JAVA数字证书

在构建Java代码实现前，我们需要完成证书的制作。 
1.生成keyStroe文件 
在命令行下执行以下命令： 

 

keytool -genkey -validity 36000 -alias jlxrsa -keyalg RSA -keystore d:jlxrsz.keystore  

其中 
-genkey表示生成密钥 
-validity指定证书有效期，这里是36000天 
-alias指定别名，这里是www.zlex.org 
-keyalg指定算法，这里是RSA 
-keystore指定存储位置，这里是d:zlex.keystore 

在这里我使用的密码为 123456 

2.生成自签名证书 
光有keyStore文件是不够的，还需要证书文件，证书才是直接提供给外界使用的公钥凭证。 
导出证书： 

 

keytool -export -keystore d:jlxrsa.keystore -alias jlxrsa -file d:jlxrsa.cer -rfc  

其中 
-export指定为导出操作 
-keystore指定keystore文件 
-alias指定导出keystore文件中的别名 
-file指向导出路径 
-rfc以文本格式输出，也就是以BASE64编码输出 
这里的密码是 123456 

Ok，准备工作完成，开始Java实现！ 

package cert;

import java.security.MessageDigest;  
  

import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;  
import javax.crypto.Mac;  
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;  
  
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;  
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;  
  
/** 
 * 基础加密组件 
 *  
 * @author 
 * @version 1.0 
 * @since 1.0 
 */  
public abstract class Coder {  
    public static final String KEY_SHA = "SHA";  
    public static final String KEY_MD5 = "MD5";  
  
    /** 
     * MAC算法可选以下多种算法 
     *  
     * <pre> 
     * HmacMD5  
     * HmacSHA1  
     * HmacSHA256  
     * HmacSHA384  
     * HmacSHA512 
     * </pre> 
     */  
    public static final String KEY_MAC = "HmacMD5";  
  
    /** 
     * BASE64解密 
     *  
     * @param key 
     * @return 
     * @throws Exception 
     */  
    public static byte[] decryptBASE64(String key) throws Exception {  
        return (new BASE64Decoder()).decodeBuffer(key);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * BASE64加密 
     *  
     * @param key 
     * @return 
     * @throws Exception 
     */  
    public static String encryptBASE64(byte[] key) throws Exception {  
        return (new BASE64Encoder()).encodeBuffer(key);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * MD5加密 
     *  
     * @param data 
     * @return 
     * @throws Exception 
     */  
    public static byte[] encryptMD5(byte[] data) throws Exception {  
  
        MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance(KEY_MD5);  
        md5.update(data);  
  
        return md5.digest();  
  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * SHA加密 
     *  
     * @param data 
     * @return 
     * @throws Exception 
     */  
    public static byte[] encryptSHA(byte[] data) throws Exception {  
  
        MessageDigest sha = MessageDigest.getInstance(KEY_SHA);  
        sha.update(data);  
  
        return sha.digest();  
  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 初始化HMAC密钥 
     *  
     * @return 
     * @throws Exception 
     */  
    public static String initMacKey() throws Exception {  
        KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance(KEY_MAC);  
  
        SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();  
        return encryptBASE64(secretKey.getEncoded());  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * HMAC加密 
     *  
     * @param data 
     * @param key 
     * @return 
     * @throws Exception 
     */  
    public static byte[] encryptHMAC(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception {  
  
        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(decryptBASE64(key), KEY_MAC);  
        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(secretKey.getAlgorithm());  
        mac.init(secretKey);  
  
        return mac.doFinal(data);  
  
    }  
}  

　　

package cert;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

/**
 * 证书组件
 * 
 * @author 
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 1.0
 */
public abstract class CertificateCoder extends Coder {

	/**
	 * Java密钥库(Java Key Store，JKS)KEY_STORE
	 */
	public static final String KEY_STORE = "JKS";

	public static final String X509 = "X.509";

	/**
	 * 由KeyStore获得私钥
	 * 
	 * @param keyStorePath
	 * @param alias
	 * @param password
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String keyStorePath, String alias,
			String password) throws Exception {
		KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);
		PrivateKey key = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(alias, password.toCharArray());
		return key;
	}

	/**
	 * 由Certificate获得公钥
	 * 
	 * @param certificatePath
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private static PublicKey getPublicKey(String certificatePath)
			throws Exception {
		Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);
		PublicKey key = certificate.getPublicKey();
		return key;
	}

	/**
	 * 获得Certificate
	 * 
	 * @param certificatePath
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private static Certificate getCertificate(String certificatePath)
			throws Exception {
		CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory
				.getInstance(X509);
		FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(certificatePath);

		Certificate certificate = certificateFactory.generateCertificate(in);
		in.close();

		return certificate;
	}

	/**
	 * 获得Certificate
	 * 
	 * @param keyStorePath
	 * @param alias
	 * @param password
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private static Certificate getCertificate(String keyStorePath,
			String alias, String password) throws Exception {
		KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);
		Certificate certificate = ks.getCertificate(alias);

		return certificate;
	}

	/**
	 * 获得KeyStore
	 * 
	 * @param keyStorePath
	 * @param password
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	private static KeyStore getKeyStore(String keyStorePath, String password)
			throws Exception {
		FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(keyStorePath);
		KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KEY_STORE);
		ks.load(is, password.toCharArray());
		is.close();
		return ks;
	}

	/**
	 * 私钥加密
	 * 
	 * @param data
	 * @param keyStorePath
	 * @param alias
	 * @param password
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String keyStorePath,
			String alias, String password) throws Exception {
		// 取得私钥
		PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password);

		// 对数据加密
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(privateKey.getAlgorithm());
		cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);

		return cipher.doFinal(data);

	}

	/**
	 * 私钥解密
	 * 
	 * @param data
	 * @param keyStorePath
	 * @param alias
	 * @param password
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String keyStorePath,
			String alias, String password) throws Exception {
		// 取得私钥
		PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password);

		// 对数据加密
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(privateKey.getAlgorithm());
		cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);

		return cipher.doFinal(data);

	}

	/**
	 * 公钥加密
	 * 
	 * @param data
	 * @param certificatePath
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String certificatePath)
			throws Exception {

		// 取得公钥
		PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);
		// 对数据加密
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());
		cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);

		return cipher.doFinal(data);

	}

	/**
	 * 公钥解密
	 * 
	 * @param data
	 * @param certificatePath
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String certificatePath)
			throws Exception {
		// 取得公钥
		PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);

		// 对数据加密
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());
		cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);

		return cipher.doFinal(data);

	}

	/**
	 * 验证Certificate
	 * 
	 * @param certificatePath
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean verifyCertificate(String certificatePath) {
		return verifyCertificate(new Date(), certificatePath);
	}

	/**
	 * 验证Certificate是否过期或无效
	 * 
	 * @param date
	 * @param certificatePath
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, String certificatePath) {
		boolean status = true;
		try {
			// 取得证书
			Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);
			// 验证证书是否过期或无效
			status = verifyCertificate(date, certificate);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			status = false;
		}
		return status;
	}

	/**
	 * 验证证书是否过期或无效
	 * 
	 * @param date
	 * @param certificate
	 * @return
	 */
	private static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, Certificate certificate) {
		boolean status = true;
		try {
			X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) certificate;
			x509Certificate.checkValidity(date);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			status = false;
		}
		return status;
	}

	/**
	 * 签名
	 * 
	 * @param keyStorePath
	 * @param alias
	 * @param password
	 * 
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static String sign(byte[] sign, String keyStorePath, String alias,
			String password) throws Exception {
		// 获得证书
		X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) getCertificate(
				keyStorePath, alias, password);
		// 获取私钥
		KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);
		// 取得私钥
		PrivateKey privateKey = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(alias,
				password.toCharArray());

		// 构建签名
		Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(x509Certificate
				.getSigAlgName());
		signature.initSign(privateKey);
		signature.update(sign);
		return encryptBASE64(signature.sign());
	}

	/**
	 * 验证签名
	 * 
	 * @param data
	 * @param sign
	 * @param certificatePath
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String sign,
			String certificatePath) throws Exception {
		// 获得证书
		X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) getCertificate(certificatePath);
		// 获得公钥
		PublicKey publicKey = x509Certificate.getPublicKey();
		// 构建签名
		Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(x509Certificate
				.getSigAlgName());
		signature.initVerify(publicKey);
		signature.update(data);

		return signature.verify(decryptBASE64(sign));

	}

	/**
	 * 验证Certificate
	 * 
	 * @param keyStorePath
	 * @param alias
	 * @param password
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, String keyStorePath,
			String alias, String password) {
		boolean status = true;
		try {
			Certificate certificate = getCertificate(keyStorePath, alias,
					password);
			status = verifyCertificate(date, certificate);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			status = false;
		}
		return status;
	}

	/**
	 * 验证Certificate
	 * 
	 * @param keyStorePath
	 * @param alias
	 * @param password
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean verifyCertificate(String keyStorePath, String alias,
			String password) {
		return verifyCertificate(new Date(), keyStorePath, alias, password);
	}
}

　　

package cert;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.Test;  

/** 
 *  
 * @author 
 * @version 1.0 
 * @since 1.0 
 */  
public class CertificateCoderTest {  
    private String password = "123456";  
    private String alias = "jlxrsa";  
    private String certificatePath = "d:/jlx.cer";  
    private String keyStorePath = "d:/jlx.keystore";  
  
    @Test  
    public void test() throws Exception {  
        System.err.println("公钥加密——私钥解密");  
        String inputStr = "Ceritifcate";  
        byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();  
  
        byte[] encrypt = CertificateCoder.encryptByPublicKey(data,  
                certificatePath);  
  
        byte[] decrypt = CertificateCoder.decryptByPrivateKey(encrypt,  
                keyStorePath, alias, password);  
        String outputStr = new String(decrypt);  
  
        System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "

" + "解密后: " + outputStr);  
  
        // 验证数据一致  
        assertArrayEquals(data, decrypt);  
  
        // 验证证书有效  
        assertTrue(CertificateCoder.verifyCertificate(certificatePath));  
  
    }  
  
    @Test  
    public void testSign() throws Exception {  
        System.err.println("私钥加密——公钥解密");  
  
        String inputStr = "sign";  
        byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();  
  
        byte[] encodedData = CertificateCoder.encryptByPrivateKey(data,  
                keyStorePath, alias, password);  
  
        byte[] decodedData = CertificateCoder.decryptByPublicKey(encodedData,  
                certificatePath);  
  
        String outputStr = new String(decodedData);  
        System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "

" + "解密后: " + outputStr);  
        assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr);  
  
        System.err.println("私钥签名——公钥验证签名");  
        // 产生签名  
        String sign = CertificateCoder.sign(encodedData, keyStorePath, alias,  
                password);  
        System.err.println("签名:
" + sign);  
  
        // 验证签名  
        boolean status = CertificateCoder.verify(encodedData, sign,  
                certificatePath);  
        System.err.println("状态:
" + status);  
        assertTrue(status);  
  
    }  
}