创建一个项目
你可以通过创建一个build.gradle的文件来开始一个项目,然后可以向文件中加入构建逻辑。
$ mkdir basic-demo $ cd basic-demo $ touch build.gradle
运行 tasks 命令
一个项目包含了一个多个tasks的集合,每个tasks都完成一个基本的操作
通过运行tasks命令可以查看项目中有哪些可用的tasks
$ gradle tasks :tasks ------------------------------------------------------------ All tasks runnable from root project ------------------------------------------------------------ Build Setup tasks ----------------- init - Initializes a new Gradle build. wrapper - Generates Gradle wrapper files. Help tasks ---------- buildEnvironment - Displays all buildscript dependencies declared in root project 'basic-demo'. components - Displays the components produced by root project 'basic-demo'. [incubating] dependencies - Displays all dependencies declared in root project 'basic-demo'. dependencyInsight - Displays the insight into a specific dependency in root project 'basic-demo'. dependentComponents - Displays the dependent components of components in root project 'basic-demo'. [incubating] help - Displays a help message. model - Displays the configuration model of root project 'basic-demo'. [incubating] projects - Displays the sub-projects of root project 'basic-demo'. properties - Displays the properties of root project 'basic-demo'. tasks - Displays the tasks runnable from root project 'basic-demo'. To see all tasks and more detail, run gradle tasks --all To see more detail about a task, run gradle help --task <task>
创建gradle文件夹
wrapper task 创建一个gradle wrapper文件,这个wrapper文件包含一个小脚本、jar文件和属性文件,
这个wrapper文件可以让用户在没有装Gradle的情况下运行
产生的目录结构如下:
.
├── build.gradle
├── gradle
│ └── wrapper
│ ├── gradle-wrapper.jar
│ └── gradle-wrapper.properties
├── gradlew //Wrapper script for Unix-based systems
└── gradlew.bat //Wrapper script for Windows
运行 properties 命令
properties 命令告诉用户项目有哪些属性
:properties ------------------------------------------------------------ Root project ------------------------------------------------------------ buildDir: /Users/.../basic-demo/build buildFile: /Users/.../basic-demo/build.gradle description: null group: name: basic-demo projectDir: /Users/.../basic-demo version: unspecified BUILD SUCCESSFUL
你可以改变许多用户属性,例如可以添加如下属性到build.gradle文件中:
description = 'A trivial Gradle build' version = '1.0'
配置Gradle核心任务
Gradle本身有一个task库,你可以在自己的项目中配置这些task。例如,Copy是一个核心task,作用是复制文件。
- 创建一个路径:src
- 创建一个叫myfile.txt的文件到src下
- 定义一个类型是Copy的叫做copy的任务,语法如下
task copy(type: Copy) { from 'src' into 'dest' }
执行copy任务:
$ ./gradlew copy :copy
加入一个Hello World!任务
task hello { doLast { println 'Hello, World!' } }
执行,输出 :
$ ./gradlew hello :hello Hello, World! BUILD SUCCESSFUL