类内的方法常见有三种 ,实例方法,类的静态方法,类方法,
staticmethod无法传入类本身,因此如果在类内需要访问类的任何方法或者属性,需要直接用类名来访问。好处是,这个是通过类访问的静态方法,类的静态方法,调用的时候需要用类名进行调用。这个有个坏处就是如果类名改变了,内部代码也要改。
classmethod,类方法,也是类访问,可以通过cls,或者self传入类,因此在类方法内访问类的属性或者方法时,直接通过cls或者self直接访问,这样就有个好处,如果类名发生改变,不需要改变内部的代码。
class Date: def __init__(self,year,month,day): self.year = year self.month = month self.day = day def tomorrow(self): self.day +=1 @staticmethod def parse_from_string(date_str): year,month,day = tuple(date_str.split('-')) return Date(int(year),int(month),int(day)) @classmethod def from_string(cls,date_str): year,month,day = tuple(date_str.split('-')) return cls(int(year),int(month),int(day)) ''' @classmethod def from_string(self,date_str): year,month,day = tuple(date_str.split('-')) return self(int(year),int(month),int(day)) ''' @staticmethod def valid_str(date_str): year,month,day = tuple(date_str.split('-')) if int(year)>0 and (int(month)<13 and int(month)>0) and (int(day)<=31 and int(day)>0): return True else: return False def __str__(self): return '{year}{month}{day}'.format(year = self.year, month = self.month,day = self.day) if __name__=='__main__': new_day = Date(2018,12,20) new_day.tomorrow() print(new_day) date_str = '2018-12-20' # year,month,day = tuple(date_str.split('-')) # # print(year,month,day) # # new_day=Date(int(year),int(month),int(day)) # print(new_day) # #static method tmp_day = Date.parse_from_string(date_str) print(tmp_day) tmp_day = Date.from_string(date_str) print(tmp_day) print(Date.valid_str('2018-06-12'))