• Consul 的安装与基本使用


    • 什么是 Consul

      ​ Consul是一种服务网格解决方案,提供具有服务发现,配置和分段功能的全功能控制平面。这些功能中的每一个都可以根据需要单独使用,也可以一起使用以构建全服务网格。Consul需要数据平面并支持代理和本机集成模型。Consul附带一个简单的内置代理,因此一切都可以开箱即用,但也支持第三方代理集成,如Envoy

    • Consul的主要特点

    • 服务发现:Consul 的客户可以注册服务,例如 apimysql,并且其他客户可以使用Consul来发现给定服务的提供者。使用 DNS 或 HTTP,应用程序可以轻松找到它们所依赖的服务。
    • 运行状况检查:Consul 客户端可以提供任意数量的运行状况检查,这些检查与给定服务(“是 Web 服务器返回 200 OK”)或本地节点(“内存利用率低于 90%”)相关联。运营商可以使用此信息来监控群集运行状况,服务发现组件使用该信息将流量路由远离不健康的主机。
    • KV 商店:应用程序可以将 Consul 的分层键/值存储用于任何目的,包括动态配置,功能标记,协调,领导者选举等。简单的 HTTP API 使其易于使用。
    • 安全服务通信:Consul可以为服务生成和分发 TLS 证书,以建立相互的 TLS 连接。 意图 可用于定义允许哪些服务进行通信。可以使用可以实时更改的意图轻松管理服务分段,而不是使用复杂的网络拓扑和静态防火墙规则。
    • 多数据中心:Consul 支持多个数据中心。这意味着 Consul 的用户不必担心构建额外的抽象层以扩展到多个区域。

    Consul 是一个分布式,高度可用的系统。本节将介绍基础知识,故意省略一些不必要的细节,以便您快速了解Consul的工作原理。有关更多详细信息,请参阅 深入的体系结构概述

    1、安装

    • 通过官网地址下载对应的安装包

    • 以 Linux 的为例,将安装包解压在任意喜欢的目录之中如: /usr/local

      在 /usr/local 建立 consul 目录

      将下载好的压缩包移动值该目录解压: unzip consul_1.4.4_linux_amd64.zip

      为了方便起见,将得到的 consul 命令文件拷贝一份到 /usr/local/bin 目录之中即可全局使用

      cp ./consul /usr/local/bin/ 
      

      如若无误在任意位置输入: consul version 即可看到对应的 consul 的版本信息

      Consul v1.4.4
      Protocol 2 spoken by default, understands 2 to 3 (agent will automatically use protocol >2 when speaking to compatible agents)
      

    2、启动

    • 基本命令(前台启动)
    consul agent -server -bind=192.168.xxx.134 -client=0.0.0.0 -bootstrap-expect=1 -data-dir=/usr/data/consul_data -node=server1
    

    **-server ** 表示以服务端身份启动

    **-bind ** 强制绑定到指定 IP

    -client 指定客户端访问的 IP (consul 有丰富的 api 接口,这里的客户端指浏览器或调用方),0.0.0.0 表示不限制客户端 IP

    -bootstrap-expect=3 表示 server 集群最低节点为 3,低于这个值将工作不正常(注:类似zookeeper一样,通常集群数为奇数,方便选举,consul采用的是raft算法)

    -data-dir 表示指定数据的存放目录(该目录必须已存在)

    -node 表示节点在 web ui 中显示的名称

    启动成功后,不要关闭终端窗口,在浏览器之中访问:http://192.168.xxx.134:8500/ ,如若无误将会得到:

    Consul Agent
    
    • 后台启动
    nohup consul agent -server -bind=192.168.xxx.134 -client=0.0.0.0 -bootstrap-expect=1 -data-dir=/usr/data/consul_data -node=server1  > /dev/null 2>&1 &
    

    3、启动 client 端

    • 与 Server 端类似,去除掉 -server 即可
    nohup consul agent -bind=192.168.xxx.134 -http-port=8500 -dns-port=8600 -client=0.0.0.0 -data-dir=/usr/data/consul_data/ -node=client1  > /dev/null 2>&1 &
    
    • 指定 http 与 dns 端口号
    nohup consul agent -bind=192.168.xxx.134 -http-port=7500 -dns-port=7600 -client=0.0.0.0 -data-dir=/usr/data/consul_data/ -node=client1  > /dev/null 2>&1 &
    

    4、带 UI 启动

    nohup consul agent -server -bind=192.168.xxx.134 -client=0.0.0.0 -bootstrap-expect=1 -data-dir=/usr/data/consul_data -node=server1 -ui > /dev/null 2>&1 &
    

    5、搭建集群

    搭建多个节点,在多个节点中启动 Consul ,通过 join 命令关联示例

    例如: 将当前节点添加到 192.168.xxx.131 节点之中

    consul join 192.168.xxx.131
    

    成功后,会输出:Successfully joined cluster by contacting 1 node

    查看集群:consul members

    Node     Address               Status  Type    Build  Protocol  DC   Segment
    server1  192.168.xxx.134:8301  alive   server  1.4.4  2         dc1  <all>
    server2  192.168.xxx.131:8301  alive   server  1.4.4  2         dc1  <all>
    

    6、服务注册/发现/注销

    目前在 services 里,除了 consul 外,还没有其他服务,我们可以通过 service api 来进行注册,可以通过 postman、Insomnia 等 rest api工具或者 curl 命令,向 服务注册地址 进行注册,以 PUT 方式提交、Content-Type 为 application/json 格式,参数设置为以下 JSON 内容

    {
         "ID": "elasticsearchID",
          "Service": "elasticsearch",
         "Name":"my-service-name",
          "Tags": [
                    "mytags=1"
                ],
          "Meta": {
              "elasticsearch_version": "4.0"
          },
          "Port": 8080,
          "Address": "192.168.xxx.1",
          "EnableTagOverride": false,
          "Weights": {
              "Passing": 10,
              "Warning": 1
          }
    }
    

    往 192.168.xxx.131 这台机器的注册一个名为 my-service-name,ID 为 elasticsearchID的服务

    具体 API 解释与更多使用参考 官网

    7、开发者模式

    ​ 前面的几步操作在开发的过程中操作起来的步骤相对繁琐,因此 consul 也为开发人员推出了开发者模式(即 dev) 使用方式及其简单,输入如下命令即可:

    consul agent -dev
    

    开发模式,自带了 web ui,当然此种方式也默认 IP 为: 127.0.0.1 ,所以直接输入:http://127.0.0.1:8500 访问 UI 页面

    8、在 Spring Cloud 中使用 Consul

    ​ 创建一个 Spring Cloud 工程「microcloud」,在该工程中使用 Consul

    • 创建「microcloud」,配置父 pom.xml 文件

      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
      <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <groupId>com.microcloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>microcloud</artifactId>
        <packaging>pom</packaging>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <modules>
          <module>microcloud-consul-8501</module>
        </modules>
      

      <name>microcloud</name>
      <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
      <url>http://www.example.com</url>

      <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
      <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
      <jdk.version>1.8</jdk.version>
      </properties>

      <dependencyManagement>
      <dependencies>
      <!--cloud父pom引用-->
      <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
      <version>Greenwich.RELEASE</version>
      <type>pom</type>
      <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
      <!--支持cloud-->
      <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
      <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
      <type>pom</type>
      <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
      </dependencies>
      </dependencyManagement>

      <build>
      <finalName>microcloud</finalName>
      <plugins>
      <plugin>
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
      <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
      <configuration>
      <source>${jdk.version}</source> <!--源码的JDK版本-->
      <target>${jdk.version}</target>
      <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
      </configuration>
      </plugin>
      </plugins>

      <span class="token comment">&lt;!--资源文件打包管理--&gt;</span>
      <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>resources</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>resource</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>directory</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>src/main/resources<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>directory</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>includes</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>**/*.properties<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>**/*.yml<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>**/*.xml<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>**/*.tld<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>includes</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>filtering</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>true<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>filtering</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>resource</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
      
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>resource</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>directory</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>src/main/java<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>directory</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>includes</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>**/*.properties<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>**/*.yml<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>**/*.xml<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>**/*.tld<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>include</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>includes</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>filtering</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>true<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>filtering</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>resource</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
      <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>resources</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
      

      </build>
      </project>

    • 创建「microcloud-consul-8501」模块,配置 pom.xml 文件

      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
      <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
          <parent>
              <artifactId>microcloud</artifactId>
              <groupId>com.microcloud</groupId>
              <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
          </parent>
          <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
          <artifactId>microcloud-consul-8501</artifactId>
          <name>microcloud-consul-8501</name>
          <dependencies>
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
              </dependency>
      
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.boot<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-boot-starter-web<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>exclusions</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>exclusion</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                      <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.boot<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                      <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-boot-starter-tomcat<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                  <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>exclusion</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>exclusions</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
      
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.boot<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-boot-starter-test<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>junit<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>junit<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>scope</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>test<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>scope</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token comment">&lt;!--consul 引用--&gt;</span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.cloud<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
              <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
          <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
      <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
      

      </project>

    • 【microcloud-consul-8501】在 /src/main/resources 下创建配置文件 application.yml 配置文件,增加 Consul 配置

      server:
        port: 8501
      spring:
        cloud:
          consul:
            host: 127.0.0.1
            port: 8500
            discovery:
              tags: version=1.0,author=code
              health-check-path: /info # 为健康检查的url,由consul定时调用一次判断服务是否可用
              health-check-interval: 5s # 检查间隔时间
              instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:prod # 注册的服务ID
              service-name: ${spring.application.name} # 注册的服务名称
              prefer-ip-address: true # 是否使用指定IP地址,默认为 false
              ip-address: 127.0.0.1 # 指定 IP 地址
      

      application:
      name: microcloud-consul-8501

    • 【microcloud-consul-8501】配置检查健康服务类

      package com.microcloud.controller;
      import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
      import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
      /**
       * @Auther: xxx
       */
      @RestController
      public class ConsulController {
      
      <span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"/echo"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
      <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token function">echo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
          <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"Echo:"</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> message<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
      
      <span class="token comment">/**
       * consul 检查服务方法
       * @return
       */</span>
      <span class="token annotation punctuation">@GetMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"/info"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
      <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
          <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
      

      }

    • 【microcloud-consul-8501】 启动类

      package com.microcloud;
      import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
      import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
      

      /**

      • @Auther: xxx
        */
        @SpringBootApplication
        public class Application {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
        }
        }
  • 启动,测试

    启动后可得到类似如下内容,即表示注册成功,可通过 Consul UI 地址查看到对应在服务信息

    Registering service with consul: NewService{id='microcloud-consul-8501-prod', name='microcloud-consul-8501', tags=[version=1.0, author=code, secure=false], address='127.0.0.1', meta=null, port=8501, enableTagOverride=null, check=Check{script='null', interval='5s', ttl='null', http='http://127.0.0.1:8501/info', method='null', header={}, tcp='null', timeout='null', deregisterCriticalServiceAfter='null', tlsSkipVerify=null, status='null'}, checks=null}
    

    访问: http://localhost:8500/v1/agent/services 将获取如下内容

    {
      "microcloud-consul-8501-prod": {
        "ID": "microcloud-consul-8501-prod",
        "Service": "microcloud-consul-8501",
        "Tags": [
          "version=1.0",
          "author=code",
          "secure=false"
        ],
        "Meta": {},
        "Port": 8501,
        "Address": "127.0.0.1",
        "Weights": {
          "Passing": 1,
          "Warning": 1
        },
        "EnableTagOverride": false
      }
    }
    
  • 【microcloud-customer-80】通过 RestTemplate 调用在 Consul 中注册的服务,创建并配置 「microcloud-customer-80」 模块

    配置 pom.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>microcloud</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.microcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <artifactId>microcloud-customer-80</artifactId>
    
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>name</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>microcloud-customer-80<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>name</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token comment">&lt;!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --&gt;</span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>http://www.example.com<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>url</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.boot<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-boot-starter-jetty<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.boot<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-boot-starter-web<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>exclusions</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>exclusion</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.boot<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-boot-starter-tomcat<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
                <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>exclusion</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>exclusions</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.boot<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-boot-starter-test<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token comment">&lt;!--consul 引用--&gt;</span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.cloud<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    

    </project>

    创建 Rest 配置模板 Bean

    package com.microcloud.config;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    /**
     * Rest 模板配置
     * @Auther: xxx
     */
    @Configuration
    public class RestConfig {
        @Bean
        public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    }
    

    Rest控制服务

    package com.microcloud.controller;
    

    import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
    import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
    import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import java.net.URI;
    import java.util.List;
    /**

    • @Auther: xxx
      */
      @RestController
      @RequestMapping(value = "/customer")
      public class CustomerController {

      @Resource
      private RestTemplate restTemplate;
      @Resource
      private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

      @GetMapping(value = "/info")
      public String getInfo(String echo) {
      String serviceName = "microcloud-consul-8501";
      List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances(serviceName);
      if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(instances)) {
      URI uri = instances.get(0).getUri();
      String result = restTemplate.getForObject(uri + "/echo?message=" + echo, String.class);
      return result;
      }
      return "";
      }
      }

    YAMl配置文件

    server:
      port: 80
    spring:
      application:
        name: customer
      cloud:
        consul:
          host: 127.0.0.1
          port: 8500
    

    服务启动

    package com.microcloud;
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    

    /**

    • @Auther: xxx
      */
      @SpringBootApplication
      public class Application {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
      }
      }
  • 在浏览器中输入 http://localhost/customer/info?echo=Hello Consul 观察返回结果

    如若无误会得到

    Echo:Hello Consul

  • 获取完整源码

    原文地址:https://www.jianshu.com/p/266f4c8c265c
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/11943119.html
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