--justdb：仅仅修改rpm的管理库数据，并不实际修改文件系统
用途：
安装时，我们想满足某些依赖关系，实际的软件并不使用它；
或者
删除时，并不实际删除会被使用到某些文件。
centos 6.10 中 rpm的参数：
[root@localhost ~]# rpm --help Usage: rpm [OPTION...] --quiet Query/Verify package selection options: -a, --all query/verify all packages -f, --file query/verify package(s) owning file -g, --group query/verify package(s) in group -p, --package query/verify a package file -W, --ftswalk query/verify package(s) from TOP file tree walk --pkgid query/verify package(s) with package identifier --hdrid query/verify package(s) with header identifier --fileid query/verify package(s) with file identifier --specfile query a spec file --triggeredby query the package(s) triggered by the package --whatrequires query/verify the package(s) which require a dependency --whatprovides query/verify the package(s) which provide a dependency --nomanifest do not process non-package files as manifests Query options (with -q or --query): -c, --configfiles list all configuration files -d, --docfiles list all documentation files --dump dump basic file information -l, --list list files in package --queryformat=QUERYFORMAT use the following query format -s, --state display the states of the listed files Verify options (with -V or --verify): --nofiledigest don't verify digest of files --nomd5 don't verify digest of files --nofiles don't verify files in package --nodeps don't verify package dependencies --noscript don't execute verify script(s) File tree walk options (with --ftswalk): --comfollow follow command line symlinks --logical logical walk --nochdir don't change directories --nostat don't get stat info --physical physical walk --seedot return dot and dot-dot --xdev don't cross devices --whiteout return whiteout information Signature options: --addsign sign package(s) (identical to --resign) -K, --checksig verify package signature(s) --delsign delete package signatures --import import an armored public key --resign sign package(s) (identical to --addsign) --nodigest don't verify package digest(s) --nosignature don't verify package signature(s) Database options: --initdb initialize database --rebuilddb rebuild database inverted lists from installed package headers Install/Upgrade/Erase options: --aid add suggested packages to transaction --allfiles install all files, even configurations which might otherwise be skipped --allmatches remove all packages which match <package> (normally an error is generated if <package> specified multiple packages) --badreloc relocate files in non-relocatable package -e, --erase=<package>+ erase (uninstall) package --excludedocs do not install documentation --excludepath=<path> skip files with leading component <path> --fileconflicts detect file conflicts between packages --force short hand for --replacepkgs --replacefiles -F, --freshen=<packagefile>+ upgrade package(s) if already installed -h, --hash print hash marks as package installs (good with -v) --ignorearch don't verify package architecture --ignoreos don't verify package operating system --ignoresize don't check disk space before installing -i, --install install package(s) --justdb update the database, but do not modify the filesystem --nodeps do not verify package dependencies --nofiledigest don't verify digest of files --nomd5 don't verify digest of files (obsolete) --nocontexts don't install file security contexts --noorder do not reorder package installation to satisfy dependencies --nosuggest do not suggest missing dependency resolution(s) --noscripts do not execute package scriptlet(s) --notriggers do not execute any scriptlet(s) triggered by this package --oldpackage upgrade to an old version of the package (--force on upgrades does this automatically) --percent print percentages as package installs --prefix=<dir> relocate the package to <dir>, if relocatable --relocate=<old>=<new> relocate files from path <old> to <new> --replacefiles ignore file conflicts between packages --replacepkgs reinstall if the package is already present --test don't install, but tell if it would work or not -U, --upgrade=<packagefile>+ upgrade package(s) Common options for all rpm modes and executables: -D, --define='MACRO EXPR' define MACRO with value EXPR -E, --eval='EXPR' print macro expansion of EXPR --macros=<FILE:...> read <FILE:...> instead of default file(s) --nodigest don't verify package digest(s) --nosignature don't verify package signature(s) --rcfile=<FILE:...> read <FILE:...> instead of default file(s) -r, --root=ROOT use ROOT as top level directory (default: "/") --querytags display known query tags --showrc display final rpmrc and macro configuration --quiet provide less detailed output -v, --verbose provide more detailed output --version print the version of rpm being used Options implemented via popt alias/exec: --scripts list install/erase scriptlets from package(s) --setperms set permissions of files in a package --setugids set user/group ownership of files in a package --conflicts list capabilities this package conflicts with --obsoletes list other packages removed by installing this package --provides list capabilities that this package provides --requires list capabilities required by package(s) --info list descriptive information from package(s) --changelog list change logs for this package --xml list metadata in xml --triggers list trigger scriptlets from package(s) --last list package(s) by install time, most recent first --dupes list duplicated packages --filesbypkg list all files from each package --fileclass list file names with classes --filecolor list file names with colors --fscontext list file names with security context from file system --fileprovide list file names with provides --filerequire list file names with requires --filecaps list file names with POSIX1.e capabilities Help options: -?, --help Show this help message --usage Display brief usage message [root@localhost ~]#