• 检测oracle数据库坏块的方法


    检测oracle数据库坏块的办法:

    1、使用DBV(DB File Verify)工具;

    2、使用RMAN(Recovery Manager)工具;

    DBV(DB File Verify)工具:

    外部命令,物理介质数据结构完整性检查;

    只能用于数据文件(offline或online),不支持控制文件和重做日志文件的块检查;

    也可以验证备份文件(rman的copy命令备份或操作系统CP命令备份);

    进入盘符,然后执行以下脚本:

    D:appAdministratororadataorcl>dbv file=ZL9MTLBASE.DBF blocksize=8192;

    RMAN(Recovery Manager)工具:

    逻辑数据结构完整性检查

    在线使用Recovery Manager扫描坏块和备份时,需要数据库运行在归档模式(archive log),否则只能在数据库未打开(mount)的情况下进行;

    RMAN>backup check logical validate datafile n ;

    以上命令可以检查数据文件是否包含坏块,同时并不产生实际的备份输出。

    而且当使用Recovery Manager进行实际的数据库备份时,同时也就进行了坏块检查。

    直接使用RMAN的命令:backup validate check logical database;

    结合V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION视图更方便。

    1)、rman target / nocatalog

    2)、RMAN> spool log to 'd:/dbbak/rmanlog.log';---指定输出rman日志文件

    RMAN> run {
    
    allocate channel d1 type disk;
    
    allocate channel d2 type disk;
    
    allocate channel d3 type disk;
    
    allocate channel d4 type disk;
    
    backup validate check logical database;
    
    };
    

      

    3)、select * from V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION;

    4) 、--If V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION contains rows please run this query to find the objects that contains the corrupted blocks:

    SELECT e.owner,
    
           e.segment_type,
    
           e.segment_name,
    
           e.partition_name,
    
           c.file#,
    
           greatest(e.block_id, c.block#) corr_start_block#,
    
           least(e.block_id + e.blocks - 1, c.block# + c.blocks - 1) corr_end_block#,
    
           least(e.block_id + e.blocks - 1, c.block# + c.blocks - 1) -
    
           greatest(e.block_id, c.block#) + 1 blocks_corrupted,
    
           null description
    
      FROM dba_extents e, v$database_block_corruption c
    
     WHERE e.file_id = c.file#
    
       AND e.block_id <= c.block# + c.blocks - 1
    
       AND e.block_id + e.blocks - 1 >= c.block#
    
    UNION
    
    SELECT s.owner,
    
           s.segment_type,
    
           s.segment_name,
    
           s.partition_name,
    
           c.file#,
    
           header_block corr_start_block#,
    
           header_block corr_end_block#,
    
           1 blocks_corrupted,
    
           'Segment Header' description
    
      FROM dba_segments s, v$database_block_corruption c
    
     WHERE s.header_file = c.file#
    
       AND s.header_block between c.block# and c.block# + c.blocks - 1
    
    UNION
    
    SELECT null owner,
    
           null segment_type,
    
           null segment_name,
    
           null partition_name,
    
           c.file#,
    
           greatest(f.block_id, c.block#) corr_start_block#,
    
           least(f.block_id + f.blocks - 1, c.block# + c.blocks - 1) corr_end_block#,
    
           least(f.block_id + f.blocks - 1, c.block# + c.blocks - 1) -
    
           greatest(f.block_id, c.block#) + 1 blocks_corrupted,
    
           'Free Block' description
    
      FROM dba_free_space f, v$database_block_corruption c
    
     WHERE f.file_id = c.file#
    
       AND f.block_id <= c.block# + c.blocks - 1
    
       AND f.block_id + f.blocks - 1 >= c.block#
    
     order by file#, corr_start_block#;
    View Code

    5)、

    SELECT tablespace_name, segment_type, owner, segment_name
    FROM dba_extents
            WHERE file_id = &fileid
    and &blockid between block_id AND block_id + blocks - 1;

     

    告警日志中快速识别:

    遇到坏块问题时,数据库的异常表现通常有: 

    报告ORA-01578错误。 

    报告ORA-1110错误。 

    报告ORA-00600错误。其中,第一个参数为2000-8000,Cache layer 2000 – 4000,Transaction layer 4000 – 6000,Data layer 6000 - 8000。 

    Trace文件中出现Corrupt block dba: 0x160c5958 . found。 分析对象失败。 

    后台进程,如DBWR,LGWR出现长时间异常等待,如LGWR wait for redo copy。

    生命不息,折腾不止;不计后果,不问前程!
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jionjionyou/p/5529356.html
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