VC++ MSXML创建XML文件以及对XML文档解析

C/C++ code

// XmlCreationDemo.cpp

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

// 引入MSXML解析器
#import <msxml4.dll>
using namespace MSXML2;

class InitializeCom
{
public:
    InitializeCom()    {        CoInitialize(NULL); // Initializes the COM library    }
    ~InitializeCom() {        CoUninitialize(); // Closes the COM library    }
}InitCom;

int main()
{
    char *szXmlFile = "D:\china.xml"; // xml文件
    IXMLDOMDocumentPtr pDoc = NULL; // xml文档
    IXMLDOMProcessingInstructionPtr pProInstruction = NULL; // xml声明
    IXMLDOMCommentPtr pComment = NULL; // 注释
    IXMLDOMElementPtr pRootElement = NULL, pElement = NULL; // 根节点(元素)
    IXMLDOMNodePtr pNode = NULL, pNode1 = NULL, pNode2 = NULL; // 节点
    IXMLDOMAttributePtr pAttrNode = NULL; // 属性

    HRESULT hr = pDoc.CreateInstance(__uuidof(DOMDocument40)); //
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("无法创建DOMDocument40对象，请检查是否安装并初始化了MsXml Parser库！");
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
  
    // (1)创建xml文档声明(或insertBefore根节点)
    pProInstruction = pDoc->createProcessingInstruction((_bstr_t)(char*)"xml", (_bstr_t)(char*)"version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"");
    pDoc->appendChild((IXMLDOMNode*)pProInstruction);

    // (2)创建根节点<China>
    pRootElement =  pDoc->createElement((_bstr_t)(char*)"China");  
    pDoc->PutRefdocumentElement(pRootElement); // pXMLDomDoc->documentElement = pRootElement;

    // (3)创建节点<China><Continent>  
    pComment = pDoc->createComment((_bstr_t)(char*)"所在的洲");
    pRootElement->appendChild((IXMLDOMNode*)pComment); // 注释
  
    pNode = pDoc->createNode((_variant_t)(long)NODE_ELEMENT, (_bstr_t)(char*)"Continent", (_bstr_t)(char*)"");
    pNode->Puttext((_bstr_t)(char*)"Asia"); // pNode->text = "Asia";
    pRootElement->appendChild(pNode); // 节点

    // (4)创建节点<China><Population>
    pComment = pDoc->createComment((_bstr_t)(char*)"人口数量");
    pRootElement->appendChild((IXMLDOMNode*)pComment); // 注释

    pElement = pDoc->createElement((_bstr_t)(char*)"Population");
    pAttrNode = pDoc->createAttribute((_bstr_t)(char*)"Units");
    pAttrNode->Puttext((_bstr_t)(char*)"Million Person");
    pElement->setAttributeNode(pAttrNode); // 统计单位
    pElement->setAttribute((_bstr_t)(char*)"StatisticalYear", (_variant_t)(char*)"2000"); // 统计年份
    pElement->Puttext((_bstr_t)(char*)"1,296");
    pRootElement->appendChild(pElement); // 节点

    // (5)创建节点<China><Municipality>
    pComment = pDoc->createComment((_bstr_t)(char*)"四个直辖市");
    pRootElement->appendChild((IXMLDOMNode*)pComment); // 注释

    pNode = pDoc->createNode((_variant_t)(long)NODE_ELEMENT, (_bstr_t)(char*)"Municipality", (_bstr_t)(char*)"");
    pRootElement->appendChild(pNode); // 节点

    // (6)创建节点<China><Municipality><TianJin>
    pNode1 = pDoc->createNode((_variant_t)(long)NODE_ELEMENT, (_bstr_t)(char*)"TianJin", (_bstr_t)(char*)"");
  
    //    创建节点<China><Municipality><TianJin><Area>
    pElement = pDoc->createElement((_bstr_t)(char*)"Area");
    pElement->setAttribute((_bstr_t)(char*)"Units", (_variant_t)(char*)"Thousand Square kilometers"); // 统计单位
    pElement->Puttext((_bstr_t)(char*)"12");
    pNode1->appendChild((IXMLDOMNode*)pElement); // 节点
  
    //    创建节点<China><Municipality><TianJin><Population>
    pElement = pDoc->createElement((_bstr_t)(char*)"Population");
    pElement->setAttribute((_bstr_t)(char*)"Units", (_variant_t)(char*)"Million Person"); // 统计单位
    pElement->setAttribute((_bstr_t)(char*)"StatisticalYear", (_variant_t)(char*)"2000"); // 统计年份
    pElement->Puttext((_bstr_t)(char*)"10.01");
    pNode1->appendChild((IXMLDOMNode*)pElement); // 节点

    pNode->appendChild(pNode1);
    // (7)创建节点<China><Municipality><BeiJing>并插入<TianJin>前
    pNode2 = pDoc->createNode((_variant_t)(long)NODE_ELEMENT, (_bstr_t)(char*)"BeiJing", (_bstr_t)(char*)"");

    //    创建节点<China><Municipality><BeiJing><Area>
    pElement = pDoc->createElement((_bstr_t)(char*)"Area");
    pElement->setAttribute((_bstr_t)(char*)"Units", (_variant_t)(char*)"Thousand Square kilometers"); // 统计单位
    pElement->Puttext((_bstr_t)(char*)"17");
    pNode2->appendChild((IXMLDOMNode*)pElement); // 节点
  
    //    创建节点<China><Municipality><BeiJing><Population>
    pElement = pDoc->createElement((_bstr_t)(char*)"Population");
    pElement->setAttribute((_bstr_t)(char*)"Units", (_variant_t)(char*)"Million Person"); // 统计单位
    pElement->setAttribute((_bstr_t)(char*)"StatisticalYear", (_variant_t)(char*)"2000"); // 统计年份
    pElement->Puttext((_bstr_t)(char*)"13.82");
    pNode2->appendChild((IXMLDOMNode*)pElement); // 节点

    pNode->insertBefore(pNode2, (_variant_t)(IDispatch*)pNode1);
    //
    // (8)创建节点<China><Municipality><ShangHai>
    // (9)创建节点<China><Municipality><ChongQing>

    pDoc->save((_variant_t)szXmlFile);

    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

生成的china.xml文档内容：

XML code

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<China>
<!--所在的洲-->
  <Continent>Asia</Continent>
  <!--人口数量-->
  <Population Units="Million Person" StatisticalYear="2000">1,296</Population>
  <!--四个直辖市-->
  <Municipality>
    <BeiJing>
      <Area Units="Thousand Square kilometers">17</Area>
      <Population Units="Million Person" StatisticalYear="2000">13.82</Population>
    </BeiJing>
    <TianJin>
      <Area Units="Thousand Square kilometers">12</Area>
      <Population Units="Million Person" StatisticalYear="2000">10.01</Population>
    </TianJin>
    <ShangHai>
      <Area Units="Thousand Square kilometers">6.4</Area>
      <Population Units="Million Person" StatisticalYear="2000">16.74</Population>
    </ShangHai>
    <ChongQing>
      <Area Units="Thousand Square kilometers">84</Area>
      <Population Units="Million Person" StatisticalYear="2000">30.90</Population>
    </ChongQing>
  </Municipality>
</China>

二．MsXml解析XML文档示例:

C/C++ code

// XmlParsingDemo.cpp

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

// 引入MSXML解析器
#import <msxml4.dll>
using namespace MSXML2;

class InitializeCom
{
public:
    InitializeCom()    {        CoInitialize(NULL); // Initializes the COM library    }
    ~InitializeCom() {        CoUninitialize(); // Closes the COM library    }
}InitCom;

int main()
{
    char *szXmlFile = "D:\china.xml"; //上篇创建的xml文档
    IXMLDOMDocumentPtr pDoc = NULL; // xml文档
    IXMLDOMNodeListPtr pNodeList = NULL; // 节点链表
    IXMLDOMElementPtr pRootElement = NULL, pElement = NULL; // 根节点(元素)
    IXMLDOMNodePtr pNode = NULL, pNode1 = NULL; // 节点
    IXMLDOMNamedNodeMapPtr pAttrList = NULL; // 属性链表
    IXMLDOMAttributePtr pAttrNode = NULL; // 属性
    long lChilds, lAttr, i;

    HRESULT hr = pDoc.CreateInstance(__uuidof(DOMDocument40));
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("无法创建DOMDocument40对象，请检查是否安装并初始化了MsXml Parser库！");
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }

    VARIANT_BOOL bXmlLoad = pDoc->load((_variant_t)szXmlFile);
    if (!bXmlLoad) // 加载失败
    {
        printf("加载%s失败！ ", szXmlFile);
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
  
    // (1)根节点
    pRootElement = pDoc->GetdocumentElement();
    printf("root = %s ", (char*)pRootElement->GetnodeName()); // pRootElement->nodeName

    // (2)根节点的一级子节点
    pNodeList = pRootElement->GetchildNodes(); // pRootElement->childNodes
    lChilds = pNodeList->Getlength(); // pNodeList->length
    for (i = 0; i < lChilds; i++)
    {
        pNode = pNodeList->Getitem(i); // pNodeList->item[i]
        if (pNode->GetnodeType() != NODE_COMMENT) // 过滤注释节点
        {
            printf("child[%d] of [%s]: [%s] ", i ,(char*)pRootElement->GetnodeName(), (char*)pNode->GetnodeName());
        }
    }

    // (3)统计文档中所有的<Population>节点
    pNodeList = pDoc->getElementsByTagName((_bstr_t)(char*)"Population");
    lChilds = pNodeList->Getlength();
    printf("文档中[Population]共有%d个 ", lChilds);

    // (4)根节点下的<Population>节点
    pNode = pRootElement->selectSingleNode((_bstr_t)(char*)"Population");
    // 已知根节点为<China>时：pNode = pDoc->selectSingleNode((_bstr_t)(char*)"China//Population");
    printf("根节点下的[Population]子节点值为%s ", (char*)pNode->Gettext());
    pAttrList = pNode->Getattributes();
    lAttr = pAttrList->Getlength();
    for (i = 0; i < lAttr; i++)
    {
        pAttrNode = pAttrList->Getitem(i);
        printf("Attr[%d] of [%s]: %s = %s ", i, (char*)pNode->GetnodeName(), (char*)pAttrNode->GetnodeName(), (char*)pAttrNode->Gettext());
    }
  
    // (5)查找节点<Municipality>下的所有子节点
    // "//"表示在任意一层寻找Municipality；"//*"查找<Municipality></Municipality>中的所有子节点
    pNodeList = pDoc->selectNodes((_bstr_t)(char*)"//Municipality//*"); // 这里可将pDoc换成pRootElement
    while (pNode = pNodeList->nextNode())
    {
        printf("childs of [Municipality]: %s ", (char*)pNode->GetnodeName());
    }

    // (6)查找节点<Municipality>下的一级子节点
    pNode = pRootElement->selectSingleNode((_bstr_t)(char*)"Municipality");
    pNodeList = pNode->GetchildNodes();
    lChilds = pNodeList->Getlength();
    for (i = 0; i < lChilds; i++)
    {
        pNode1 = pNodeList->Getitem(i); // pNodeList->item[i]
        printf("child[%d] of [Municipality]: %s ", i, (char*)pNode1->GetnodeName());
    }

    // (7)查询父、子、兄、弟节点
    pNode = pRootElement->selectSingleNode((_bstr_t)(char*)"//TianJin");
    pNode1 = pNode->GetparentNode(); // 父节点
    printf("[TianJin]的父节点为[%s] ", (char*)pNode1->GetnodeName());

    pNodeList = pNode->GetchildNodes(); // 子节点
    lChilds = pNodeList->Getlength();
    for (i = 0; i < lChilds; i++)
    {
        pNode1 = pNodeList->nextNode();
        printf("child[%d] of [TianJin]: %s ", i, (char*)pNode1->GetnodeName());
    }

    pNode1 = pNode->GetpreviousSibling(); // 兄节点
    printf("[TianJin]的兄节点为[%s] ", (char*)pNode1->GetnodeName());

    pNode1 = pNode->GetnextSibling(); // 弟节点
    printf("[TianJin]的弟节点为[%s] ", (char*)pNode1->GetnodeName());

    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

运行结果如下：

root = China
child[1] of <China>: <Continent>
child[3] of <China>: <Population>
child[5] of <China>: <Municipality>
文档中<Population>共有5个
根节点下的<Population>子节点值为1,296
Attr[0] of <Population>: Units = Million Person
Attr[1] of <Population>: StatisticalYear = 2000
childs of <Municipality>: BeiJing
childs of <Municipality>: Area
childs of <Municipality>: Population
childs of <Municipality>: TianJin
childs of <Municipality>: Area
childs of <Municipality>: Population
childs of <Municipality>: ShangHai
childs of <Municipality>: Area
childs of <Municipality>: Population
childs of <Municipality>: ChongQing
childs of <Municipality>: Area
childs of <Municipality>: Population
child[0] of <Municipality>: BeiJing
child[1] of <Municipality>: TianJin
child[2] of <Municipality>: ShangHai
child[3] of <Municipality>: ChongQing
<TianJin>的父节点为<Municipality>
child[0] of <TianJin>: Area
child[1] of <TianJin>: Population
<TianJin>的兄节点为<BeiJing>
<TianJin>的弟节点为<ShangHai>