• silverlight4数据与通信之WebClient详解


    编写一个简单的示例,在该示例中,选择一本书籍之后,我们通过 Web Client 去查询书籍的价格,并显

    示出来,最终的效果如下: 

    编写界面布局,XAML 如下:

    <UserControl x:Class="sample.s12"
    xmlns
    ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x
    ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:d
    ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc
    ="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable
    ="d"
    d:DesignHeight
    ="300" d:DesignWidth="400" Loaded="UserControl_Loaded">

    <Grid Background="#46461F">
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
    <RowDefinition Height="40"></RowDefinition>
    <RowDefinition Height="*"></RowDefinition>
    <RowDefinition Height="40"></RowDefinition>
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
    <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
    <Border Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" CornerRadius="15"
    Width
    ="240" Height="36"
    Margin
    ="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
    <TextBlock Text="书籍列表" Foreground="White"
    HorizontalAlignment
    ="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center"
    Margin
    ="20 0 0 0"></TextBlock>
    </Border>
    <ListBox x:Name="Books" Grid.Row="1" Margin="40 10 10 10"
    SelectionChanged
    ="Books_SelectionChanged">
    <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
    <DataTemplate>
    <StackPanel>
    <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" Height="32"></TextBlock>
    </StackPanel>
    </DataTemplate>
    </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
    </ListBox>
    <Border Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" CornerRadius="15"
    Width
    ="240" Height="36" Background="Orange"
    Margin
    ="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
    <TextBlock x:Name="lblPrice" Text="价格:" Foreground="White"
    HorizontalAlignment
    ="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center"
    Margin
    ="20 0 0 0"></TextBlock>
    </Border>
    </Grid>
    </UserControl>

    为了模拟查询价格,我们编写一个 HttpHandler,接收书籍的 No,并返回价格:

    右键点击Web项目--添加--新建项--一般处理程序(选中Web)--改名为BookHandler--添加

    如下图所示:

    然后添加以下代码:

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Web;

    namespace sample.Web
    {

    public class BookHandler : IHttpHandler
    {
    public static readonly string[] PriceList = new string[] {
    "66.00",
    "78.30",
    "56.50",
    "28.80",
    "77.00"};
    public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
    {
    context.Response.ContentType
    = "text/plain";
    context.Response.Write(PriceList[Int32.Parse(context.Request.QueryString[
    "No"])]);
    }

    public bool IsReusable
    {
    get
    {
    return false;
    }
    }
    }
    }

    特别注意,如果修改“一般处理程序”的名称,比如默认为Handler1,后修改为BookHandler。就会出现未能创建类型“sample.Web.Handler1”的错误,出现这个错误的原因是修改不完全。

    解决方法:右键点击ashx文件,查看标记进行修改即可


    新建一个BookClass类

     

    using System;
    using System.Net;
    using System.Windows;
    using System.Windows.Controls;
    using System.Windows.Documents;
    using System.Windows.Ink;
    using System.Windows.Input;
    using System.Windows.Media;
    using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
    using System.Windows.Shapes;

    namespace sample
    {
    public class BookClass
    {
    private string name;

    public BookClass(string name)
    {
    this.name = name;
    }

    public string Name
    {
    get { return name; }
    set { name = value; }
    }
    }
    }

    然后在后台代码里面进行绑定

     

    private void UserControl_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {

    List
    <BookClass> books = new List<BookClass>()
    {
    new BookClass("Professional ASP.NET 3.5"),
    new BookClass("ASP.NET AJAX In Action"),
    new BookClass("Silverlight In Action"),
    new BookClass("ASP.NET 3.5 Unleashed"),
    new BookClass("Introducing Microsoft ASP.NET AJAX")
    };

    Books.ItemsSource
    = books;
    }

    现在就可以看到书名的列表了

    然后添加SelectionChanged事件。

    接下来当用户选择一本书籍时,需要通过Web Client去获取书籍的价格,在Silverlight 中,所有的网络通信API都设计为了异步模式。在声明一个Web Client实例后,我们需要为它注册DownloadStringCompleted事件处理方法,在下载完成后将会被回调,然后再调用DownloadStringAsync方法开始下载。

    private void Books_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
    {
    //端口可根据自己的情况随便更改
    Uri endpoint = new Uri(String.Format("http://localhost:80/BookHandler.ashx?No={0}",Books.SelectedIndex));

    WebClient client
    = new WebClient();
    client.DownloadStringCompleted
    += new DownloadStringCompletedEventHandler(client_DownloadStringCompleted);

    client.DownloadStringAsync(endpoint);
    }
    void client_DownloadStringCompleted(object sender, DownloadStringCompletedEventArgs e)
    {

    if (e.Error == null)
    {
    lblPrice.Text
    = "价格:" + e.Result;
    }
    else
    {
    lblPrice.Text
    = e.Error.Message;
    }
    }

    最后,设置好端口号,注意要与厚度代码中的端口号一致


    然后右键点击测试页--在浏览器中查看。至此,你就可以看到最开始展示的页面效果了,注意打开的页面的地址一定是要localhost开头的(IIS),如果是本地路径,那就无法达到效果。

     

    学习资料来源:http://www.cnblogs.com/Terrylee/archive/2008/03/09/Silverlight2-step-by-step-part12-data-and-Communications-webclient.html

    按照此方法步骤,中间有些过程跳跃比较大,所以写此详解,供初学者参考。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/junyuz/p/1937406.html
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