章节
MongoDB中的文档与SQL数据库中的记录类似。
插入文档到集合
要将记录(或MongoDB中所称的文档)插入到集合中，可使用insert_one()方法。
insert_one()方法的第一个参数是一个字典，包含了要插入的文档中，每个字段的名称和值。
示例
在“customers”集合内插入记录:
myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]
mydict = { "name": "John", "address": "Highway 37" }
x = mycol.insert_one(mydict)
返回_id字段
insert_one()方法返回InsertOneResult对象，该对象有一个inserted_id属性，保存了插入文档的id。
示例
在“customers”集合中插入一条记录，并返回_id字段的值:
mydict = { "name": "Peter", "address": "Lowstreet 27" }
x = mycol.insert_one(mydict)
print(x.inserted_id)
插入文档时，如果没有指定_id，将自动分配一个唯一的id。
上面的例子中，没有指定_id字段，MongoDB为记录(文档)分配了一个唯一_id。
插入多个文档
要将多个文档插入集合，可以使用insert_many()方法。
insert_many()方法的第一个参数是一个字典列表，包含了要插入的数据：
示例
import pymongo
myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]
mylist = [
{ "name": "Amy", "address": "Apple st 652"},
{ "name": "Hannah", "address": "Mountain 21"},
{ "name": "Michael", "address": "Valley 345"},
{ "name": "Sandy", "address": "Ocean blvd 2"},
{ "name": "Betty", "address": "Green Grass 1"},
{ "name": "Richard", "address": "Sky st 331"},
{ "name": "Susan", "address": "One way 98"},
{ "name": "Vicky", "address": "Yellow Garden 2"},
{ "name": "Ben", "address": "Park Lane 38"},
{ "name": "William", "address": "Central st 954"},
{ "name": "Chuck", "address": "Main Road 989"},
{ "name": "Viola", "address": "Sideway 1633"}
]
x = mycol.insert_many(mylist)
# 打印文档_id值列表:
print(x.inserted_ids)
insert_many()方法返回InsertManyResult对象，该对象有一个inserted_ids属性，保存了所有插入文档的id
插入多个具有指定id的文档
插入文档时，如果不希望MongoDB为文档分配id，可以指定_id字段。
注意，_id值必须是惟一的，任意两个文档不能具有相同的_id。
示例
import pymongo
myclient = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
mydb = myclient["mydatabase"]
mycol = mydb["customers"]
mylist = [
{ "_id": 1, "name": "John", "address": "Highway 37"},
{ "_id": 2, "name": "Peter", "address": "Lowstreet 27"},
{ "_id": 3, "name": "Amy", "address": "Apple st 652"},
{ "_id": 4, "name": "Hannah", "address": "Mountain 21"},
{ "_id": 5, "name": "Michael", "address": "Valley 345"},
{ "_id": 6, "name": "Sandy", "address": "Ocean blvd 2"},
{ "_id": 7, "name": "Betty", "address": "Green Grass 1"},
{ "_id": 8, "name": "Richard", "address": "Sky st 331"},
{ "_id": 9, "name": "Susan", "address": "One way 98"},
{ "_id": 10, "name": "Vicky", "address": "Yellow Garden 2"},
{ "_id": 11, "name": "Ben", "address": "Park Lane 38"},
{ "_id": 12, "name": "William", "address": "Central st 954"},
{ "_id": 13, "name": "Chuck", "address": "Main Road 989"},
{ "_id": 14, "name": "Viola", "address": "Sideway 1633"}
]
x = mycol.insert_many(mylist)
# 打印文档_id值列表:
print(x.inserted_ids)