解析使用xml.etree.ElementTree 模块,生成使用xml.dom.minidom模块, ElementTree比dom快,dom生成简单且会自动格式化。
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <baspools> <bas> <basprovider>0</basprovider> <portal_version>1</portal_version> <timeout>111</timeout> <retry>111</retry> <auth_type>111</auth_type> </bas> <bas> <basprovider>0</basprovider> <portal_version>1</portal_version> <timeout>5000</timeout> <retry>3</retry> <auth_type>0</auth_type> </bas> </baspools>
解析为dict:
{0: {'retry': '111', 'auth_type': '111', 'portal_version': '1', 'timeout': '111', 'basprovider': '0'}, 1: {'retry': '3', 'auth_type': '0', 'portal_version': '1', 'timeout': '5000', 'basprovider': '0'}}
将上述字典再还原xml
执行代码:
# coding = 'utf-8' import time import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET import xml.dom.minidom as minidom start = time.clock() # 记录处理开始时间;与最后一行一起使用,来判断输出运行时间。 def read_xml(in_path): """读取并解析xml文件 in_path: xml路径 return: tree""" tree = ET.parse(in_path) return tree def creat_dict(root): """xml生成为dict:, 将tree中个节点添加到list中,将list转换为字典dict_init 叠加生成多层字典dict_new""" dict_new = {} for key, valu in enumerate(root): dict_init = {} list_init = [] for item in valu: list_init.append([item.tag, item.text]) for lists in list_init: dict_init[lists[0]] = lists[1] dict_new[key] = dict_init return dict_new def dict_to_xml(input_dict, root_tag, node_tag): """ 定义根节点root_tag,定义第二层节点node_tag 第三层中将字典中键值对对应参数名和值 return: xml的tree结构 """ root_name = ET.Element(root_tag) for (k, v) in input_dict.items(): node_name = ET.SubElement(root_name, node_tag) for key, val in v.items(): key = ET.SubElement(node_name, key) key.text = val return root_name def out_xml(root): """格式化root转换为xml文件""" rough_string = ET.tostring(root, 'utf-8') reared_content = minidom.parseString(rough_string) with open(out_file, 'w+') as fs: reared_content.writexml(fs, addindent=" ", newl=" ", encoding="utf-8") return True if __name__ == '__main__': in_files = r"D:aspool_read.xml" out_file = r"D:aspool_out.xml" tree = read_xml(in_files) node_new = creat_dict(tree.getroot()) # 将xml转换为dict root = dict_to_xml(node_new, "baspools", "bas") # 将dict转换为xml out_xml(root) # 输出xml到out_files end = time.clock() print("read: %f s" % (end - start))
解决 字典无顺序导致生成的xml文件参数位置不固定,对dict_to_xml()函数进行修正:
def dict_to_xml(input_dict,root_tag,node_tag): """ 定义根节点root_tag,定义第二层节点node_tag 第三层中将字典中键值对对应参数名和值 return: xml的tree结构 """ root_name = ET.Element(root_tag) for (k, v) in input_dict.items(): node_name = ET.SubElement(root_name, node_tag) for (key, val) in sorted(v.items(), key=lambda e:e[0], reverse=True): key = ET.SubElement(node_name, key) key.text = val return root_name