2.MySQL入门基本操作初体验

• 启动和关闭mysql服务器：

一、启动方式

1、使用 mysqld 脚本启动：/etc/inint.d/mysqld start

2、使用 守护进程safe_mysqld 启动：safe_mysqld&

二、停止

1、使用 mysqld 脚本启动：/etc/inint.d/mysqld stop

2、mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown

三、重启

使用 mysqld  脚本启动：/etc/inint.d/mysqld restart

mysql_safe mysqladmin均在/usr/bin目录下

• 登录mysql服务器，通过在终端输入

mysql -u root -p

登录成功后会出现类似以下界面：

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.16-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

1. 查看数据库：

   mysql> show databases;
   +--------------------+
   | Database           |
   +--------------------+
   | information_schema |
   | blpcd              |
   | foo                |
   | mysql              |
   | performance_schema |
   | sys                |
   +--------------------+
   6 rows in set (0.13 sec)

2. 查看存储引擎：

   mysql> show engines;
   +--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
   | Engine             | Support | Comment                                                        | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |
   +--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
   | MRG_MYISAM         | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |
   | CSV                | YES     | CSV storage engine                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |
   | InnoDB             | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys     | YES          | YES  | YES        |
   | BLACKHOLE          | YES     | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO           | NO   | NO         |
   | MEMORY             | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables      | NO           | NO   | NO         |
   | PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES     | Performance Schema                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |
   | ARCHIVE            | YES     | Archive storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |
   | MyISAM             | YES     | MyISAM storage engine                                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |
   | FEDERATED          | NO      | Federated MySQL storage engine                                 | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |
   +--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
   9 rows in set (0.03 sec)

3. 查看数据表：

   mysql> use mysql;
   Reading table information for completion of table and column names
   You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
   
   Database changed
   mysql> show tables;
   +---------------------------+
   | Tables_in_mysql           |
   +---------------------------+
   | columns_priv              |
   | db                        |
   | engine_cost               |
   | event                     |
   | func                      |
   | general_log               |
   | gtid_executed             |
   | help_category             |
   | help_keyword              |
   | help_relation             |
   | help_topic                |
   | innodb_index_stats        |
   | innodb_table_stats        |
   | ndb_binlog_index          |
   | plugin                    |
   | proc                      |
   | procs_priv                |
   | proxies_priv              |
   | server_cost               |
   | servers                   |
   | slave_master_info         |
   | slave_relay_log_info      |
   | slave_worker_info         |
   | slow_log                  |
   | tables_priv               |
   | time_zone                 |
   | time_zone_leap_second     |
   | time_zone_name            |
   | time_zone_transition      |
   | time_zone_transition_type |
   | user                      |
   +---------------------------+
   31 rows in set (0.00 sec)

   查看表时应先指定查看的数据库，正如上面的use mysql。

4. 查看当前用户

   mysql> select user();

5. 通过输入

   mysql> exit 或 mysql> q

   退出。