• Hibernate学习三----------session详解


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    如何获取session对象

      1. openSession

      2. getCurrentSession

        - 如果使用getCurrentSession需要在hibernate.cfg.xml中进行如下配置:

        如果是本地事务(jdbc事务)

    <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

        如果是全局事务(jta事务)

    <property name="current_session_context_class">jta</property>
    

        - 全局事务和本地事务

        本地事务适合对一个数据库进行操作,全局事务适合对多个数据库进行操作;

        当存在多个数据库是,也就存在多个session,这样本地事务就无法对多个session进行统一管理,因此可以使用全局事务。

      3. openSession和getCurrentSession区别

        - getCurrentSession在事务提交或者回滚之后会自动关闭session,而openSession需要你手动关闭session。如果使用openSession而没有手动关闭,多次之后会导致连接池溢出

        - openSession每次创建新的session对象,getCurrentSession使用现有的session对象

    实例

    1.项目结构

    2.pom.xml

    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
      
      	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      	
    	<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
    	<artifactId>Hibernate-Session</artifactId>
    	<packaging>war</packaging>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<name>Hibernate-Session Maven Webapp</name>
    	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    	
    	<properties>
    		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    		<hiberante.version>5.1.6.Final</hiberante.version>
    	</properties>
    	
    	<dependencies>
    		<!-- junit -->
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>junit</groupId>
    			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    			<version>4.12</version>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    		<!-- hibernate -->
    		<dependency>
    		    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
    		    <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
    		    <version>${hiberante.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<!-- mysql -->
    		<dependency>
    		    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    		    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    		    <version>5.1.42</version>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    
    	<build>
    		<finalName>Hibernate-Session</finalName>
    	</build>
      
    </project>
    

    3.hibernate.cfg.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-configuration>
    
    	<!-- 配置SessionFactory -->
    	<session-factory>
    		<!-- 设置数据库连接属性 -->
    		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
    		<property name="connection.password">***</property>
    		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
    		<property name="connection.url">
    			jdbc:mysql:///hibernate?useSSL=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8
    		</property>
    		
    		<!-- 设置常用属性 -->
    		<property name="show_sql">true</property><!-- 输出SQL -->
    		<property name="format_sql">true</property><!-- 格式化SQL -->
    		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property><!-- 方言 -->
    		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property><!-- 检查数据库表结构是否一致,不一致更新,一致忽略 -->
    		<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property><!-- 本地事务(jdbc事务) -->
    		
    		<!-- 引入映射文件 -->
    		<mapping resource="hbm/Student.hbm.xml"/>
    	</session-factory>
    
    </hibernate-configuration>

    4.Student.java

    package org.hibernate.model;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    
    public class Student {
    
    	private long sid; // 学号
    	private String sname; // 姓名
    	private String gender; // 性别
    	private Date birthday; // 出生日期
    	private String address;// 地址
    
    	public Student(long sid, String sname, String gender, Date birthday, String address) {
    		super();
    		this.sid = sid;
    		this.sname = sname;
    		this.gender = gender;
    		this.birthday = birthday;
    		this.address = address;
    	}
    
    	public long getSid() {
    		return sid;
    	}
    
    	public void setSid(long sid) {
    		this.sid = sid;
    	}
    
    	public String getSname() {
    		return sname;
    	}
    
    	public void setSname(String sname) {
    		this.sname = sname;
    	}
    
    	public String getGender() {
    		return gender;
    	}
    
    	public void setGender(String gender) {
    		this.gender = gender;
    	}
    
    	public Date getBirthday() {
    		return birthday;
    	}
    
    	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
    		this.birthday = birthday;
    	}
    
    	public String getAddress() {
    		return address;
    	}
    
    	public void setAddress(String address) {
    		this.address = address;
    	}
    
    }

    5.Student.hbm.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
            "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
            "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
    <hibernate-mapping>
    
    	<class name="org.hibernate.model.Student" table="STUDENT">
    		<id name="sid" type="java.lang.Long">
    			<column name="SID"/>
    			<generator class="assigned"/><!-- 自定义主键 -->
    		</id>	
    		<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String">
    			<column name="SNAME"/>
    		</property>
    		<property name="gender" type="java.lang.String">
    			<column name="GENDER"/>
    		</property>
    		<property name="birthday" type="java.util.Date">
    			<column name="BIRTHDAY"/>
    		</property>
    		<property name="address" type="java.lang.String">
    			<column name="ADDRESS"/>
    		</property>
    	</class>
    
    </hibernate-mapping>

    6.HibernateTest.java

    package org.hibernate.test;
    
    import java.sql.Connection;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    import java.util.Date;
    
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.hibernate.Transaction;
    import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
    import org.hibernate.jdbc.Work;
    import org.hibernate.model.Student;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    public class HibernateTest {
    
    	@Test
    	public void testOpenSession() {
    		
    		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();// 获取配置对象
    		SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();// 获取SessionFactory对象
    		Session session1 = sessionFactory.openSession();// 获取Session对象
    		Session session2 = sessionFactory.openSession();// 获取Session对象
    		boolean result = session1 == session2;
    		if (result) {
    			System.out.println("openSession使用现有的session对象");
    		} else {
    			System.out.println("openSession每次都创建新的session对象");
    		}
    		
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void testGetCurrentSession() {
    		
    		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();// 获取配置对象
    		SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();// 获取SessionFactory对象
    		Session session1 = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();// 获取Session对象
    		Session session2 = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();// 获取Session对象
    		boolean result = session1 == session2;
    		if (result) {
    			System.out.println("getCurrentSession使用现有的session对象");
    		} else {
    			System.out.println("getCurrentSession每次都创建新的session对象");
    		}
    		
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void testSaveStudentWithOpenSession() {
    	
    		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();// 获取配置对象
    		SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();// 获取SessionFactory对象
    		
    		Session session1 = sessionFactory.openSession();// 获取Session对象
    		Transaction transaction = session1.beginTransaction();// 开启事务
    		Student student = new Student(1, "张三", "男", new Date(), "北京");// 创建Student对象
    		session1.doWork(new Work() {
    			
    			public void execute(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
    				
    				System.out.println("connection hashCode: " + connection.hashCode());
    				
    			}
    		});
    		session1.save(student);// 保存对象
    		transaction.commit();
    		System.out.println(session1);
    
    		Session session2 = sessionFactory.openSession();// 获取Session对象
    		transaction = session2.beginTransaction();// 开启事务
    		student = new Student(2, "李四", "男", new Date(), "上海");// 创建Student对象
    		session2.doWork(new Work() {
    			
    			public void execute(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
    				
    				System.out.println("connection hashCode: " + connection.hashCode());
    				
    			}
    		});
    		session2.save(student);// 保存对象
    		transaction.commit();
    		System.out.println(session2);
    		
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void testSaveStudentWithGetCurrentSession() {
    	
    		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();// 获取配置对象
    		SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();// 获取SessionFactory对象
    		Session session1 = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();// 获取Session对象
    		
    		Transaction transaction = session1.beginTransaction();// 开启事务
    		Student student = new Student(1, "张三", "男", new Date(), "北京");// 创建Student对象
    		session1.doWork(new Work() {
    			
    			public void execute(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
    				
    				System.out.println("connection hashcode: " + connection.hashCode());
    				
    			}
    		});
    		session1.save(student);// 保存对象
    		transaction.commit();// 提交事务
    		System.out.println(session1);
    		
    		Session session2 = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();// 获取Session对象
    		transaction = session2.beginTransaction();// 开启事务
    		student = new Student(2, "李四", "男", new Date(), "上海");// 创建Student对象
    		session2.doWork(new Work() {
    			
    			public void execute(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
    				
    				System.out.println("connection hashcode: " + connection.hashCode());
    				
    			}
    		});
    		session2.save(student);// 保存对象
    		transaction.commit();// 提交事务
    		System.out.println(session2);
    		
    	}
    	
    }

    7.效果预览

      7.1 执行testOpenSession()方法(通过openSession方法两次获取的session不一致,所以openSession每次都创建新的session对象)

      7.2 执行testGetCurrentSession()方法(通过getCurrentSession方法两次获取的session一致,所以getCurrentSession使用现有的session对象)

      7.3 执行testSaveStudentWithOpenSession()方法(两个session的哈希值是一样的,但是session都没有关闭;说明openSession不会自动关闭session,但是事务提交之后会自动关闭数据连接,因此第二个session使用的是第一个session关闭的数据库连接)

      7.4 执行testSaveStudentWithGetCurrentSession()方法(两个session的哈希值是一样的,session都关闭了;说明getCurrentSession在事务提交后会自动关闭session,关闭数据连接,因此第二个session使用的是第一个session关闭的数据库连接)

    9.总结

      参考视频中说openSession获取的session不手动释放session,也就不会释放数据库连接。但是测试发现,openSession获取的session不会自动释放session,但是事务提交后会自动释放数据库连接。个人感觉只要提交事务后数据库连接都会被释放,session若是通过openSession获取的需手动关闭,若是通过getCurrentSession获取的则会在事务提交后自动释放

    参考:http://www.imooc.com/learn/396

       http://blog.csdn.net/skiof007/article/details/10960027

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jinjiyese153/p/6903739.html
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