024 SpringMvc的异常处理

一：说明

1.介绍

　　Springmvc提供HandlerExceptionResolver处理异常，包括Handler映射，数据绑定，以及目标方法执行。

2.几个接口的实现类

　　AnnotationMethodHandlerExceptionResolver

　　DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver

　　ResponseStatusExceptionResolver

　　SimpleMappingExceptonResolver

　　ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver

　　当开发的时候，如果配置了<mvc:annotation-driven>时，就默认配置了一下的实现类：

　　ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver，ResponseStatusExceptionResolver，DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver

二：ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver

1.介绍

2.程序

　　可以做到，出现异常，使用springmvc的注解进行处理异常。

 1 package com.spring.it.exception;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
 7 
 8 @Controller
 9 public class ExceptionHandlerDemo {
10     /**
11      *异常处理类
12      */
13     @RequestMapping("/testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver")
14     public String testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i) {
15         System.out.println("result="+(10/i));
16         return "success";
17     }
18     
19     /**
20      * 异常的处理
21      */
22     @ExceptionHandler({ArithmeticException.class})
23     public String handlerArithmeticException(Exception ex) {
24         System.out.println("come a exception:"+ex);
25         return "error";
26     }
27     
28 }

3.error.jsp

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
 2     pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <h3>Error page</h3>
11 </body>
12 </html>

4.效果

5.页面显示异常的方式

　　@ExceptionHandler方法的入参中不能传入Map，若是希望将异常的信息导入到页面，需要使用ModelAndView方法作为返回值。

 1 package com.spring.it.exception;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
 7 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
 8 
 9 @Controller
10 public class ExceptionHandlerDemo {
11     /**
12      *异常处理类
13      */
14     @RequestMapping("/testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver")
15     public String testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i) {
16         System.out.println("result="+(10/i));
17         return "success";
18     }
19     
20     /**
21      * 异常的处理
22      */
23     @ExceptionHandler({ArithmeticException.class})
24     public ModelAndView handlerArithmeticException(Exception ex) {
25         System.out.println("come a exception:"+ex);
26         ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView("error");
27         mv.addObject("exception", ex);
28         return mv;
29     }
30     
31 }

6.error。jsp

　　获取异常信息

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
 2     pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <h3>Error page</h3>
11     ${exception }
12 </body>
13 </html>

7.效果

8.优先级

　　如果出现多个异常的处理方法，走哪一个方法呢？

　　是找与异常匹配度更高的处理异常方法。

9.@ControllerAdvice

　　如果在当前的@ExceptionHandler处理当前方法出现的异常，则去由@ControllerAdvice标记的类中查找@ExceptionHandler标记的方法

结构：

ExceptionHandlerDemo：

 1 package com.spring.it.exception;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
 7 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
 8 
 9 @Controller
10 public class ExceptionHandlerDemo {
11     /**
12      *异常处理类
13      */
14     @RequestMapping("/testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver")
15     public String testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i) {
16         System.out.println("result="+(10/i));
17         return "success";
18     }
19     
20     
21 }

HandlerException：

 1 package com.spring.it.exception;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
 5 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
 6 
 7 @ControllerAdvice
 8 public class HandlerException {
 9     /**
10      * 异常的处理
11      */
12     @ExceptionHandler({ArithmeticException.class})
13     public ModelAndView handlerArithmeticException(Exception ex) {
14         System.out.println("come a exception:"+ex);
15         ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView("error");
16         mv.addObject("exception", ex);
17         return mv;
18     }
19     
20 }

三：ResponseStatusExceptionResolvler

1.介绍

2.@ResponseStatus注解的类

1 package com.spring.it.exception;
2 
3 import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
5 
6 @ResponseStatus(value=HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN,reason="用户名与密码不匹配")
7 public class UserNameNotMatchPasswordException extends RuntimeException{
8     private static final long serialVersionUID=1L;
9 }

3.处理异常类

 1 package com.spring.it.exception;
 2 
 3 import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.UEncoder;
 4 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 7 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
 8 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
 9 
10 @Controller
11 public class ExceptionHandlerDemo {
12     /**
13      *异常处理类,test ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
14      */
15     @RequestMapping("/testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver")
16     public String testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i) {
17         System.out.println("result="+(10/i));
18         return "success";
19     }
20     
21     /**
22      *异常处理类,test ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
23      */
24     @RequestMapping("/testResponseStatusExceptionResolver")
25     public String testResponseStatusExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i) {
26         if(i==12) {
27             throw new UserNameNotMatchPasswordException();
28         }else {
29             System.out.println("conmmon execute");
30         }
31         return "success";
32     }
33     
34     
35     
36 }

4.效果

四：DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver

1.介绍

五：SimpleMappingExceptionResolver

1.介绍

2.处理类

 1 package com.spring.it.exception;
 2 
 3 import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.UEncoder;
 4 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 7 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
 8 import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
 9 
10 @Controller
11 public class ExceptionHandlerDemo {
12     /**
13      *异常处理类,test ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
14      */
15     @RequestMapping("/testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver")
16     public String testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i) {
17         System.out.println("result="+(10/i));
18         return "success";
19     }
20     
21     /**
22      *异常处理类,test ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
23      */
24     @RequestMapping("/testResponseStatusExceptionResolver")
25     public String testResponseStatusExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i) {
26         if(i==12) {
27             throw new UserNameNotMatchPasswordException();
28         }else {
29             System.out.println("conmmon execute");
30         }
31         return "success";
32     }
33     
34     /**
35      *异常处理类,test ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
36      */
37     @RequestMapping("/testSimpleMappingExceptionResolver")
38     public String testSimpleMappingExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i) {
39         String[] array=new String[10];
40         String num=array[i];
41         System.out.println("num:"+num);
42         return "success";
43     }
44     
45     
46     
47 }

2.效果

3.解决方式

　　这个异常可以有SimpleMappingExceptionResolver来处理。

　　在xml中注册。

　　出现什么异常转到哪一个页面。

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 5     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 6     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
 7     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
 8         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
 9         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
10         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
11         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
12     <!-- 配置自定义扫描的包 -->               
13     <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.it" ></context:component-scan>
14     
15     <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
16     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
17         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
18           <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
19     </bean>    
20     
21     <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
22     
23     <!-- 转换器 -->
24     <bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
25         <property name="converters">
26             <set>
27                 <ref bean="employeeConverter"/>
28             </set>
29         </property>
30     </bean>
31     <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"></mvc:annotation-driven>
32     
33     <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
34     <mvc:annotation-driven ignore-default-model-on-redirect="true"></mvc:annotation-driven>
35     
36     <!-- 国家化 -->
37     <bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
38         <property name="basename" value="i18n"></property>
39     </bean>
40     
41     <!-- <mvc:view-controller path="/i18n" view-name="i18n"/> -->
42     <mvc:view-controller path="/i18n2" view-name="i18n2"/>
43     
44     <!-- 配置SessionLocaleResolver -->
45     <bean id="localeResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver"></bean>
46     
47     
48     <mvc:interceptors>
49         <!-- 配置自定义拦截器 -->
50         <bean class="com.spring.it.interceptors.FirstInterceptor"></bean>
51         <!-- 配置拦截器的作用路径 -->
52         <mvc:interceptor>
53             <mvc:mapping path="/emps"/>
54             <bean class="com.spring.it.interceptors.SecondInterceptor"></bean>
55         </mvc:interceptor>
56     
57         <!-- 配置LocaleChangeInterceter拦截器 -->
58         <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor"></bean>
59     </mvc:interceptors>
60     
61     <!-- 配置CommonsMultipartResolver -->
62     <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
63         <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
64         <property name="maxUploadSize" value="102400"></property>
65     </bean>
66     
67     <!-- 配置SimpleMappingExceptionResolver来映射异常 -->
68     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
69         <property name="exceptionMappings">
70             <props>
71                 <prop key="java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException">error</prop>
72             </props>
73         </property>
74     </bean>
75 </beans>

4.效果

　　在页面上可以看到异常的情况。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/juncaoit/p/8878182.html