• 一起学JAVA之《spring boot》03


    一、导航

    本节内容简介:
    1. spring boot 配置文件,使用@SpringBootApplication注解
    2. spring boot 修改Java版本 和项目编码
    3. 一个标准的spring boot 代码结构
    4. 查看当前项目自动配置了那些模块
    5. 禁用自动配置
    6. 自定义banner及关闭banner

    一、spring boot 配置文件,使用@SpringBootApplication注解

    spring boot 默认使用application.properties或者application.yml,放置在src/main/resources目录或者类路径的/config下,一般建议就放在src/main/resources
    这里我们使用application.properties来配置,这里我们试着修改下端口和访问路径
    目录结构如下:
    idea项目结构
    配置代码:

    server.port=8081
    server.context-path=/boot
    • 1
    • 2

    编写测试controller类

    package com.likeoak.controller;
    
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    /**
     * 测试Controller
     * The type Test controller.
     */
    @RestController
    public class TestController {
        /**
         * 返回 String 字符串,访问成功,返回“test ok”
         * Test string.
         *
         * @return the string
         */
    @RequestMapping("/test")
        public String test(){
    
            return  "test ok!";
        }
    
    }

    启动main方法,及运行APP启动类

    package com.likeoak;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    
    /**
     * 默认启动类
     */
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class App
    {
        public static void main( String[] args )
        {
    
            SpringApplication.run(App.class,args);
        }
    }
    

    访问:http://localhost:8081/boot/test
    结果:test ok!

    代码解释:
    @SpringBootApplication 解释
    先看下注解@SpringBootApplication的源码

    @SpringBootApplication的源码

    @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    @Inherited
    @SpringBootConfiguration
    @EnableAutoConfiguration
    @ComponentScan(excludeFilters = {
            @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
            @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
    public @interface SpringBootApplication {

    里面包含@SpringBootConfiguration的源码

    @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    @Configuration
    public @interface SpringBootConfiguration {

    总结:@SpringBootApplication注解其实是@Configuration,@EnableAutoConfiguration,@ComponentScan这三个注解组合

    注解解释
    @Configuration 注解:标明该类使用Spring是基于java的配置
    @EnableAutoConfiguration :开启自动配置注解,有这个注解spring boot就会根据我们所引用的jar包来自动配置我们需要的配置,这正是spring boot 魔力。

    @ComponentScan:spring扫描注解,有这个注解spring boot 就会扫描(默认是以根路径为准)所有的包,来加载所有的@Bean,所有这里的TestController 就是被扫描到的,我们就可以访问了。

    二、spring boot 修改Java版本 和项目编码

    在使用spring bootde 过程中,想自定义java配置,可以使用以下配置,加载到pom.xml中即可

      <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>

    三、一个标准的spring boot 代码结构

    一个典型的spring boot 项目结构,这也是官网推荐的

    com
     +- example
         +- myproject
             +- Application.java
             |
             +- domain
             |   +- Customer.java
             |   +- CustomerRepository.java
             |
             +- service
             |   +- CustomerService.java
             |
             +- web
                 +- CustomerController.java
    

    四、 查看当前项目自动配置了那些模块

    查看当前项目有哪些自动配置,一共有三种方法
    1. 直接运行jar -jar xxx.jar –debug
    2. 在application中设置属性

    debug=true
    1. 直接在启动的时候,增加启动参数
      idea 增加启动参数--debug

    我们可以选着任何一种,访问结果如下
    已启动配置:

    Positive matches:

    DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration matched:
    - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
    - @ConditionalOnWebApplication (required) found StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition)

    DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DispatcherServletConfiguration matched:
    - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'javax.servlet.ServletRegistration'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
    - Default DispatcherServlet did not find dispatcher servlet beans (DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DefaultDispatcherServletCondition)

    DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DispatcherServletRegistrationConfiguration matched:
    - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'javax.servlet.ServletRegistration'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
    - DispatcherServlet Registration did not find servlet registration bean (DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DispatcherServletRegistrationCondition)

    ....

    未自动配置:

    Negative matches:

    ActiveMQAutoConfiguration:
    Did not match:
    - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'javax.jms.ConnectionFactory', 'org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory' (OnClassCondition)

    AopAutoConfiguration:
    Did not match:
    - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect', 'org.aspectj.lang.reflect.Advice' (OnClassCondition)

    ArtemisAutoConfiguration:
    Did not match:
    - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'javax.jms.ConnectionFactory', 'org.apache.activemq.artemis.jms.client.ActiveMQConnectionFactory' (OnClassCondition)

    BatchAutoConfiguration:
    Did not match:
    - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher', 'org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations' (OnClassCondition)

    ...

    五、 禁用自动配置

    比如不想自动配置数据库连接,就可以用如何代码来关掉自动配置

    /**
     * 测试关闭数据库自动配置
     * The type Data source config.
     */
    @Configuration
    @EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
    public class DataSourceConfig {
    
    }

    六、自定义banner及关闭banner

    自定义spring boot 默认启动图案步骤:
    1. 直接在src/main/resources下创建一个banner.txt
    2. 访问网站http://patorjk.com/software/taag 生成字符,这里我们用”yiqixuejava”(一起学java),将生成的字符复制到banner.txt中,启动应用即可

    启动结果:

            .__         .__                              __
     ___.__.|__|   _____|__| ___  _____ __   ____       |__|____ ___  _______
    <   |  ||  |  / ____/  |   /  /  |  _/ __       |  __  \  / /__  
     ___  ||  | < <_|  |  |  >    <|  |  /  ___/      |  |/ __ \   /  / __ _
     / ____||__|  __   |__| /__/_ ____/  ___  > /\__|  (____  /\_/  (____  /
     /              |__|          /           /  \______|    /           /
    

    后续会继续推出这一系列spring boot的文章

    原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/javastudyr/article/details/73824894

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/8339995.html
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