary>
            /// 数据库更新信息
            ///  update 语句的使用
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="sender"></param>
            /// <param name="e"></param>
            private void btn_update_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection
                    ("Data Source = 192.168.43.102; Initial Catalog = MyTest; User ID = sa; Password = 123"))
                {
                    conn.Open();
                    using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                    {
                        cmd.CommandText = "update Table_Student set Age = 2 where Name ='Vs插入数据' ";
                        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
    
                    }
                    MessageBox.Show("更新数据成功");
    
                }
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 数据库查询信息
            /// select 语句的应用
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="sender"></param>
            /// <param name="e"></param>
            private void btn_queryAllLine_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection
                    ("Data Source  = 192.168.43.102; Initial Catalog = MyTest; User ID = sa; Password = 123"))
                {
                    int tmp = 0;
                    conn.Open();
                    using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                    {
                        cmd.CommandText = "select count(*) from Table_Student ";
                        int i = (int)cmd.ExecuteScalar();   //ExecuteScalar一般用来执行有且只有一行一列返回值的SQL语句
                        tmp = i;
                        /*
                        //下面这段是查询数据库表格中是否有'aaa'并返回aaa
                        cmd.CommandText = "select 'aaa'";
                        //ExecuteScalar一般用来执行有且只有一行一列返回值的SQL语句
                        string s = (string)cmd.ExecuteScalar();
                        MessageBox.Show(s);
                        */
                    }
                    MessageBox.Show("总共有【" + tmp + "】条数据");
                }
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 写入数据库中的表格并获取ID
            /// insert 与 select ,及关键词 @@identity , output 的使用
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="sender"></param>
            /// <param name="e"></param>
            private void btn_writeAndReturnId_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                // SqlConnection 继承的父类 SqlConnection 实现在对自动回收接口的继承
                // public abstract class DbConnection : Component, IDbConnection, IDisposable
                using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection
                    ("Data Source = 192.168.43.102; Initial Catalog = MyTest; User ID = sa; Password = 123"))
                {
                    conn.Open();
                    using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                    {
    
                        cmd.CommandText = "insert into Table_Student(Name, Age) values('bbb', 111)";
                        cmd.CommandText = "select Max(ID) as maxid Table_Student ";
                        string s = (string)cmd.ExecuteScalar();
                        MessageBox.Show(s);
                        //获得自字段的值
                        // @@ 是什么意思
                        // 这段注释同样是写入数据库中的表格并获取ID, 但是不是很好,因为这是,如果下写入数据后,如果有新的数据
                        //突然插进来写入新的数据,这个时候获取的ID就不是原来的ID , 而是新的ID,这就不对了
                        cmd.CommandText = "insert into Table_Student(Name,Age) values('aaa',123) ;select @@identity";
                        decimal i = (decimal)cmd.ExecuteScalar();//
    
                        ////写入数据并返回该数据对应的id值
                        //cmd.CommandText = "insert into Table_Student(Name,Age) output inserted.Id values('aaa',123) ";
                        //long i = (long)cmd.ExecuteScalar();//数据库bigint→C#平台long
                        MessageBox.Show(i.ToString());
                    }
                    MessageBox.Show("写入数据成功");
    
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jyfootprint/p/10261478.html
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