【JUnit】JUnit Hamcrest 断言

环境

• JDK 6
• JUnit 4.13
• Spring Tool Suite 4.6.2
• Maven 3.6.3

断言

在程序设计中，断言（assertion）是一种放在程序中的一阶逻辑（如一个结果为真或是假的逻辑判断式），目的是为了标示与验证程序开发者预期的结果－当程序运行到断言的位置时，对应的断言应该为真。若断言不为真时，程序会中止运行，并给出错误消息。 --来源于维基百科

Hamcrest 断言示例

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>jiangbo.java.junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>13-java-junit-hamcrest</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <description>JUnit Hamcrest 断言示例</description>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.6</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.6</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

CaculatorTest

示例来源于官网

package jiangbo.java.junit;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.allOf;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.anyOf;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.both;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.containsString;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.everyItem;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.hasItems;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.not;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.sameInstance;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.startsWith;
import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.hamcrest.core.CombinableMatcher;
import org.junit.Test;

public class CaculatorTest {

    // JUnit Matchers assertThat
    @Test
    public void testAssertThatBothContainsString() {

        assertThat("albumen", both(containsString("a")).and(containsString("b")));
    }

    @Test
    public void testAssertThatHasItems() {

        assertThat(Arrays.asList("one", "two", "three"), hasItems("one", "three"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testAssertThatEveryItemContainsString() {

        assertThat(Arrays.asList(new String[] { "fun", "ban", "net" }), everyItem(containsString("n")));
    }

    // Core Hamcrest Matchers with assertThat
    @Test
    public void testAssertThatHamcrestCoreMatchers() {

        assertThat("good", allOf(equalTo("good"), startsWith("good")));
        assertThat("good", not(allOf(equalTo("bad"), equalTo("good"))));
        assertThat("good", anyOf(equalTo("bad"), equalTo("good")));
        assertThat(7, not(CombinableMatcher.<Integer>either(equalTo(3)).or(equalTo(4))));
        assertThat(new Object(), not(sameInstance(new Object())));
    }

    @Test
    public void testHamcrest() throws Exception {

        assertThat(3, is(3));
        assertThat(3, is(not(4)));
    }
}