编写一个简单的示例,在该示例中,选择一本书籍之后,我们通过 Web Client 去查询书籍的价格,并显
示出来,最终的效果如下:
编写界面布局,XAML 如下:
<UserControl x:Class="sample.s12"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
mc:Ignorable="d"
d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="400" Loaded="UserControl_Loaded">
<Grid Background="#46461F">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="40"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="*"></RowDefinition>
<RowDefinition Height="40"></RowDefinition>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Border Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" CornerRadius="15"
Width="240" Height="36"
Margin="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
<TextBlock Text="书籍列表" Foreground="White"
HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center"
Margin="20 0 0 0"></TextBlock>
</Border>
<ListBox x:Name="Books" Grid.Row="1" Margin="40 10 10 10"
SelectionChanged="Books_SelectionChanged">
<ListBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" Height="32"></TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</DataTemplate>
</ListBox.ItemTemplate>
</ListBox>
<Border Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" CornerRadius="15"
Width="240" Height="36" Background="Orange"
Margin="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
<TextBlock x:Name="lblPrice" Text="价格:" Foreground="White"
HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center"
Margin="20 0 0 0"></TextBlock>
</Border>
</Grid>
</UserControl>
为了模拟查询价格,我们编写一个 HttpHandler,接收书籍的 No,并返回价格:
右键点击Web项目--添加--新建项--一般处理程序(选中Web)--改名为BookHandler--添加
如下图所示:
然后添加以下代码:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
namespace sample.Web
{
public class BookHandler : IHttpHandler
{
public static readonly string[] PriceList = new string[] {
"66.00",
"78.30",
"56.50",
"28.80",
"77.00"};
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
context.Response.Write(PriceList[Int32.Parse(context.Request.QueryString["No"])]);
}
public bool IsReusable
{
get
{
return false;
}
}
}
}
特别注意,如果修改“一般处理程序”的名称,比如默认为Handler1,后修改为BookHandler。就会出现未能创建类型“sample.Web.Handler1”的错误,出现这个错误的原因是修改不完全。
解决方法:右键点击ashx文件,查看标记进行修改即可
新建一个BookClass类
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Ink;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
namespace sample
{
public class BookClass
{
private string name;
public BookClass(string name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set { name = value; }
}
}
}
然后在后台代码里面进行绑定
private void UserControl_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
List<BookClass> books = new List<BookClass>()
{
new BookClass("Professional ASP.NET 3.5"),
new BookClass("ASP.NET AJAX In Action"),
new BookClass("Silverlight In Action"),
new BookClass("ASP.NET 3.5 Unleashed"),
new BookClass("Introducing Microsoft ASP.NET AJAX")
};
Books.ItemsSource = books;
}
现在就可以看到书名的列表了
然后添加SelectionChanged事件。
接下来当用户选择一本书籍时,需要通过Web Client去获取书籍的价格,在Silverlight 中,所有的网络通信API都设计为了异步模式。在声明一个Web Client实例后,我们需要为它注册DownloadStringCompleted事件处理方法,在下载完成后将会被回调,然后再调用DownloadStringAsync方法开始下载。
private void Books_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
//端口可根据自己的情况随便更改
Uri endpoint = new Uri(String.Format("http://localhost:80/BookHandler.ashx?No={0}",Books.SelectedIndex));
WebClient client = new WebClient();
client.DownloadStringCompleted += new DownloadStringCompletedEventHandler(client_DownloadStringCompleted);
client.DownloadStringAsync(endpoint);
}
void client_DownloadStringCompleted(object sender, DownloadStringCompletedEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Error == null)
{
lblPrice.Text = "价格:" + e.Result;
}
else
{
lblPrice.Text = e.Error.Message;
}
}
最后,设置好端口号,注意要与厚度代码中的端口号一致
然后右键点击测试页--在浏览器中查看。至此,你就可以看到最开始展示的页面效果了,注意打开的页面的地址一定是要localhost开头的(IIS),如果是本地路径,那就无法达到效果。
按照此方法步骤,中间有些过程跳跃比较大,所以写此详解,供初学者参考。