python--面向对象编程之学生选课系统练习

1、系统目录结构

文件夹注解：

bin--系统管理员和学生的主程序代码

config--系统的配置文件

db--系统的数据文件

　　admin--管理员的数据文件

　　student--学生的数据文件

lib--系统的公共类文件

 1、admin.py

　　主要用于管理员注册、登录系统、创建授课老师、创建课程等操作。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
"""
管理员可操作的方法
"""
import os
import sys
sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
import  pickle
import os
from lib import models
from config import settings
from lib.models import Course
from lib.models import Teacher
from lib.models import Admin


def create_teacher(admin_obj):
    """
    管理员创建老师
    :param admin_obj:
    :return:
    """
    teacher_list = []
    while True:
        teacher_name = input("请输入老师的姓名：(q退出)")
        if teacher_name == "q":
            break
        teacher_age = input("请输入老师的年龄：")
        obj = models.Teacher(teacher_name, teacher_age, admin_obj)
        teacher_list.append(obj)
        if os.path.exists("teacher_list"): #判断老师列表是否存在
            exists_list = pickle.load(open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
            teacher_list.extend(exists_list)
        pickle.dump(teacher_list, open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'wb'))

def create_course(admin_obj):
    """
    管理员创建课程
    :param admin_obj:
    :return:
    """
    teacher_list = pickle.load(open(settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
    for num, item in enumerate(teacher_list, 1):
        print(num, item.name, item.age, item.create_time, item.create_admin.username)
    course_list = []
    while True:
        name = input("请输入课程名(q退出):")
        if name == "q":
            break
        cost = input("请输入课时费:")
        num = input('请选择老师(序号):')
        obj = models.Course(name, cost, teacher_list[int(num) - 1], admin_obj)
        course_list.append(obj)
    if os.path.exists(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR): #判断课程列表是否存在
        exists_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
        course_list.extend(exists_list)
    pickle.dump(course_list, open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'wb'))

def look_course():
    """
    管理员查看课程表
    :return:
    """
    course_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
    for num, item in enumerate(course_list, 1):
        print(num, item.course_name, item.cost, item.teacher.name, item.create_time, item.create_admin.username)

def to_login(user, pwd):
    """
    管理员登录的方法
    :param user:
    :param pwd:
    :return:
    """
    if os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, user)):
        # 从文件中将管理员对象读取出来（里面封装了用户信息以及提供了登录访求）
        admin_obj = pickle.load(open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, user), 'rb'))
        if admin_obj.login(user, pwd):
            print('登录成功！')
            while True:
                sel = input("1、创建老师；2、创建课程; 3、查看课程表(q退出程序) 
 >>>>")
                if sel == '1':  #创建老师
                    create_teacher(admin_obj)
                elif sel == '2':  #创建课程
                    create_course(admin_obj)
                elif sel == '3':
                    look_course()
                else:
                    break
        else:
            return 1
    else:
        return 0

def to_register(user, pwd):
    """
    管理员注册的方法
    :param user:
    :param pwd:
    :return:
    """
    admin_obj = models.Admin()
    admin_obj.register(user, pwd)

def main():
    inp = input("1、管理员登录； 2、管理员注册；
 >>>>>")
    user = input('请输入用户名：')
    pwd = input('请输入密码：')
    if inp == '1':
        ret = to_login(user, pwd)
        if ret == 1:
            print("密码错误！")
        elif ret == 0:
            print("用户不存在！")

    elif inp == '2':
        to_register(user, pwd)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

2、students.py

　　主要是学生注册、登录系统，选课等操作。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
"""
学生可操作的方法
"""
import os
import sys
import pickle
sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))

from lib.models import Course
from lib.models import Admin
from lib.models import Teacher
from config import settings
from lib import models

def to_select_course(student_obj):
    """
    学生选课的方法
    :param student_obj:
    :return:
    """
    course_list = pickle.load(open(settings.COURSE_DB_DIR, 'rb'))
    for num, item in enumerate(course_list, 1):
        print(num, item.course_name, item.cost, item.teacher.name)
    while True:
        num = input("请选择课程(q退出)：")
        if num == 'q':
            break
        select_course_obj = course_list[int(num) - 1]
        if select_course_obj not in student_obj.course_list:
            student_obj.course_list.append(select_course_obj)
    pickle.dump(student_obj, open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, student_obj.username), 'wb'))

def course_info(student_obj):
    """
    查看学生已选择的课程
    :return:
    """
    for item in student_obj.course_list:
        print(item.course_name, item.teacher.name)

def to_register(user, pwd):
    """
    学生注册
    :param user:
    :param pwd:
    :return:
    """
    obj = models.Student()
    obj.register(user, pwd)

def to_login(user, pwd):
    """
    学生登录
    :param user:
    :param pwd:
    :return:
    """
    if os.path.exists(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, user)):
        student_obj = pickle.load(open(os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, user), 'rb'))
        if student_obj.login(user, pwd):
            inp = input('1、选课；2、上课；3、查看已选课程 
 >>>')
            if inp == '1':
                to_select_course(student_obj)
            elif inp == '3':
                course_info(student_obj)
            elif inp == '2':
                pass
        else:
            print('密码错误')
    else:
        print("学生用户不存在")

def main():
    inp = input("1、学生登录；2、学生注册；
 >>>")
    user = input("请输入学生用户名：")
    pwd = input("请输入登录密码：")
    if inp == '1':
        to_login(user, pwd)
    elif inp == '2':
        to_register(user, pwd)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

3、settings.py

　　系统主要路径参数的设置文件

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import os
#定义路径变量
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
BASE_ADMIN_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "admin")
BASE_STUDENTS_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "students")
TEACHER_DB_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "teacher_list")
COURSE_DB_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db", "course_list")

4、models.py

　　系统公共类的代码实现

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
"""
用于存储老师、管理员、学生类
"""

import time
import  pickle
from config import settings
import os


#定义老师类
class Teacher:
    """
    封装老师的相关信息
    """
    def __init__(self, name, age, admin):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.__assets = 0
        self.create_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        self.create_admin = admin

    def gain(self, cost):
        """
        增加资产
        :param cost: 增加的数量
        :return:
        """
        self.__assets += cost

    def decrease(self, cost):
        """
        减少资产
        :param cost: 减少的数量
        :return:
        """
        self.__assets -= cost

#定义课程类
class Course:
    """
    课程相关信息
    """
    def __init__(self, course_name, cost, teacher_obj, admin):
        self.course_name = course_name
        self.cost = cost
        self.teacher = teacher_obj
        self.create_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        self.create_admin = admin

#定义管理员类
class Admin:
    """
    封装管理员
    """
    def __init__(self):
        self.username = None
        self.password = None

    def login(self, user, pwd):
        """
        管理员登录
        :param user:
        :param pwd:
        :return:
        """
        if self.username == user and self.password == pwd:
            return True
        else:
            return False

    def register(self, user, pwd):
        """
        管理员注册
        :param user:
        :param pwd:
        :return:
        """
        self.username = user
        self.password= pwd

        path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_ADMIN_DIR, self.username)
        pickle.dump(self, open(path, 'xb'))

#定义学生类
class Student:
    """
    学生相关信息
    """
    def __init__(self):
        self.username = None
        self.password = None

        self.course_list = []
        self.study_dict = {}

    def select_course(self, course_obj):
        """
        学生选课
        :param course_obj:
        :return:
        """
        self.course_list.append(course_obj)

    def register(self, user, pwd):
        """
        学生注册
        :param user:
        :param pwd:
        :return:
        """
        self.username = user
        self.password = pwd
        path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_STUDENTS_DIR, self.username)
        pickle.dump(self, open(path, 'xb'))

    def login(self, user, pwd):
        """
        学生登录
        :param user:
        :param pwd:
        :return:
        """
        if self.username == user and self.password == pwd:
            return True
        else:
            return False

    def study(self, course_obj):
        """
        学生上课
        :param course_obj:
        :return:
        """
        class_result = course_obj.have_lesson()
        if course_obj in self.study_dict.keys():
            self.study_dict[course_obj].append(class_result)
        else:
             self.study_dict[course_obj] = [class_result,]