• ASP.NET AJAX入门系列(5):使用UpdatePanel控件(二)


    UpdatePanel可以用来创建丰富的局部更新Web应用程序,它是ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX Extensions中很重要的一个控件,其强大之处在于不用编写任何客户端脚本,只要在一个页面上添加几个UpdatePanel控件和一个ScriptManager控件就可以自动实现局部更新。通过本文来学习一下UpdatePanel其他的一些使用方法(第二篇)。

    主要内容

    1.用编程的方法控制UpdatePanel的更新

    2.UpdatePanel的嵌套使用

    3.同一页面上使用多个UpdatePanel

    一.用编程的方法控制UpdatePanel的更新

    对于UpdatePanel,我们也可以使用编程的方法来控制它的更新,可以通过ScriptManager的RegisterAsyncPostBackControl()方法注册一个异步提交的控件,并且调用UpdatePanel的Update()方法来让它更新。再次用我在前面的文章中用到的一个无聊的时间更新例子来看一下,有时候我觉得例子过于复杂更加不好说明白所要讲的内容,如下代码所示,注意Button1并不包含在UpdatePanel中:


    <script runat="server">

        void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            this.Label2.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString();

        }

    </script>

    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

    <head runat="server">

        <title>Refreshing an UpdatePanel Programmatically</title>

    </head>

    <body>

        <form id="form1" runat="server">

            <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"/>

            <div>

                <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">

                    <ContentTemplate>

                        <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="更新时间:"></asp:Label>

                        <asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text="Label" ForeColor="Red"></asp:Label><br/><br/>

                        

                    </ContentTemplate>

                </asp:UpdatePanel>

                 <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button"  OnClick = "Button1_Click"/>

            </div>

        </form>

    </body>

    </html>

    这时候不用多说,肯定是整页提交了,运行如下图所示:

     

    再次修改上面的例子,使用ScriptManager的RegisterAsyncPostBackControl()注册Button1为一个异步提交控件,并且调用UpdatePanel的Update()方法:


    <script runat="server">

        void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            ScriptManager1.RegisterAsyncPostBackControl(Button1);

        }

        

        void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            this.Label2.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString();

            this.UpdatePanel1.Update();

        }

    </script>

    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

    <head runat="server">

        <title>Refreshing an UpdatePanel Programmatically</title>

    </head>

    <body>

        <form id="form1" runat="server">

            <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"/>

            <div>

                <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">

                    <ContentTemplate>

                        <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="更新时间:"></asp:Label>

                        <asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text="Label" ForeColor="Red"></asp:Label><br/><br/>

                        

                    </ContentTemplate>

                </asp:UpdatePanel>

                 <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button"  OnClick = "Button1_Click"/>

            </div>

        </form>

    </body>

    </html>

    这时候可以看到,已经是异步提交了:

     

    二. UpdatePanel的嵌套使用

    UpdatePanel还可以嵌套使用,即在一个UpdatePanel的ContentTemplate中还可以放入另一个UpdatePanel。当最外面的UpdatePanel被触发更新时,它里面的子UpdatePanel也随着更新,里面的UpdatePanel触发更新时,只更新它自己,而不会更新外层的UpdatePanel。看下面的例子:


    <script runat="server">

    </script>

     

    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

    <head id="Head1" runat="server">

        <title>UpdatePanelUpdateMode Example</title>

        <style type="text/css">

        div.NestedPanel

        {

          position: relative;

          margin: 2% 5% 2% 5%;

        }

        </style>

    </head>

    <body>

        <form id="form1" runat="server">

            <div>

                <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager" 

                                   runat="server" />

                <asp:UpdatePanel ID="OuterPanel" 

                                 UpdateMode="Conditional" 

                                 runat="server">

                    <ContentTemplate>

                        <div>

                            <fieldset>

                                <legend>Outer Panel </legend>

                                <br />

                                <asp:Button ID="OPButton1" 

                                            Text="Outer Panel Button" 

                                            runat="server" />

                                <br />

                                Last updated on

                                <%= DateTime.Now.ToString() %>

                                <br />

                                <br />

                                <asp:UpdatePanel ID="NestedPanel1" 

                                                   UpdateMode="Conditional"

                                                   runat="server">

                                    <ContentTemplate>

                                        <div class="NestedPanel">

                                            <fieldset>

                                                <legend>Nested Panel 1</legend>

                                                <br />

                                                Last updated on

                                                <%= DateTime.Now.ToString() %>

                                                <br />

                                                <asp:Button ID="NPButton1"

                                                            Text="Nested Panel 1 Button" 

                                                            runat="server" />

                                            </fieldset>

                                        </div>

                                    </ContentTemplate>

                                </asp:UpdatePanel>

                            </fieldset>

                        </div>

                    </ContentTemplate>

                </asp:UpdatePanel>

            </div>

        </form>

    </body>

    </html>

    运行后如下:

    三.同一页面上使用多个UpdatePanel

    使用UpdatePanel的时候并没有限制在一个页面上用多少个UpdatePanel,所以我们可以为不同的需要局部更新的页面区域加上不同的UpdatePanel。由于UpdatePanel默认的UpdateMode是Always,如果页面上有一个局部更新被触发,则所有的UpdatePanel都将更新,这是我们不愿看到的,我们只需要UpdatePanel在它自己的触发器触发的时候更新就可以了,所以需要把UpdateMode设置为Conditional。

    来看一下官方网站上提供的一个例子:包括两个UpdatePanel,其中一个用来用户输入而另一个则用来显示数据,每一个UpdatePanel的UpdateMode属性都设置为Conditional。当我们单击Cancel按钮时,只有用来用户输入的那个UpdatePanel刷新,当单击Insert按钮时,两个UpdatePanel都刷新。代码如下:


    <%@ Import Namespace="System.Collections.Generic" %>

     

    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >

    <head id="Head1" runat="server">

        <title>Enter New Employees</title>

        <script runat="server">

            private List<Employee> EmployeeList;

     

            protected void Page_Load()

            {

                if (!IsPostBack)

                {

                    EmployeeList = new List<Employee>();

                    EmployeeList.Add(new Employee(1, "Jump", "Dan"));

                    EmployeeList.Add(new Employee(2, "Kirwan", "Yvette"));

                    ViewState["EmployeeList"] = EmployeeList;

                }

                else

                    EmployeeList = (List<Employee>)ViewState["EmployeeList"];

                

                EmployeesGridView.DataSource = EmployeeList;

                EmployeesGridView.DataBind();

            }

            

            protected void InsertButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

            {

                if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(FirstNameTextBox.Text) ||

                   String.IsNullOrEmpty(LastNameTextBox.Text)) { return; }

     

                int employeeID = EmployeeList[EmployeeList.Count-1].EmployeeID + 1;

                

                string lastName = Server.HtmlEncode(FirstNameTextBox.Text);

                string firstName = Server.HtmlEncode(LastNameTextBox.Text);

                

                FirstNameTextBox.Text = String.Empty;

                LastNameTextBox.Text = String.Empty;

                

                EmployeeList.Add(new Employee(employeeID, lastName, firstName));

                ViewState["EmployeeList"] = EmployeeList;

                

                EmployeesGridView.DataBind();

                EmployeesGridView.PageIndex = EmployeesGridView.PageCount;

            }

     

            protected void CancelButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

            {

                FirstNameTextBox.Text = String.Empty;

                LastNameTextBox.Text = String.Empty;

            }

        

            [Serializable]

            public class Employee

            {

                private int _employeeID;

                private string _lastName;

                private string _firstName;

     

                public int EmployeeID

                {

                    get { return _employeeID; }

                }

                

                public string LastName

                {

                    get { return _lastName; }

                }

                

                public string FirstName

                {

                    get { return _firstName; }

                }

                

                public Employee(int employeeID, string lastName, string firstName)

                {

                    _employeeID = employeeID;

                    _lastName = lastName;

                    _firstName = firstName;

                }

            }

     

        </script>

    </head>

    <body>

        <form id="form1" runat="server">

        <div>

            &nbsp;</div>

            <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server" EnablePartialRendering="true" />

            <table>

                <tr>

                    <td style="height: 206px" valign="top">

                        <asp:UpdatePanel ID="InsertEmployeeUpdatePanel" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">

                            <ContentTemplate>

                              <table cellpadding="2" border="0" style="

                                <tr>

                                  <td><asp:Label ID="FirstNameLabel" runat="server" AssociatedControlID="FirstNameTextBox" 

                                                 Text="First Name" ForeColor="White" /></td>

                                  <td><asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="FirstNameTextBox" /></td>

                                </tr>

                                <tr>

                                  <td><asp:Label ID="LastNameLabel" runat="server" AssociatedControlID="LastNameTextBox" 

                                                 Text="Last Name" ForeColor="White" /></td>

                                  <td><asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="LastNameTextBox" /></td>

                                </tr>

                                <tr>

                                  <td></td>

                                  <td>

                                    <asp:LinkButton ID="InsertButton" runat="server" Text="Insert" OnClick="InsertButton_Click" ForeColor="White" />

                                    <asp:LinkButton ID="Cancelbutton" runat="server" Text="Cancel" OnClick="CancelButton_Click" ForeColor="White" />

                                  </td>

                                </tr>

                              </table>

                              <asp:Label runat="server" ID="InputTimeLabel"><%=DateTime.Now %></asp:Label>

                            </ContentTemplate>

                        </asp:UpdatePanel>

                    </td>

                    <td style="height: 206px" valign="top">

                        <asp:UpdatePanel ID="EmployeesUpdatePanel" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">

                            <ContentTemplate>

                                <asp:GridView ID="EmployeesGridView" runat="server" BackColor="LightGoldenrodYellow" BorderColor="Tan"

                                    BorderWidth="1px" CellPadding="2" ForeColor="Black" GridLines="None" AutoGenerateColumns="False">

                                    <FooterStyle BackColor="Tan" />

                                    <SelectedRowStyle BackColor="DarkSlateBlue" ForeColor="GhostWhite" />

                                    <PagerStyle BackColor="PaleGoldenrod" ForeColor="DarkSlateBlue" HorizontalAlign="Center" />

                                    <HeaderStyle BackColor="Tan" Font-Bold="True" />

                                    <AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="PaleGoldenrod" />

                                    <Columns>

                                        <asp:BoundField DataField="EmployeeID" HeaderText="Employee ID" />

                                        <asp:BoundField DataField="LastName" HeaderText="Last Name" />

                                        <asp:BoundField DataField="FirstName" HeaderText="First Name" />

                                    </Columns>

                                    <PagerSettings PageButtonCount="5" />

                                </asp:GridView>

                                <asp:Label runat="server" ID="ListTimeLabel"><%=DateTime.Now %></asp:Label>

                            </ContentTemplate>

                            <Triggers>

                                <asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="InsertButton" EventName="Click" />

                            </Triggers>

                        </asp:UpdatePanel>

                    </td>

                </tr>

            </table>

        </form>

    </body>

    </html>

    运行后效果如下:

    示例代码下载:http://files.cnblogs.com/Terrylee/ASPNETAJAXUpdatePanelDemo2.rar

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/joean/p/4603492.html
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