发起HTTP协议的交互请求：
想发起就能发起(符合万维网系统制定的HTTP协议即可，规定格式的请求头，请求体等)，但能不能返回和返回什么由目标接口决定。如果返回有问题，生成的状态码是万维网系统检测并返回吗？为什么后台开发者也能设定状态码？
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.entity.ByteArrayEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
public class HttpClientUtil {
/**
* 发送http get 请求
* @param url url
* @return 响应体字符串
* @throws IOException IOException
*/
public static String httpGet(String url) throws IOException {
String responseStr;
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = createSSLClientDefault();
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(45000).build();
httpget.setConfig(requestConfig);
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new ResponseHandler<String>() {
@Override
public String handleResponse(final HttpResponse response) throws IOException {
int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (status >= 200 && status < 300) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
return entity != null ? EntityUtils.toString(entity) : null;
} else {
throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected message status: " + status);
}
}
};
responseStr = httpClient.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
return responseStr;
}
/**
* 发送http post 请求
* @param url url
* @return 响应体字符串
* @throws IOException IOException
*/
public static String httpPost(String url, String body) throws IOException {
String responseStr;
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = createSSLClientDefault();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(45000).build();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
HttpEntity entity = new ByteArrayEntity(body.getBytes("utf-8"));
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new ResponseHandler<String>() {
@Override
public String handleResponse(final HttpResponse response) throws IOException {
int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (status >= 200 && status < 300) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
return entity != null ? EntityUtils.toString(entity) : null;
} else {
throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected message status: " + status);
}
}
};
responseStr = httpClient.execute(httpPost, responseHandler);
return responseStr;
}
/**
* 创建可以发送https请求的httpclient
* @return CloseableHttpClient
*/
private static CloseableHttpClient createSSLClientDefault() {
try {
SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
// 信任所有
public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
return true;
}
}).build();
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, new MyHostnameVerifier());
return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
} catch (KeyManagementException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | KeyStoreException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return HttpClients.createDefault();
}
// SSLPeerUnverifiedException: Host name err
private static class MyHostnameVerifier implements HostnameVerifier {
@Override
public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
return true;
}
}
}
trade
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.jd.ihtrade.core.constant.HttpResponseResult;
import com.jd.ihtrade.core.constant.PopRefundConstants;
/**
* @author panyujiang
* @date 2016-06-01
* @desc http通讯Util工具类
*/
public class HttpClientUtil {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class);
/**
* 如果成功返回就code=0;BODY为返回内容，如果code！=0 errMsg为错误内容
* @param url 地址
* @param parameters 参数
* @return
*/
public static HttpResponseResult request(String url, Map<String, String> parameters) {
HttpResponseResult responseResult = new HttpResponseResult();
StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();
//设置HTTP请求参数
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
client.getParams().setConnectionManagerTimeout(PopRefundConstants.CONNECT_TIMEOUT);
PostMethod method = new PostMethod(url);
method.getParams().setContentCharset(PopRefundConstants.CHARSET_GBK);
method.getParams().setSoTimeout(PopRefundConstants.GET_DATA_TIMEOUT);
method.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER,
new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler(PopRefundConstants.RETRY_COUNT, false));
try {
if (parameters != null && parameters.isEmpty() == false) {
NameValuePair[] postData = new NameValuePair[parameters.size()];
int i = 0;
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : parameters.entrySet()) {
postData[i++] = new NameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
method.setRequestBody(postData);
}
client.executeMethod(method);
responseResult.setCode(method.getStatusCode());
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(method.getResponseBodyAsStream(), PopRefundConstants.CHARSET_GBK));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(line);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("request", e);
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
reader.close();
}
}
//返回状态码错误
if (method.getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
responseResult.setErrMsg(response.toString());
} else {
responseResult.setCode(PopRefundConstants.RESULT_SUCCESS);//把200转为RESULT_SUCCESS
responseResult.setBody(response.toString());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
responseResult.setCode(PopRefundConstants.RESULT_FAILURE);
responseResult.setErrMsg("error:" + e.getMessage());
logger.error("request", e);
} finally {
method.releaseConnection();
}
return responseResult;
}
public static HttpResponseResult requestData(String url, String data) {
HttpResponseResult responseResult = new HttpResponseResult();
StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();
//设置HTTP请求参数
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
client.getParams().setConnectionManagerTimeout(PopRefundConstants.CONNECT_TIMEOUT);
PostMethod method = new PostMethod(url);
method.getParams().setContentCharset(PopRefundConstants.CHARSET_UTF_8);
method.getParams().setSoTimeout(PopRefundConstants.GET_DATA_TIMEOUT);
method.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER,
new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler(PopRefundConstants.RETRY_COUNT, false));
try {
// if (parameters != null && parameters.isEmpty() == false) {
// NameValuePair[] postData = new NameValuePair[parameters.size()];
// int i = 0;
// for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : parameters.entrySet()) {
// postData[i++] = new NameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
// }
// method.setRequestBody(postData);
// }
method.setRequestBody(data);
client.executeMethod(method);
responseResult.setCode(method.getStatusCode());
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(method.getResponseBodyAsStream(), PopRefundConstants.CHARSET_UTF_8));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(line);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("request", e);
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
reader.close();
}
}
//返回状态码错误
if (method.getStatusCode() != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
responseResult.setErrMsg(response.toString());
} else {
responseResult.setCode(PopRefundConstants.RESULT_SUCCESS);//把200转为RESULT_SUCCESS
responseResult.setBody(response.toString());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
responseResult.setCode(PopRefundConstants.RESULT_FAILURE);
responseResult.setErrMsg("error:" + e.getMessage());
logger.error("request", e);
} finally {
method.releaseConnection();
}
return responseResult;
}
// public static void main(String[] args) {
// String url = "http://wkws.dhc.jd.com/service1/lasRestService/queryOrderStatus2";
// String data = "<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>" + "<data>" + "<order>" + "<waybill_code>170327117</waybill_code>" + "</order>"
// + "</data>";
// String contentType = "application/soap+xml";
// String result = post(url, data, contentType);
// System.out.println(result);
// }
}