1.查看数据泵的目录对象，目录对象是数据泵导出数据时存放的文件路径：
SQL> SELECT * FROM dba_directories; OWNER DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SYS ADMIN_DIR /ade/aime_10.2_lnx_push/oracle/md/admin SYS DATA_PUMP_DIR /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/log/ SYS WORK_DIR /ade/aime_10.2_lnx_push/oracle/work
只有SYS或者SYSTEM用户才能使用默认DATA_PUMP_DIR目录对象
所以SYSTEM用户可以启用数据泵导出作业，而不需要提供目录名。
[oracle@localhost ~]$ expdp system/lubinsu Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wednesday, 01 May, 2013 17:04:18 Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": system/******** Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 320 KB Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYNONYM/SYNONYM Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TYPE/TYPE_SPEC Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DB_LINK Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/PRE_TABLE_ACTION Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/CROSS_SCHEMA/OBJECT_GRANT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/COMPILE_PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC/ALTER_PACKAGE_SPEC Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/VIEW Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/GRANT/CROSS_SCHEMA/OBJECT_GRANT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/COMMENT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_BODY Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TRIGGER Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/POST_TABLE_ACTION Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/POST_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_AUDIT_ATTRIBUTE" 5.953 KB 2 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_OBJECT_TYPES" 6.507 KB 28 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_RESOLUTION_METHOD" 5.648 KB 19 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_TEMPLATE_STATUS" 5.296 KB 3 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_TEMPLATE_TYPES" 5.914 KB 2 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_AQCALL" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_AQERROR" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_CALLDEST" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_DEFAULTDEST" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_DESTINATION" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_ERROR" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_LOB" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_ORIGIN" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_PROPAGATOR" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_PUSHED_TRANSACTIONS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."DEF$_TEMP$LOB" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."LOGSTDBY$APPLY_MILESTONE" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."LOGSTDBY$APPLY_PROGRESS":"P0" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."LOGSTDBY$EVENTS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."LOGSTDBY$HISTORY" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."LOGSTDBY$PARAMETERS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."LOGSTDBY$PLSQL" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."LOGSTDBY$SCN" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."LOGSTDBY$SKIP" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."LOGSTDBY$SKIP_TRANSACTION" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."MVIEW$_ADV_INDEX" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."MVIEW$_ADV_PARTITION" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_AUDIT_COLUMN" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_COLUMN_GROUP" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_CONFLICT" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_DDL" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_EXCEPTIONS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_EXTENSION" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_FLAVORS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_FLAVOR_OBJECTS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_GENERATED" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_GROUPED_COLUMN" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_INSTANTIATION_DDL" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_KEY_COLUMNS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_OBJECT_PARMS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_PARAMETER_COLUMN" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_PRIORITY" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_PRIORITY_GROUP" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_REFRESH_TEMPLATES" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_REPCAT" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_REPCATLOG" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_REPCOLUMN" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_REPGROUP_PRIVS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_REPOBJECT" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_REPPROP" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_REPSCHEMA" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_RESOLUTION" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_RESOLUTION_STATISTICS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_RESOL_STATS_CONTROL" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_RUNTIME_PARMS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_SITES_NEW" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_SITE_OBJECTS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_SNAPGROUP" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_TEMPLATE_OBJECTS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_TEMPLATE_PARMS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_TEMPLATE_REFGROUPS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_TEMPLATE_SITES" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_TEMPLATE_TARGETS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_USER_AUTHORIZATIONS" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."REPCAT$_USER_PARM_VALUES" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_CZ" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_HA" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_LYG" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_NJ" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_NT" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_PROVICE" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_SQ" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_SZ" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_TZ" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_WX" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_XZ" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_YC" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_YZ" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SERV_MSG":"P_ZJ" 0 KB 0 rows . . exported "SYSTEM"."SQLPLUS_PRODUCT_PROFILE" 0 KB 0 rows Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for SYSTEM.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is: /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/log/expdat.dmp Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 17:04:57
其他用户需要授权使用目录对象：
1.创建目录对象：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus system/lubinsu SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 1 17:07:28 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options SQL> create directory dpump_dir01 as '/home/lubinsu/dpump'; Directory created.
2.授权：
SQL> grant read,write on directory dpump_dir01 to lubinsu; Grant succeeded.
3.导出：
[lubinsu@localhost oracle]$ expdp lubinsu/lubinsu DIRECTORY=dpump_dir01 dumpfile=lubinsu.dmp Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wednesday, 01 May, 2013 17:12:38 Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options ORA-39002: invalid operation ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file. ORA-29283: invalid file operation ORA-06512: at "SYS.UTL_FILE", line 475 ORA-29283: invalid file operation
4.真实路径下的目录实际上并未创建，而oracle也不会自动创建该目录
创建真是目录并修改权限：
chmod 777 lubinsu
chmod 777 dpump
将lubinsu用户下的dpump开放给其他用户
重新执行刚才的操作：
[lubinsu@localhost oracle]$ expdp lubinsu/lubinsu dumpfile=lubinsu.dmp directory=DPUMP_DIR05 Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wednesday, 01 May, 2013 22:24:43 Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options Starting "LUBINSU"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": lubinsu/******** dumpfile=lubinsu.dmp directory=DPUMP_DIR05 Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 128.6 MB Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DB_LINK Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/COMPILE_PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC/ALTER_PACKAGE_SPEC Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_BODY Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS . . exported "LUBINSU"."T_TEST" 36.69 MB 393800 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."GRID_MSG" 20.79 MB 156588 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."BSS_PO_SPEC_D" 6.229 MB 26570 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."MANAGER_TM" 3.885 MB 65099 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."MANAGER_TM_T" 3.937 MB 65994 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."AREA_TM" 1.786 MB 33105 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_CZ" 2.055 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_HA" 2.041 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_LYG" 1.991 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_NJ" 2.011 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_NT" 2.197 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_SQ" 1.996 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_SZ" 2.084 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_TZ" 1.951 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_WX" 2.059 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_XZ" 2.038 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_YC" 1.935 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_YZ" 1.819 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_ZJ" 1.927 MB 10008 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."PROCEDURE_RESULT" 6.335 KB 15 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."STAT_PROCEDURE" 46.99 KB 163 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."TEACHER_VPN_STAT_DAILY" 80.25 KB 2377 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."DEPT" 5.656 KB 4 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."EMP" 7.820 KB 14 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."LATN_AREA_INFO" 16.11 KB 14 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."PO_SPEC_CATE_TREE_RELA" 24.95 KB 578 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."TEACHER_VPN_STAT_DAILY_T" 9.937 KB 65 rows . . exported "LUBINSU"."SERV_MSG":"P_PROVINCE" 0 KB 0 rows Master table "LUBINSU"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for LUBINSU.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is: /home/lubinsu/dpump/lubinsu.dmp Job "LUBINSU"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 22:24:58