• C#


    • 时间:2017-08-24 整理:byzqy

    题目:写出下列程序的输出结果:

    //原题程序如下:
    
    class Class1
    {
        private static int count = 0;
        static Class1()
        {
            count++;
        }
    
        public Class1()
        {
            count++;
        }
    }
    
    Class o1 = new Class1();
    Class o2 = new Class2();
    
    //请问,o1.count的值是多少?

    将代码录入到 IDE(VisualStudio2015)中,将 o1.count 输出:

    文件:Class1.cs

    using System;
    
    namespace Interview5
    {
        class Class1
        {
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                Class1 o1 = new Class1();
                //Console.WriteLine(o1.count);
                //编译报错:无法使用实例引用来访问成员"Class1.count";请改用类型名来限定它
                Console.WriteLine("o1:count= " + count);
                //输出结果为:2
                Console.WriteLine("o1:Class1.count= " + Class1.count);
                //输出结果为:2
                Class1 o2 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine(count);
                //输出结果为:3
    
                Class1 o3 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine(count);
                //输出结果为:4
                Class1 o4 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine(count);
                //输出结果为:5
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
    
            private static int count = 0;
            static Class1()
            {
                count++;
            }
    
            public Class1()
            {
                count++;
            }
        }
    }

    输出结果如下:

    考题意图猜测:

    1、分别对 public 和 static 修饰的构造方法,判断实例化时使用的是哪一个创建的对象,那么这样的话,如果将其中一个的 count++ 改为 count-- 会怎么样?

    2、考实例化多次,对 count 值的影响 o2 的 count 值会覆盖掉 o1 的 count 值?

    验证猜想1:

    将 static Class1 构造方法中的 count++ 改为 count-- :

    using System;
    
    namespace Interview5
    {
        class Class1
        {
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                Class1 o1 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o1: " + count);
                //输出结果为:0
                Class1 o2 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o2: " + count);
                //输出结果为:1
                Class1 o3 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o3: " + count);
                //输出结果为:2
                Class1 o4 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o4: " + count);
                //输出结果为:3
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
    
            private static int count = 0;
            static Class1()
            {
                count--;
                //修改为:count--
            }
    
            public Class1()
            {
                count++;
            }
        }
    }

    将 public Class1 构造方法中的 count++ 改为 count-- :

    using System;
    
    namespace Interview5
    {
        class Class1
        {
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                Class1 o1 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o1: " + count);
                //输出结果为:0
                Class1 o2 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o2: " + count);
                //输出结果为:-1
                Class1 o3 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o3: " + count);
                //输出结果为:-2
                Class1 o4 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o4: " + count);
                //输出结果为:-3
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
    
            private static int count = 0;
            static Class1()
            {
                count++;
            }
    
            public Class1()
            {
                count--;
                //修改为:count--
            }
        }
    }

    实验1:

    using System;
    
    namespace Interview5
    {
        class Class1
        {
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                Class1 o1 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o1: " + count_a);    //输出:1
                Console.WriteLine("o1: " + count_b);    //输出:1
    
                Class1 o2 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o2: " + count_a);    //输出:1
                Console.WriteLine("o2: " + count_b);    //输出:2
    
                Class1 o3 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o3: " + count_a);    //输出:1
                Console.WriteLine("o3: " + count_b);    //输出:3
    
                Class1 o4 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o4: " + count_a);    //输出:1
                Console.WriteLine("o4: " + count_b);    //输出:4
    
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
    
            private static int count_a = 0;
            private static int count_b = 0;
            static Class1()
            {
                count_a++;
            }
    
            public Class1()
            {
                count_b++;
            }
        }
    }

    实验2:

    using System;
    
    namespace Interview5
    {
        class Class1
        {
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                Class1 o1 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o1: " + count_a);    //输出:-1
                Console.WriteLine("o1: " + count_b);    //输出:-1
    
                Class1 o2 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o2: " + count_a);    //输出:-1
                Console.WriteLine("o2: " + count_b);    //输出:-2
    
                Class1 o3 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o3: " + count_a);    //输出:-1
                Console.WriteLine("o3: " + count_b);    //输出:-3
    
                Class1 o4 = new Class1();
                Console.WriteLine("o4: " + count_a);    //输出:-1
                Console.WriteLine("o4: " + count_b);    //输出:-4
    
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
    
            private static int count_a = 0;
            private static int count_b = 0;
            static Class1()
            {
                count_a--;
            }
    
            public Class1()
            {
                count_b--;
            }
        }
    }

    实验3:

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jswl/p/7421010.html
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